Atmosfer Bas\u0131nc\u0131<\/p>\n
Atmosferi olu\u015fturan gazlar\u0131n belli bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131r. Gazlar\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki cisimler \u00fczerine uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bas\u0131nca atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131 denir.<\/p>\n
Normal Hava Bas\u0131nc\u0131<\/p>\n
45\u00b0 enlemlerinde, deniz seviyesinde ve 15\u00b0C s\u0131cakl\u0131kta \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen bas\u0131nca normal hava bas\u0131nc\u0131 denir.<\/p>\n
\u2022 C\u0131va s\u00fctununun y\u00fcksekli\u011fi ile (normal bas\u0131n\u00e7 760 mm)
\n \u2022 C\u0131va s\u00fctununun a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile (normal bas\u0131n\u00e7 1033 gr)
\n \u2022 Kuvvet birimi ile (normal bas\u0131n\u00e7 1013 milibar) ifade edilir. <\/p>\n
Bas\u0131n\u00e7 barometre ile \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. C\u0131val\u0131 barometre, barograf, aneroid baramotre ve altimetre gibi \u00e7e\u015fitleri vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
C\u0131val\u0131 Barometre: \u00dcst\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131k bir kaba dald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, yukar\u0131 ucu kapal\u0131 bir cam borudur. Hava bas\u0131nc\u0131, boruyu dolduran c\u0131va s\u00fctununu dengede tutar. Hava bas\u0131nc\u0131 azal\u0131p \u00e7o\u011fald\u0131k\u00e7a c\u0131va s\u00fctunu da al\u00e7al\u0131p y\u00fckselir.<\/p>\n
C\u0131val\u0131 barometre camdan yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve hep d\u00fcz durmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi i\u00e7in her zaman kullan\u0131m\u0131 kolay de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n
Barograf: Bas\u0131nc\u0131 s\u00fcrekli kaydeden ve yaz\u0131c\u0131 ucu bulunan bir t\u00fcr madeni barometredir.<\/p>\n
Aneroid Barometre: Madeni barometredir. C\u0131val\u0131 barometrelerin kullan\u0131m alan\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve ta\u015f\u0131ma zorlu\u011fu nedeniyle geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Altimetre: Madeni barometrelerin bir \u00e7e\u015fididir. Y\u00fckseldik\u00e7e bas\u0131nc\u0131n azalmas\u0131 kural\u0131na dayan\u0131larak, y\u00fcksekliklerin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Etmenleri<\/p>\n
Hava bas\u0131nc\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli etmenler alt\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n
a) S\u0131cakl\u0131k (Termik Etken)
\n Bas\u0131nc\u0131 en \u00e7ok etkileyen etmen s\u0131cakl\u0131kt\u0131r. S\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck mevsimlik de\u011fi\u015fimine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak bas\u0131n\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fir. Is\u0131nan hava genle\u015ferek y\u00fckselir. Gazlar\u0131n seyrelmesi nedeniyle bas\u0131n\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015fer ve al\u00e7ak bas\u0131n\u00e7 alan\u0131 olu\u015fur. So\u011fuyan havada gaz molek\u00fclleri s\u0131k\u0131\u015farak a\u011f\u0131rla\u015f\u0131r. A\u011f\u0131rla\u015fan gazlar yery\u00fcz\u00fcne do\u011fru y\u0131\u011f\u0131l\u0131r ve y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 alan\u0131 olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n
b) Y\u00fckselti
\n Yery\u00fcz\u00fcnden y\u00fckseldik\u00e7e; Yer\u00e7ekimi ve atmosferdeki gazlar\u0131n miktar\u0131 azal\u0131r. Bunlara ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak bas\u0131n\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/p>\n
c) Hava Yo\u011funlu\u011fu (Dinamik Etken)
\n 1 m3 havan\u0131n i\u00e7erisindeki gazlar\u0131n miktar\u0131na hava yo\u011funlu\u011fu denir. Yo\u011funluk su buhar\u0131na ve toz zerreciklerine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/p>\n
\u2022 Yer\u00e7ekiminin azal\u0131p \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131,
\n \u2022 Havan\u0131n \u0131s\u0131n\u0131p so\u011fumas\u0131,
\n \u2022 Y\u00fckseltinin artmas\u0131,
\n \u2022 D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n ekseni \u00e7evresindeki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc,
\n \u2022 Hava yo\u011funlu\u011funun de\u011fi\u015fmesine neden olur.<\/p>\n
Hava yo\u011funlu\u011fu artt\u0131k\u00e7a bas\u0131n\u00e7 y\u00fckselir, yo\u011funluk azald\u0131k\u00e7a bas\u0131n\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/p>\n
