\n Harita ya\u015fam\u0131n her alan\u0131nda yard\u0131mc\u0131 ara\u00e7lar olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bir kentin imar plan\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131, karayolu, demiryolu ya da k\u00f6pr\u00fc yap\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in en uygun yerin belirlenmesi, arkeoloji, co\u011frafya gibi bir\u00e7ok alanda ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda haritalardan yararlan\u0131l\u0131r. Haritalar konular\u0131na ve \u00f6l\u00e7eklerine g\u00f6re ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Konular\u0131na G\u00f6re Haritalar<\/p>\n
Konular\u0131na g\u00f6re haritalar, kullan\u0131m ama\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re genel haritalar ve \u00f6zel haritalar olarak ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Genel Haritalar <\/p>\n
Toplumun geni\u015f kesimi taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131labilen haritalard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Topo\u011frafya Haritalar\u0131<\/p>\n
\u0130zohips (e\u015f y\u00fckselti) e\u011frisi y\u00f6ntemi ile yap\u0131l\u0131r. Araziyi \u00f6l\u00e7ekleri oran\u0131nda ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 ile g\u00f6sterirler. \u00d6l\u00e7ekleri 1 \/ 20.000 ile 1 \/ 500.000 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fir. 1 \/ 20.000’den b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli olanlar kadastro i\u015flerinde ve askeri ama\u00e7larla kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu haritalardan \u00f6l\u00e7ek, uzunluk alan ve e\u011fim hesaplamada yararlan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
– Fiziki Haritalar<\/p>\n
Fiziki haritalar, yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn kabart\u0131 ve \u00e7ukurluklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren orta ya da b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli haritalard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Fiziki haritalar haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken e\u015f y\u00fckselti ve e\u015f derinlik e\u011frileri geni\u015f aral\u0131klarla ge\u00e7irilir. Bu aral\u0131klar \u00e7e\u015fitli renklerle boyan\u0131r. Y\u00fckseltiler genellikle ye\u015fil, sar\u0131 ve kahverenginin \u00e7e\u015fitli tonlar\u0131 ile, derinlikler ise a\u00e7\u0131ktan koyuya mavi rengin tonlar\u0131 ile g\u00f6sterilir.<\/p>\n
– Siyasi ve \u0130dari Haritalar<\/p>\n
Yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde veya bir k\u0131tada bulunan \u00fclkeleri, bir \u00fclkenin idari b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc, yerle\u015fim merkezlerini g\u00f6steren haritalard\u0131r. Bu haritalardan uzunluk ve alan bulmada yararlan\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak yer \u015fekilleri hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinilemez.<\/p>\n
– Duvar ve Atlas Haritalar\u0131<\/p>\n
E\u011fitim ve \u00f6\u011fretim amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik haritalard\u0131r. \u00d6l\u00e7ekleri 1 \/ 1.100.000’dan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr. D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc, k\u0131talar\u0131 veya \u00fclkeleri g\u00f6sterirler.<\/p>\n
\u00d6zel Haritalar <\/p>\n
Belirli bir konu i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f haritalard\u0131r. Bu haritalardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
– Araziden Yararlanma Haritalar\u0131<\/p>\n
Bir b\u00f6lgede arazinin nas\u0131l kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren haritalard\u0131r. Bu haritalar yard\u0131m\u0131yla ekili-dikili alanlar\u0131n, \u00e7ay\u0131r ve mera alanlar\u0131n\u0131n, orman alanlar\u0131n\u0131n, b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ile kayal\u0131k, batakl\u0131k gibi kullan\u0131lmayan alanlar hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinilir. Tar\u0131m\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fc ve tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri de bu haritalarda g\u00f6sterilir.<\/p>\n
– Ekonomi Haritalar\u0131<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn ya da bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ekonomik \u00f6zelliklerini g\u00f6steren haritalard\u0131r. Bu haritalar yard\u0131m\u0131yla end\u00fcstri kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fc, say\u0131s\u0131, da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinilir.<\/p>\n
– Hidrografya Haritalar\u0131<\/p>\n
Bir b\u00f6lgenin su potansiyeli (akarsular, g\u00f6ller, yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131, kaynaklar) hakk\u0131nda bilgi veren haritalard\u0131r. Bu haritalar yard\u0131m\u0131yla akarsular\u0131n drenaj tipi, ak\u0131m miktar\u0131, kanallar, g\u00f6l sular\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri, yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fc, kaynaklar\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131 ve verimlilik derecesi hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinilir.<\/p>\n
– \u0130zoterm Haritalar\u0131<\/p>\n
Bir b\u00f6lgede, e\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131ktaki noktalar\u0131 birle\u015ftiren e\u011friye izoterm denir.<\/p>\n
\u0130zotermler yard\u0131m\u0131yla \u00e7izilen izoterm haritalar\u0131ndan, bir b\u00f6lgedeki s\u0131cakl\u0131k da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinilir.<\/p>\n
