Felsefe, matematik, astronomi, fizik, kimya, t\u0131p ve m\u00fczik gibi bilgi ve becerinin \u00e7e\u015fitli alanlar\u0131nda se\u00e7kinle\u015fmi\u015f olan, \u0130bn-i Sin\u00e2 (980-1037), matematik alan\u0131nda matematiksel terimlerin tan\u0131mlar\u0131; astronomi alan\u0131nda ise duyarl\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 konular\u0131yla ilgilenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Astroloji ve simyaya itibar etmemi\u015f, D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Kuram\u0131’n\u0131n do\u011fru olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu deneylerle ara\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130bn-i Sin\u00e2’ya g\u00f6re, her element sadece kendisine \u00f6zg\u00fc niteliklere sahiptir ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla daha de\u011fersiz metallerden alt\u0131n ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f gibi daha de\u011ferli metallerin elde edilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n
\u0130bn-i Sin\u00e2, mekanikle de ilgilenmi\u015f ve baz\u0131 y\u00f6nlerden Aristoteles’in hareket anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Aristoteles, cismi hareket ettiren kuvvet ile cisim aras\u0131ndaki temas ortadan kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, cismin hareketini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesini sa\u011flayan etmenin ortam, yani hava oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor ve havaya, biri cisme direnme ve di\u011feri cismi ta\u015f\u0131ma olmak \u00fczere birbiriyle ba\u011fda\u015fmayacak iki g\u00f6rev y\u00fckl\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n
\u0130bn-i Sin\u00e2, bu \u00e7eli\u015fik durumu g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zlemler s\u0131ras\u0131nda hava ile r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lerini kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve Aristoteles’in hakl\u0131 olabilmesi i\u00e7in havan\u0131n \u015fiddetinin r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131n \u015fiddetinden daha fazla olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi sonucuna varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Oysa bir a\u011fac\u0131n yak\u0131n\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en bir ok, a\u011faca de\u011fmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece, a\u011fa\u00e7ta ve yapraklar\u0131nda en ufak bir k\u0131p\u0131rdanma yaratmazken, r\u00fczg\u00e2r, a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 sallamakta ve hatta k\u00f6k\u00fcnden kopartabilmektedir; \u00f6yleyse havan\u0131n \u015fiddeti, cisimleri ta\u015f\u0131maya yeterli de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n
\u0130bn-i Sin\u00e2, her \u015feyden \u00f6nce bir hekimdir ve bu alandaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u0131pla ilgili bir\u00e7ok eser kaleme alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; bunlar aras\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle kalp-damar sistemi ile ilgili olanlar dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir. Ancak, \u0130bn-i Sin\u00e2 dendi\u011finde, onun ad\u0131yla \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fmi\u015f ve Bat\u0131 \u00fclkelerinde 16. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ve Do\u011fu \u00fclkelerinde ise 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131na kadar okunmu\u015f ve kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan “el-K\u00e2n\u00fbn f\u00ee’t-T\u0131b” (T\u0131p Kanunu) adl\u0131 eseri akla gelir.<\/p>\n
Be\u015f kitaptan olu\u015fan bu ansiklopedik eserin birinci kitab\u0131, anatomi ve koruyucu hekimlik, ikinci kitab\u0131 basit ila\u00e7lar, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc kitab\u0131 patoloji, d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc kitab\u0131 ila\u00e7larla ve cerrahi y\u00f6ntemlerle tedavi ve be\u015finci kitab\u0131 ise \u00e7e\u015fitli ila\u00e7 terkipleriyle ilgili ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgiler vermektedir.<\/p>\n
