Hava Kirlili\u011fi<\/p>\n
Hava, azot(%78), oksijen(%21), argon(%0,93), karbondioksit(%0,03) ve az miktarda da di\u011fer gazlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Havan\u0131n do\u011faya ve canl\u0131lara zarar verici hale gelmesi kirletici maddelerin art\u0131\u015f\u0131yla olmaktad\u0131r. Hava kirlili\u011fi; atmosferde toz, duman, gaz, su buhar\u0131 \u015feklindeki kirleticilerin, insan ve di\u011fer canl\u0131lara zarar verecek d\u00fczeye eri\u015fmesidir. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kentle\u015fme, end\u00fcstri ve ta\u015f\u0131t ara\u00e7lar\u0131 hava kirlili\u011finin ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedenleridir. H\u0131zl\u0131 kentle\u015fme, \u015fehrin yanl\u0131\u015f b\u00f6lgelere kurulmas\u0131, ye\u015fil alan azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7e\u015fitli k\u00f6m\u00fcr gibi yak\u0131tlar havan\u0131n kirlenmesine yol a\u00e7ar. <\/p>\n
Hava kirlili\u011finin etkileri<\/p>\n
\u2022Hava kirlili\u011fi solunum sistemi hastal\u0131klar\u0131na ve akci\u011fer kanserine neden olur.
\n\u2022Hava kirlili\u011fi atmosferde sera etkisi, asit ya\u011fmuru, ozon tabakas\u0131n\u0131n incelmesi gibi sorunlara yol a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n
Atmosferde buluna CO2 sera etkisi denilen bir yolla yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde yans\u0131yan \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 tutar. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yery\u00fcz\u00fc \u0131s\u0131n\u0131r. S\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n artmas\u0131 halinde iklim ve bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn de\u011fi\u015fece\u011fi, \u015fiddetli kas\u0131rgalar olaca\u011f\u0131; k\u0131\u015f mevsiminde normalin \u00fcst\u00fcnde bir s\u0131cakl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclece\u011fi tahmin edilmektedir. Buz da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n erimesiyle de b\u00fcy\u00fck felaketlerin olaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Bununla birlikte denizlerin y\u00fckselerek k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131n sular alt\u0131nda kalaca\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir. Buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak da t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya ikliminde ve tar\u0131mda \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin olaca\u011f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir.
\nAtmosferdeki CO2 d\u00fczeyinin y\u00fckselmesi; yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131na y\u00f6nelmekle ve enerjinin daha etkin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yla \u00f6nlenebilir. <\/p>\n
G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde asit ya\u011fmurlar\u0131 en b\u00fcy\u00fck sorunlardand\u0131r. Asit ya\u011fmurlar\u0131n\u0131n etkileri aras\u0131nda yok olan ormanlar, hi\u00e7bir canl\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6ller, zarar g\u00f6ren yap\u0131lar ve sa\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden insanlar vard\u0131r. Asit ya\u011fmurlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 elektrik \u00fcreten santrallerin bacalar\u0131na filtre tak\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131n egzoz borular\u0131nda katalitik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcler kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nabilir. <\/p>\n
Ozon tabakas\u0131 yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde s\u0131cakl\u0131k da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinde g\u00f6revlidir. Bu tabaka yakla\u015f\u0131k 20-50 km y\u00fckseklikteki stratosferde yer al\u0131p, 3-4mm kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r. G\u00fcne\u015ften gelen ve canl\u0131lar i\u00e7in zararl\u0131 olan mor \u00f6tesi \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 s\u00fczer ve s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n dengede kalmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Ozon tabakas\u0131 baz\u0131 kimyasal maddeler taraf\u0131ndan incelir.<\/p>\n
Hava kirlili\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 al\u0131nabilecek \u00f6nlemler<\/p>\n
\u2022\u00d6ncelikle fosil yak\u0131t kullan\u0131m yerine do\u011falgaz, g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi ve jeotermal enerji kullan\u0131m\u0131 yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n\u2022Sanayi tesisleri kurulurken ye\u015fil alanlar\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 planlanmal\u0131 ve sanayi at\u0131klar\u0131 havaya verilmemelidir.