d) Yer\u00e7ekimi
\n D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n geoid \u015fekli nedeniyle yer\u00e7ekiminin Ekvator\u2019dan kutuplara do\u011fru artmas\u0131, bas\u0131nc\u0131n kutuplarda y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenlerinden biridir.<\/p>\n
e) Mevsim
\n Mevsimlerin bas\u0131n\u00e7 \u00fczerindeki etkisi \u0131l\u0131man ku\u015fakta belirgindir. Yaz aylar\u0131nda \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n etkisiyle karalar al\u00e7ak bas\u0131n\u00e7, denizler ise y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 alan\u0131d\u0131r. K\u0131\u015f\u0131n ise denizler al\u00e7ak bas\u0131n\u00e7, karalar y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 alan\u0131d\u0131r. Bu durum s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bas\u0131n\u00e7 \u00fczerindeki etkisini kan\u0131tlar.<\/p>\n
f) D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcnl\u00fck Hareketi
\n D\u00fcnya, ekseni \u00e7evresinde d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in hava ak\u0131mlar\u0131 y\u00f6nlerinden sapar. Sapmalar sonucu 30\u00b0 enlemlerinde al\u00e7al\u0131c\u0131 hava hareketleri ile yo\u011funluk artt\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bas\u0131n\u00e7 y\u00fckselir ve dinamik y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 alan\u0131 olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n
60\u00b0 enlemlerinde ise bat\u0131 ve kutup r\u00fczgarlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r. Bu r\u00fczgarlar\u0131n birbirlerini iterek y\u00fckselmesiyle 60\u00b0 enlemlerinde gaz yo\u011funlu\u011fu azald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bas\u0131n\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015fer. B\u00f6ylece dinamik al\u00e7ak bas\u0131n\u00e7 alan\u0131 olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n
UYARI: D\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck hareketi sonucunda hava ak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n sapmas\u0131, dinamik bas\u0131n\u00e7 alanlar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n ekseni \u00e7evresindeki hareketine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak olu\u015fan bas\u0131n\u00e7lara dinamik bas\u0131n\u00e7 denir.<\/p>\n
Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Tiplerinin \u00d6zellikleri :<\/p>\n
1013 milibardan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan bas\u0131n\u00e7lara al\u00e7ak bas\u0131n\u00e7 (siklon) y\u00fcksek olanlara ise y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 (antisiklon) denir.<\/p>\n
Al\u00e7ak Bas\u0131n\u00e7 (Siklon) <\/p>\n
\u2022 Termik ve dinamik al\u00e7ak bas\u0131n\u00e7 merkezlerinde benzer hava hareketleri g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.
\n \u2022 Havan\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011fu azd\u0131r.
\n \u2022 Hava y\u00fckseltici bir hareket g\u00f6sterir.
\n \u2022 Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki hava hareketi \u00e7evreden merkeze do\u011frudur.
\n \u2022 Merkezden \u00e7evreye do\u011fru bas\u0131n\u00e7 artar.
\n \u2022 D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck hareketi nedeniyle hava ak\u0131mlar\u0131, Kuzey Yar\u0131m K\u00fcre\u2019de saat ibresinin tersi y\u00f6nde, G\u00fcney Yar\u0131m K\u00fcre\u2019de ise saat ibresi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde sapmaya u\u011frar.<\/p>\n
UYARI: Bas\u0131n\u00e7 fark\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu yerlerde, hava hareketi her zaman y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7tan al\u00e7ak bas\u0131nca do\u011frudur.<\/p>\n
\u2022 Termik al\u00e7ak bas\u0131nc\u0131n etkili oldu\u011fu alanlarda hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksektir.
\n \u2022 Dinamik al\u00e7ak bas\u0131nc\u0131n etkisi alt\u0131nda olan yerlerde s\u0131cakl\u0131k d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Y\u00fcksek Bas\u0131n\u00e7 (Antisiklon)<\/p>\n
\u2022 Termik ve dinamik y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 merkezlerinde benzer hava hareketleri g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.
\n \u2022 Havan\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011fu fazlad\u0131r.
\n \u2022 Hava al\u00e7al\u0131c\u0131 bir hareket g\u00f6sterir.
\n \u2022 Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki hava hareketi merkezden \u00e7evreye do\u011frudur.