\u0130bn-i Sin\u00e2’n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu eseri incelendi\u011finde, konular\u0131 sistematik bir bi\u00e7imde inceledi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Tarihte ilk defa, t\u0131p ve cerrahiyi iki ayr\u0131 disiplin olarak de\u011ferlendiren \u0130bn-i Sin\u00e2, cerrahi tedavinin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclebilmesi i\u00e7in anatominin \u00f6nemini \u00f6zellikle vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hayati tehlikenin \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131ndan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc pek g\u00f6zde olmayan cerrahi tedavi ile ilgili \u00f6rnekler vermi\u015f ve ameliyatlarda kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere baz\u0131 aletler \u00f6nermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6zle de ilgilenmi\u015f olan \u0130bn-i Sin\u00e2, d\u00f6neminin se\u00e7kin fizik\u00e7ilerinden \u0130bn-i Heysem gibi, G\u00f6z-I\u015f\u0131n Kuram\u0131’n\u0131 savunmu\u015f ve \u00fcst g\u00f6z kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015fa d\u00f6nmesi, s\u00fcrekli beyaz renge veya kara bakmaktan meydana gelen kar k\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi daha \u00f6nce s\u00f6z konusu edilmemi\u015f hastal\u0131klar hakk\u0131nda da ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
\u0130bni Sina<\/p>\n
\u0130slam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarihinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck isimlerinden olan \u0130bni Sina\u2019n\u0131n bu se\u00e7kinli\u011fi, bir\u00e7ok y\u00f6nden \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131yan, ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 ve m\u00fckemmel bir sistemle sunulmu\u015f felsefesinden ileri gelir. \u0130bni Sina, ilahiyattan ahlak ve siyasete kadar felsefenin o d\u00f6nemdeki b\u00fct\u00fcn disiplinlerini ele alm\u0131\u015f; ayr\u0131ca ba\u015fta t\u0131p olmak \u00fczere, pozitif bilimlerde de s\u00f6z sahibi olmu\u015ftur. Helenistik d\u00f6nemde yeni Platoncu bir kimli\u011fe b\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olan Aristoteles\u00e7ili\u011fi, felsefe y\u00f6ntem ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcleri i\u00e7inde kalarak \u0130slami bir s\u00f6ylemle ortaya koymaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f; Gazali, Fahreddin Razi, \u0130bni Teymiyye gibi \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda \u00e7ok etkin olan bilginlerin a\u011f\u0131r ele\u015ftirilerine kar\u015f\u0131n \u00abe\u015f-\u015eeyhu\u2019r-Reis \u00bb (ba\u015f \u00fcstat) \u00fcnvan\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00f6nemlerde korumu\u015f; t\u0131pta ise modem t\u0131bb\u0131n do\u011fu\u015funa kadar Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131\u2019da otorite say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
BA\u015eLICA ESERLER\u0130 :
\nEl-Kanun fi’t-T\u0131b (“Hekimlik Yasas\u0131”); Kitab\u00fc’l-Necat (“Kurtulu\u015f Kitab\u0131”); Risale fi-\u0130lm\u00fc’l-Ahlak (“Ahlak Konusunda Kitap\u00e7\u0131k”); \u0130\u015farat ve’l-Tembihat (“Belirtiler ve Uyar\u0131lar”); Kitab\u00fc’\u015f-\u015eifa (“Sa\u011fl\u0131k Kitab\u0131”).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Felsefe, matematik, astronomi, fizik, kimya, t\u0131p ve m\u00fczik gibi bilgi ve becerinin \u00e7e\u015fitli alanlar\u0131nda se\u00e7kinle\u015fmi\u015f olan, \u0130bn-i Sin\u00e2 (980-1037), matematik alan\u0131nda matematiksel terimlerin tan\u0131mlar\u0131; astronomi alan\u0131nda ise duyarl\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 konular\u0131yla ilgilenmi\u015ftir. Astroloji ve simyaya itibar etmemi\u015f, D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Kuram\u0131’n\u0131n do\u011fru olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu deneylerle ara\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130bn-i Sin\u00e2’ya g\u00f6re, her …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1404,1403,1406],"tags":[2831,3425,3403,2776,3423,3407,3424,3406,3426],"class_list":["post-1156","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-matematik-odevleri","category-odevler","category-sosyal-bilgiler-odevleri","tag-astronomi","tag-el-kanun-fit-tib","tag-felsefe","tag-fizik","tag-ibni-sina-kimdir","tag-kimya","tag-matematik","tag-tip","tag-tip-kanunu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1156","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1156"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1156\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1156"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1156"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1156"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}