Volkanlar (Yanarda\u011flar) :
\n Ate\u015f k\u00fcredeki magman\u0131n birbirinden uzakla\u015fan levhalar aras\u0131nda olu\u015fan \u00e7atlaklardan veya zay\u0131f b\u00f6lgelerden yery\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 sonucu olu\u015fan y\u00fczey \u015fekline volkan veya yanarda\u011f denir.
\n \u2022 Volkanlar\u0131n alt\u0131nda magman\u0131n birikti\u011fi yere magma odas\u0131 denir.
\n \u2022 Magma odas\u0131 ile yanarda\u011f\u0131n y\u00fczeyi aras\u0131nda kalan magman\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kmak i\u00e7in izledi\u011fi yola kanal ya da baca denir.
\n \u2022 Magma magma odas\u0131nda birikir ve buradan baca yard\u0131m\u0131yla yery\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kar.
\n \u2022 Magman\u0131n yerkabu\u011fundan y\u00fckselerek y\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na yanarda\u011f p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmesi denir.
\n \u2022 Bacan\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcne a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere a\u011f\u0131z denir.
\n \u2022 Baca a\u011fz\u0131nda patlama sonucu lav\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 sonucu olu\u015fan derin \u00e7ukurlara krater denir. Boyutlar\u0131 ve derinli\u011fi \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck olan kraterlere kaldera denir.
\n \u2022 Yery\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kan magmaya lav denir. Lav\u0131n so\u011fumas\u0131yla volkanik (p\u00fcsk\u00fcr\u00fck = magmatik) kaya\u00e7lar olu\u015fur.
\n \u2022 Volkan olu\u015fumu s\u0131ras\u0131nda volkan bacas\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en magma kraterden d\u0131\u015far\u0131 p\u00fcsk\u00fcr\u00fcr. S\u0131cak ve ak\u0131\u015fkan olan lavlar da\u011f\u0131n yama\u00e7lar\u0131 boyunca akarken gaz toz k\u00fcl ve volkan bombas\u0131 (sert lav par\u00e7alar\u0131) gibi maddeler de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir bulut olu\u015fturur. Bu bulutun patlamas\u0131 ile k\u00fcl ve volkan bombalar\u0131 \u00e7ok y\u00fckseklere \u00e7\u0131kar.
\n \u2022 Etrafa da\u011f\u0131lan volkan gaz\u0131 buhar karbondioksit ve di\u011fer gaz ve tozlardan olu\u015fur (ve \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fck yumurta gibi kokar). (Patlaman\u0131n \u015fiddeti ile etrafa kara bulutlar \u00e7\u00f6ker).
\n \u2022 Volkanlardan \u00e7\u0131kan bu gaz toz ve k\u00fcl bulutu suyla kar\u0131\u015f\u0131rsa lahar denilen \u00e7amur ak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 (nehri) olu\u015fur.
\n \u2022 Bir yanarda\u011f\u0131n ne zaman patlayaca\u011f\u0131 kesin olarak belirlenemez. Volkan patlamalar\u0131 genellikle depremler s\u0131cak su kaynaklar\u0131 ve \u00e7amur kazanlar\u0131nda hareketler (ve gayzerler) gibi yer etkinlikleriyle beraber g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrler. P\u00fcsk\u00fcrmelerden \u00f6nce genellikle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u015fiddette depremler g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.
\na) S\u0131cak Nokta :
\n Volkanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu levha s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131ndaki levha hareketlerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olu\u015fmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen baz\u0131 volkanlar levha s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131ndan uzak b\u00f6lgelerde bas\u0131n\u00e7 etkisiyle olu\u015fur. Magman\u0131n yer kabu\u011funa uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bas\u0131n\u00e7 nedeniyle yery\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktalarda da volkanlar olu\u015fabilir.
\n Magman\u0131n yer kabu\u011funa uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bas\u0131n\u00e7 nedeniyle yery\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve volkanlar\u0131 olu\u015fturdu\u011fu s\u0131cak b\u00f6lgelere s\u0131cak noktalar denir.
\n Hawai adalar\u0131 halen s\u0131cak noktalar \u00fczerinde bulunup s\u0131cak nokta \u00fczerinde olu\u015fan volkanlara \u00f6rnektir.