\n \u2022 D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck hareketi nedeniyle hava ak\u0131mlar\u0131, Kuzey Yar\u0131m K\u00fcre\u2019de saat ibresi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde, G\u00fcney Yar\u0131m K\u00fcre\u2019de saat ibresinin tersi y\u00f6nde sapma g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n
UYARI: Bas\u0131n\u00e7 fark\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu yerlerde, hava hareketi her zaman y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7tan al\u00e7ak bas\u0131nca do\u011frudur.<\/p>\n
\u2022 Dinamik y\u00fcksek bas\u0131nc\u0131n etkili oldu\u011fu yerlerde hava s\u0131cak ve kurudur. Termik y\u00fcksek bas\u0131nc\u0131n etkili oldu\u011fu yerlerde ise hava so\u011fuk ve kurudur.<\/p>\n
Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Ku\u015faklar\u0131:<\/p>\n
Termik Al\u00e7ak Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 (Tropikal Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131) <\/p>\n
\u2022 Ekvator ve \u00e7evresinde s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak olu\u015fmu\u015ftur.
\n \u2022 S\u0131cakl\u0131k y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in s\u0131cak \u00e7ekirdekli siklon da denir.<\/p>\n
Dinamik Y\u00fcksek Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 (Subtropikal Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131)<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n ekseni \u00e7evresindeki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn r\u00fczgarlar \u00fczerinde olu\u015fturdu\u011fu sapma etkisiyle 30\u00b0 enlemleri \u00e7evresinde olu\u015fan bas\u0131n\u00e7 ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ku\u015fak Kuzey Yar\u0131m K\u00fcre\u2019de yaz aylar\u0131nda kuzeye, k\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131nda g\u00fcneye kayar. Al\u00e7al\u0131c\u0131 hava hareketlerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak havan\u0131n \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131 ve nem miktar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesi nedeniyle 30\u00b0 enlemleri \u00e7evresinde \u00e7\u00f6ller olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n
Dinamik Al\u00e7ak Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 (Subpolar Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131)<\/p>\n
60\u00b0 enlemlerinde kutup r\u00fczgarlar\u0131 ve bat\u0131 r\u00fczgarlar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 ile olu\u015fur. S\u0131cakl\u0131k d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in so\u011fuk \u00e7ekirdekli siklon da denir.<\/p>\n
K\u0131\u015f\u0131n kara ve denizlerin farkl\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nmalar\u0131 ayn\u0131 enlem \u00fczerinde farkl\u0131 bas\u0131n\u00e7 ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclmesini sa\u011flar. Bu nedenle k\u0131\u015f\u0131n karalar \u00fczerinde y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 olu\u015fmas\u0131 bu bas\u0131n\u00e7 ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kesintiye u\u011frat\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Termik Y\u00fcksek Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 (Polar Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131)<\/p>\n
Kutuplar \u00e7evresinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131k nedeniyle olu\u015fan, y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 alan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
UYARI: Bas\u0131n\u00e7 ku\u015faklar\u0131, Kuzey Yar\u0131m K\u00fcre\u2019de karalar \u00fczerinde kesintiye u\u011frar. G\u00fcney Yar\u0131m K\u00fcre\u2019de ise karalar\u0131n oran\u0131 \u00e7ok az oldu\u011fundan bas\u0131n\u00e7 ku\u015faklar\u0131 daha d\u00fczenli ve s\u00fcreklidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Atmosfer Bas\u0131nc\u0131 Atmosferi olu\u015fturan gazlar\u0131n belli bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131r. Gazlar\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki cisimler \u00fczerine uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bas\u0131nca atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131 denir. Normal Hava Bas\u0131nc\u0131 45\u00b0 enlemlerinde, deniz seviyesinde ve 15\u00b0C s\u0131cakl\u0131kta \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen bas\u0131nca normal hava bas\u0131nc\u0131 denir. \u2022 C\u0131va s\u00fctununun y\u00fcksekli\u011fi ile (normal bas\u0131n\u00e7 760 mm) \u2022 C\u0131va s\u00fctununun a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile (normal bas\u0131n\u00e7 1033 gr) \u2022 Kuvvet birimi …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1403,1406],"tags":[3683,3676,3672,3675,3674,2158,3677,3200,3682,2254,3686,3681,2887,3680,3673,3678,3684,3685,2752,3199,3679],"class_list":["post-1259","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-odevler","category-sosyal-bilgiler-odevleri","tag-alcak-basinc","tag-altimetre","tag-atmosfer-basinci","tag-barograf","tag-barometre","tag-basinc","tag-basinc-etmenleri","tag-basinc-kusaklari","tag-basinc-tiplerinin-ozellikleri","tag-civa","tag-dinamik-yuksek-basinc-kusagi","tag-dunyanin-gunluk-hareketi","tag-ekvator","tag-mevsim","tag-normal-hava-basinci","tag-sicaklik","tag-termik-alcak-basinc-kusagi","tag-tropikal-basinc-kusagi","tag-yercekimi","tag-yuksek-basinc","tag-yukselti"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1259","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1259"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1259\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1259"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1259"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1259"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}