KAPADOKYA’NIN KONUMU<\/p>\n
Roma \u0130mparatoru Augustus zaman\u0131nda Antik D\u00f6nemyazarlar\u0131ndan Strabon Kapadokya B\u00f6lgesi’nin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcneyde Toros Da\u011flar\u0131, bat\u0131da Aksaray, do\u011fuda Malatya ve kuzeyde Do\u011fu Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na kadar uzanan geni\u015f bir b\u00f6lge olarak belirtir. Bu g\u00fcnk\u00fc Kapadokya B\u00f6lgesi Nev\u015fehir, Aksaray, Ni\u011fde, Kayseri ve K\u0131r\u015fehir illerinin kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 aland\u0131r. Daha dar bir alan olan kayal\u0131k Kapadokya B\u00f6lgesi ise U\u00e7hisar, G\u00f6reme, Avanos, \u00dcrg\u00fcp, Derinkuyu, Kaymakl\u0131, Ihlara ve \u00e7evresinden ibarettir.<\/p>\n
VOLKANLARIN PATLAMASI VE JEOLOJ\u0130K OLU\u015eUM<\/p>\n
Kaya yap\u0131s\u0131:<\/p>\n
Kapadokya B\u00f6lgesi’ndeki Erciyes, Hasanda\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00f6ll\u00fcda\u011f jeolojik devirlerde aktif birer volkand\u0131. Bu volkanla birlikte di\u011fer \u00e7ok say\u0131daki volkanlar\u0131n p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmeleri \u00dcst Miyosen’de ( 10 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce) ba\u015flay\u0131p, holosen’e (G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze) kadar s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Neojen g\u00f6lleri alt\u0131ndaki yanarda\u011flardan \u00e7\u0131kan lavlar, platoda, g\u00f6ller ve akarsular \u00fczerinde 100-150m. kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda farkl\u0131 sertlikte t\u00fcf tabakas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Bu tabakan\u0131n b\u00fcnyesinde t\u00fcften ba\u015fka t\u00fcffit, ignimbirit t\u00fcf, lahar, volkan k\u00fcl\u00fc, kil, kumta\u015f\u0131, marn aglomera ve bazalt gibi jeolojik kaya\u00e7lar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ana volkanlardan p\u00fcsk\u00fcren maddelerle \u015fekillenen plato, \u015fiddeti daha az k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck volkanlar\u0131n p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmeleriyle s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dcst Pliosen’den ba\u015flayarak ba\u015fta K\u0131z\u0131l\u0131rmak olmak \u00fczere akarsu ve g\u00f6llerin bu t\u00fcf tabakas\u0131n\u0131 a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rmalar\u0131 nedeniyle b\u00f6lge bug\u00fcnk\u00fc halini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Peri bacalar\u0131 nas\u0131l olu\u015ftu:<\/p>\n
Vadi yama\u00e7lar\u0131ndan inen sel sular\u0131n\u0131n ve r\u00fczgar\u0131n, t\u00fcflerden olu\u015fan yap\u0131y\u0131 a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131yla “Peribacas\u0131” ad\u0131 verilen ilgin\u00e7 olu\u015fumlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nSel sular\u0131n\u0131n dik yama\u00e7larda kendine yol bulmas\u0131, sert kayalar\u0131n \u00e7atlamas\u0131na ve kopmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur.
\nAlt k\u0131s\u0131mlarda bulunan ve daha kolay a\u015f\u0131nan malzemenin derin bir \u015fekilde oyulmas\u0131 ile yama\u00e7 gerilemi\u015f, b\u00f6ylece \u00fcsy k\u0131s\u0131mlarda yer alan \u015fapka ile a\u015f\u0131nmadan korunan konik bi\u00e7imli g\u00f6vdeler ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.. Bu durum, peribacalar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumunda, r\u00fczgar etkisinden \u00e7ok yagmur sular\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczeydeki ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n daha \u00f6nemli oldugunu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Ya\u011fmur sular\u0131n\u0131n bu denli etkili ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc y\u00fczey ak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 olarak gelismesine ise en \u00f6nemli etken bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn azl\u0131g\u0131 ve t\u00fcflerin ge\u00e7irimsiz olmas\u0131d\u0131r.