\nb) Volkanik G\u00f6ller :
\n S\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f volkan kraterlerinin ya\u011f\u0131\u015flarla dolmas\u0131 sonucunda olu\u015fan g\u00f6llere volkanik g\u00f6ller denir. (Yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde pek \u00e7ok volkanik g\u00f6l vard\u0131r. Konya\u2019da bulunan Meke g\u00f6l\u00fc buna \u00f6rnektir.)
\n NOT : 1- Genellikle p\u00fcsk\u00fcren ya da yeni gaz \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131 veya beklenmedik deprem etkinli\u011fi gibi
\n hareketlilikler g\u00f6steren yanarda\u011flara etkin yanarda\u011flar denir.
\n Etkin olmayan ama her an hareketlenmesi ya da patlamas\u0131 muhtemel yanarda\u011flara uyuyan yanarda\u011flar denir.
\n Bir daha p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan yanarda\u011flara s\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f yanarda\u011flar denir.
\n Bir yanarda\u011f\u0131n ya\u015fam s\u00fcresi birka\u00e7 aydan birka\u00e7 milyon y\u0131la kadar de\u011fi\u015febilir. Bu t\u00fcr bir s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma yapmak insanlar\u0131n hatt\u00e2 bazen uygarl\u0131klar\u0131n bile varl\u0131k s\u00fcreleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda anlams\u0131z g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki yanarda\u011flar\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011fu ge\u00e7en birka\u00e7 biny\u0131lda bir\u00e7ok kez p\u00fcsk\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir ama g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde herhangi bir etkinlik g\u00f6stermemektedirler. Bu t\u00fcr yanarda\u011flar\u0131n uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7ok etkin olduklar\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir. Ancak bizim \u00f6m\u00fcrlerimiz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse etkin de\u011fildirler.
\n2- D\u00fcnyadaki Baz\u0131 Yanarda\u011flar :
\n \u2022 Etna (Sicilya \u0130talya)
\n \u2022 Kilauea (Havai ABD) \u2022 Krakatoa (Rakata Endonezya)
\n \u2022 Mauna Loa (Havai ABD) \u2022 Mauna Kea (Havai ABD)
\n \u2022 Mount Baker (Washington ABD) \u2022 Erebus Da\u011f\u0131 (Ross Adas\u0131 Antarktika)
\n \u2022 Mount Hood (Oregon ABD) \u2022Mount Fuji (Honshu Japonya)
\n \u2022 Mount Rainier (Washington ABD) \u2022 Mount Shasta (California ABD)
\n \u2022 St. Helens Da\u011f\u0131 (Washington ABD) \u2022 Novarupta (Alaska ABD)
\n \u2022 Popocat\u00e9petl (Meksiko Meksika) \u2022 Surtsey (Surtsey adas\u0131 \u0130zlanda)
\n \u2022 Santorini (Santorini adas\u0131 Yunanistan) \u2022Tambora (Sumbawa Endonezya)
\n \u2022 Teide (Tenerif Kanarya Adalar\u0131 \u0130spanya) \u2022Tungurahua (Ekvador)
\n \u2022 Vez\u00fcv (Napoli Koyu \u0130talya) \u2022 Llaima (\u015eili)
\n3- Evrendeki Baz\u0131 Yanarda\u011flar :
\nMars’taki yanarda\u011flar : \u2022 Olympus Mons
\n \u2022 Arsia Mons
\n \u2022 Pavonis Mons
\n \u2022 Ascraeus Mons<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Volkanlar (Yanarda\u011flar) : Ate\u015f k\u00fcredeki magman\u0131n birbirinden uzakla\u015fan levhalar aras\u0131nda olu\u015fan \u00e7atlaklardan veya zay\u0131f b\u00f6lgelerden yery\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 sonucu olu\u015fan y\u00fczey \u015fekline volkan veya yanarda\u011f denir. \u2022 Volkanlar\u0131n alt\u0131nda magman\u0131n birikti\u011fi yere magma odas\u0131 denir. \u2022 Magma odas\u0131 ile yanarda\u011f\u0131n y\u00fczeyi aras\u0131nda kalan magman\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kmak i\u00e7in izledi\u011fi yola kanal ya da baca denir. \u2022 Magma …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1403,1406],"tags":[3482,3483,3245,3480,3481],"class_list":["post-1179","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-odevler","category-sosyal-bilgiler-odevleri","tag-dunyadaki-bazi-yanardaglar","tag-evrendeki-bazi-yanardaglar","tag-volkanik-goller","tag-volkanlar","tag-yanardaglar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1179","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1179"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1179\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1179"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1179"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1179"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}