\n\u2022Arabalar\u0131n egzozlar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan gazlara \u00f6nlem al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n\u2022\u0130nsanlar toplu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011fa \u00f6zendirilmeli ve yak\u0131t olarak do\u011falgaz kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n\u2022Orman tahribat\u0131 \u00f6nlenmeli, a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na h\u0131z verilmeli ve ozon tabakas\u0131na zarar verilmemelidir.<\/p>\n
TOPRAK K\u0130RL\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130 <\/p>\n
Plans\u0131z kentle\u015fme, tar\u0131mda kullan\u0131lan ila\u00e7lar, g\u00fcbreler, sanayi at\u0131klar\u0131, ya\u011fmur sular\u0131yla havadaki asitlerin topra\u011fa inmesi ve erozyon topra\u011f\u0131n kirlenmesine yol a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n
H\u0131zl\u0131 n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir sorundur. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck kentlere g\u00f6\u00e7 etmesiyle \u00e7arp\u0131k kentle\u015fme olmaktad\u0131r. End\u00fcstri at\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n topra\u011fa kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, ye\u015fil alanlar\u0131n tahrip edilmesi ve tar\u0131mda kullan\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fitli ila\u00e7 ve g\u00fcbreler topra\u011f\u0131n kirlenmesine neden olur. Ayr\u0131ca n\u00fckleer enerji ve radyoaktif maddeler \u00f6nemli bir sorundur.
\nTopra\u011fa b\u0131rak\u0131lan zararl\u0131 ve at\u0131k maddelerle topra\u011f\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerinin bozulmas\u0131na toprak kirlili\u011fi denir. Kirlenen toprakta rengin de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi ve verimin d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6zlenir. Ayr\u0131ca topraktaki kirlilik \u00e7e\u015fitli bitki, hayvan ve mikroorganizmalara zarar verir.<\/p>\n
Toprak kirlili\u011finin \u00f6nlenmesi i\u00e7in;
\n\u2022Evsel at\u0131klar topra\u011fa zarar vermeyecek \u015fekilde toplanmal\u0131 ve imha edilmelidir.
\n\u2022Verimli tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131na sanayi tesisleri ve yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131 kurulmamal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n\u2022Sanayi at\u0131klar\u0131 ar\u0131t\u0131lmadan topra\u011fa verilmemelidir.
\n\u2022Tar\u0131m ila\u00e7lar\u0131nda ve g\u00fcbrelemede yanl\u0131\u015f uygulamalar \u00f6nlenmelidir.
\n\u2022Ambalaj sanayiinde cam, karton gibi yeniden kullan\u0131labilir maddeler se\u00e7ilmelidir.
\n\u2022Topra\u011f\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f i\u015fleme ve yanl\u0131\u015f sulama uygulamalar\u0131 durdurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n\u2022Otlak ve ormanlar korunmal\u0131 ve \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n\u2022 N\u00fckleer santraller topra\u011fa zarar vermeyecek yerlere kurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n\u2022A\u011fa\u00e7 sevgisi ve ormanlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 konusunda insanlar e\u011fitilmelidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Hava Kirlili\u011fi Hava, azot(%78), oksijen(%21), argon(%0,93), karbondioksit(%0,03) ve az miktarda da di\u011fer gazlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Havan\u0131n do\u011faya ve canl\u0131lara zarar verici hale gelmesi kirletici maddelerin art\u0131\u015f\u0131yla olmaktad\u0131r. Hava kirlili\u011fi; atmosferde toz, duman, gaz, su buhar\u0131 \u015feklindeki kirleticilerin, insan ve di\u011fer canl\u0131lara zarar verecek d\u00fczeye eri\u015fmesidir. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kentle\u015fme, end\u00fcstri ve ta\u015f\u0131t ara\u00e7lar\u0131 hava kirlili\u011finin ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedenleridir. H\u0131zl\u0131 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[2220,2224,3050,2338,2164,2994],"class_list":["post-1027","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-argon","tag-azot","tag-hava-kirliligi","tag-karbondioksit","tag-oksijen","tag-ozon-tabakasi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1027","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1027"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1027\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1027"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1027"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1027"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}