\nDaha \u00e7ok Pa\u015faba\u011f\u0131 civar\u0131nda bulunan \u015fapkal\u0131 peribacalar\u0131 konik g\u00f6vdesi olup, tepe k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda bir kaya bloku bulunmaktad\u0131r. G\u00f6vde t\u00fcf, t\u00fcffit ve volkan k\u00fcl\u00fcnden olu\u015fmu\u015f kaya\u00e7tan; \u015fapka k\u0131sm\u0131 ise lahar ve ignimbirit gibi sert kaya\u00e7lardan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Yani \u015fapkay\u0131 olu\u015fturan kaya t\u00fcr\u00fc, g\u00f6vdeyi olu\u015fturan kaya toplulu\u011funa oranla daha dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu peribacas\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumu i\u00e7in ilk ko\u015fuldur. \u015eapkadaki kayan\u0131n direncine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, peribacalar\u0131 uzun veya k\u0131sa \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca \u015fapka kaya, zay\u0131f t\u00fcf\u00fcn erozyonunu geciktirerek peri bacalar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksekligini kontrol eder.
\nPeri bacalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7aplar\u0131 ise 1 m ile 15 m aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. \u00c7atlak aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 1 m’den k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olmas\u0131 veya 15 m’den b\u00fcy\u00fck olmas\u0131 durumunda ise peri bacas\u0131 geli\u015fimi g\u00f6zlenmemektedir.
\nKapadokya B\u00f6lgesi’nde erozyonun olu\u015fturdu\u011fu peribacas\u0131 tipleri; \u015fapkal\u0131, konili, mantar bi\u00e7imli, s\u00fctunlu ve sivri kayalard\u0131r. Peribacalar\u0131 en yo\u011fun \u015fekilde Avanos – U\u00e7hisar – \u00dcrg\u00fcp \u00fc\u00e7geni aras\u0131nda kalan vadilerde, \u00dcrg\u00fcp \u015eahinefendi aras\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lgede Nev\u015fehir \u00c7at kasabas\u0131 civar\u0131nda, Kayseri So\u011fanl\u0131 vadisinde ve Aksaray Selime k\u00f6y\u00fc civar\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r. Peribacalar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda vadi yama\u00e7lar\u0131nda ya\u011fmur sular\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu ilgin\u00e7 k\u0131vr\u0131mlar b\u00f6lgeye ayr\u0131 bir \u00f6zellik katmaktad\u0131r. Baz\u0131 yama\u00e7larda g\u00f6r\u00fclen renk armonisi lav tabakalar\u0131n\u0131n \u0131s\u0131 fark\u0131ndan dolay\u0131d\u0131r. Bu olu\u015fumlar U\u00e7hisar, \u00c7avu\u015fin, G\u00fcll\u00fcdere, G\u00f6reme, Meskendir, Ortahisar K\u0131z\u0131l\u00e7ukur ve Pancarl\u0131 vadilerinde g\u00f6zlenir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
KAPADOKYA’NIN KONUMU Roma \u0130mparatoru Augustus zaman\u0131nda Antik D\u00f6nemyazarlar\u0131ndan Strabon Kapadokya B\u00f6lgesi’nin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcneyde Toros Da\u011flar\u0131, bat\u0131da Aksaray, do\u011fuda Malatya ve kuzeyde Do\u011fu Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na kadar uzanan geni\u015f bir b\u00f6lge olarak belirtir. Bu g\u00fcnk\u00fc Kapadokya B\u00f6lgesi Nev\u015fehir, Aksaray, Ni\u011fde, Kayseri ve K\u0131r\u015fehir illerinin kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 aland\u0131r. Daha dar bir alan olan kayal\u0131k Kapadokya B\u00f6lgesi ise U\u00e7hisar, G\u00f6reme, …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1403,1406],"tags":[4172,4171,4170,4177,4174,4169,4175,4176,4173],"class_list":["post-1470","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-odevler","category-sosyal-bilgiler-odevleri","tag-avanos","tag-goreme","tag-kapadokya","tag-nevsehir","tag-peri-bacalari-nasil-olustu","tag-peribacalarinin-olusumu","tag-tuf","tag-tuffit","tag-urgup"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1470","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1470"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1470\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1470"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1470"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1470"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}