S\u0131cakl\u0131k da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 daha iyi g\u00f6sterebilmek i\u00e7in, bu haritalar s\u0131cakl\u0131k basamaklar\u0131na uygun olarak renklendirilir. S\u0131cak yerler i\u00e7in k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n tonlar\u0131 so\u011fuk yerler i\u00e7in mavinin tonlar\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
– Jeomorfoloji Haritalar\u0131<\/p>\n
Bir b\u00f6lgedeki \u015fekillenme s\u00fcreci yani i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7lerin etkisiyle olu\u015fan yer \u015fekilleri hakk\u0131nda bilgi veren haritalard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu haritalarda faylar, yama\u00e7lar, vadi t\u00fcrleri, birikinti konileri, sekiler, ovalar ve daha bir \u00e7ok yer \u015fekli taranarak g\u00f6sterilir. Yer \u015fekillerinin kolay ay\u0131rt edilmesi amac\u0131yla bu haritalar renklendirilir.<\/p>\n
– N\u00fcfus Haritalar\u0131<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcnde ya da bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcndeki n\u00fcfusun da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikleri hakk\u0131nda bilgi veren haritalard\u0131r. Bu haritalarda n\u00fcfus da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 noktalama ile g\u00f6sterilir. N\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu haritalar\u0131 ise renklendirilir.<\/p>\n
– Toprak Haritalar\u0131<\/p>\n
Bir b\u00f6lgenin toprak \u00f6zellikleri ve da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015flar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi veren haritalard\u0131r. Bu haritalardan, yeti\u015ftirilecek \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin belirlenmesi, buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak topraklardan daha iyi verim al\u0131nabilmesi gibi bir \u00e7ok konuda yararlan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d6l\u00e7eklerine G\u00f6re Haritalar<\/p>\n
– B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00d6l\u00e7ekli Haritalar<\/p>\n
\u00d6l\u00e7ekleri 1 \/ 200.000’e kadar olan bu haritalarda :<\/p>\n
K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltme oran\u0131 azd\u0131r.
\n Ayr\u0131nt\u0131 fazlad\u0131r.
\n Birim d\u00fczlemde g\u00f6sterilen ger\u00e7ek alan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr.
\n E\u015fy\u00fckselti e\u011frileri aras\u0131ndaki y\u00fckselti fark\u0131 azd\u0131r.
\n Planlar ve topo\u011frafya haritalar\u0131 bu gruba girer.<\/p>\n
– Orta \u00d6l\u00e7ekli Haritalar<\/p>\n
\u00d6l\u00e7ekleri 1 \/ 200.000 ile 1 \/ 1.000.000 aras\u0131nda olan haritalard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli haritalar g\u00f6re daha azd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
– K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00d6l\u00e7ekli Haritalar<\/p>\n
\u00d6l\u00e7ekleri 1 \/ 1.000.000’dan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olan haritalarda;<\/p>\n
Ayr\u0131nt\u0131 en azd\u0131r.
\n K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltme oran\u0131 en fazlad\u0131r.
\n Birim d\u00fczlemde g\u00f6sterilen ger\u00e7ek alan b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr.
\n E\u015fy\u00fckselti e\u011frileri aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 fazlad\u0131r.
\n Duvar ve atlas haritalar\u0131 bu gruba girer<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Harita ya\u015fam\u0131n her alan\u0131nda yard\u0131mc\u0131 ara\u00e7lar olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bir kentin imar plan\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131, karayolu, demiryolu ya da k\u00f6pr\u00fc yap\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in en uygun yerin belirlenmesi, arkeoloji, co\u011frafya gibi bir\u00e7ok alanda ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda haritalardan yararlan\u0131l\u0131r. Haritalar konular\u0131na ve \u00f6l\u00e7eklerine g\u00f6re ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Konular\u0131na G\u00f6re Haritalar Konular\u0131na g\u00f6re haritalar, kullan\u0131m ama\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re genel haritalar ve \u00f6zel haritalar …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1403,1406],"tags":[3609,3765,3755,3757,3081,3753,3759,3751,3758,3087,3761,3762,3752,3766,3763,3756,3754,3086,3764,3760],"class_list":["post-1287","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-odevler","category-sosyal-bilgiler-odevleri","tag-akarsular","tag-buyuk-olcekli-haritalar","tag-duvar-ve-atlas-haritalari","tag-ekonomi-haritalari","tag-fiziki-haritalar","tag-genel-haritalar","tag-goller","tag-harita-turleri","tag-hidrografya-haritalari","tag-izohips","tag-izoterm-haritalari","tag-jeomorfoloji-haritalari","tag-konularina-gore-haritalar","tag-kucuk-olcekli-haritalar","tag-nufus-haritalari","tag-ozel-haritalar","tag-siyasi-ve-idari-haritalar","tag-topografya-haritalari","tag-toprak-haritalari","tag-yeralti-sulari"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1287","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1287"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1287\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1287"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1287"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1287"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}