D\u00fcnyada enerji gereksiniminin %80\u2019i fosil yak\u0131tlardan (do\u011fal gaz, petrol, k\u00f6m\u00fcr) kar\u015f\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r. Ancak fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fi sorunlar\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle petrol ve do\u011fal gaz\u0131n bilinen rezervlerinin giderek azalmas\u0131 yeni ve temiz enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n \u0130nsan gereksinimlerinin kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131nda ve geli\u015fmenin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesinde gerekli olan enerji \u00f6zellikle sanayi, konut ve ula\u015ft\u0131rma gibi sekt\u00f6rlerde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ancak enerji; ya\u015fant\u0131m\u0131zdaki vazge\u00e7ilmez yararlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00fcretim, \u00e7evrim, iletim ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131m ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\/t\u00fcketim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda \u00e7evre kirlenmesine de yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. N\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131, sanayinin geli\u015fmesi-b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi do\u011frultusunda kurulan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli enerji \u00fcretim ve \u00e7evrim sistemleri y\u00f6resel ekolojik dengeyi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkiledikleri gibi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 a\u015fan olumsuz etkileri de beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu nedenle \u00e7evre sorunlar\u0131 ulusal oldu\u011fu kadar uluslar aras\u0131 boyutlar da ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Yine bu nedenle \u00e7evre sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 gidermek i\u00e7in, gerekli \u00f6nlemlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra uluslar aras\u0131 i\u015fbirli\u011fi, e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcm ve yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar gerekir.
\nEnerji Kaynaklar\u0131
\n Birincil enerji kaynaklar\u0131 kabaca 2 ba\u015fl\u0131kta toplanabilir.<\/p>\n
– Yenilenemeyen Enerji Kaynaklar\u0131:
\n Fosil yak\u0131tlar (k\u00f6m\u00fcr, petrol,, do\u011fal gaz) ve n\u00fckleer enerji kaynaklar\u0131
\n – Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklar\u0131
\n Odun, bitki art\u0131klar\u0131, tezek, biyo enerji, jeotermal enerji, g\u00fcne\u015f, r\u00fczgar, hidrolik be gel-git dalga enerji kaynaklar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Fosil kaynaklar (yak\u0131tlar) i\u00e7ersinde petrol\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 rezerve sahip olmas\u0131, petrol \u00fcretimin 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk \u00e7eyre\u011finden sonra azalan \u00fcretim ve artan fiyat nedeniyle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6sterece\u011fi, do\u011fal gaz\u0131 65-70 y\u0131l, petrol\u00fcn 45-50 y\u0131l kadar, k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn ise \u00e7ok daha uzun s\u00fcreler (160-170 y\u0131l) yetebilece\u011fi dikkate al\u0131n\u0131rsa, kirletici enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, k\u00f6m\u00fcr, yine de en \u00e7ok ve en uzun kullan\u0131lacak bir kaynak olaca\u011fa benzemektedir. Her \u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n t\u00fcketimi ile atmosferde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak kirlilik etkileri ise \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ve K\u00fcresel Is\u0131nmaya neden olacakt\u0131r. (Not: T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki linyitin y\u0131ll\u0131k 114 milyar kWh lik potansiyelinin % 20\u2019si kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.)<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnyada b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yenilenemeyen enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131l\u0131yor olmas\u0131, \u00e7evre sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle \u00e7evresel etkileri az olan yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131na y\u00f6neli\u015f her bak\u0131mdan olumludur. Ancak baz\u0131 teknik sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenebilmesi i\u00e7in bilgi birikimi ve zaman ihtiya\u00e7 var. D\u00fcnyadaki enerji gereksiniminin % 80\u2019i fosil yak\u0131tlardan kar\u015f\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r. Ancak fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu \u00e7evresel kirlili\u011fi sorunlar\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle petrol ve do\u011fal gaz\u0131n bilinen rezervlerinin giderek azalmas\u0131 yeni ve temiz enerji kaynaklar\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. G\u00fcne\u015f, r\u00fczgar, biyo k\u00fctle, biyogaz, biyo etanol, jeotermal vb. gibi yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131 bol ve temiz olmalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n her alanda son kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in istenen teknolojik d\u00fczey ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ta ekonomiklik hen\u00fcz tam olarak sa\u011flanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
2020\u2019li y\u0131llarda elektrik \u00fcretiminde;<\/p>\n
– Petrol\u00fcn pay\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131,
\n – K\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn % 30\u2019larda kalmas\u0131,
\n – Do\u011fal gaz pay\u0131n\u0131n ciddi \u015fekilde artmas\u0131,
\n – N\u00fckleer enerji pay\u0131n\u0131n % 12 olmas\u0131,
\n – Yenilenebilir enerji pay\u0131n\u0131n ise % 20 olmas\u0131 beklenmektedir.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yakla\u015f\u0131k % 17-19 d\u00fczeylerinde olan elektrik kay\u0131plar\u0131 AB \u00fclkelerinde % 7-9 civar\u0131nda olup, bu kadar kay\u0131p T\u00fcrkiye Enterkonnekte Elektrik A\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli sorunlar\u0131ndan biridir ve acilen iyile\u015ftirmeye gidilmelidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
D\u00fcnyada enerji gereksiniminin %80\u2019i fosil yak\u0131tlardan (do\u011fal gaz, petrol, k\u00f6m\u00fcr) kar\u015f\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r. Ancak fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fi sorunlar\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle petrol ve do\u011fal gaz\u0131n bilinen rezervlerinin giderek azalmas\u0131 yeni ve temiz enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130nsan gereksinimlerinin kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131nda ve geli\u015fmenin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesinde gerekli olan enerji \u00f6zellikle sanayi, konut ve ula\u015ft\u0131rma gibi …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[3503,3501,3502,3499,3498,3094,2730,3133,2208,2201,3134,3161,3500],"class_list":["post-1187","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-biyo-etanol","tag-biyo-kutle","tag-biyogaz","tag-dogal-gaz","tag-enerji-kaynaklari-ve-geri-donusum","tag-fosil","tag-gunes","tag-jeotermal","tag-komur","tag-petrol","tag-ruzgar","tag-yenilenebilir-enerji-kaynaklari","tag-yenilenemeyen-enerji-kaynaklari"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1187","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1187"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1187\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1187"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1187"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1187"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}