D\u00dcNYANIN \u015eEKL\u0130 VE SONU\u00c7LARI
\nD\u00fcnyam\u0131z Samanyolu Galaksisi’ndeki y\u0131ld\u0131z sistemlerinde bulunan gezegenlerde yer al\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn gezegenler elips \u015feklinde bir y\u00f6r\u00fcngede hareket ederler.<\/p>\n
AY VE \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130
\n Ay d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131n 1\/50\u2019si kadard\u0131r. Bu sebeple Ayda yer\u00e7ekimi azd\u0131r (d\u00fcnyadakinin 1\/6\u2019s\u0131 kadard\u0131r).
\n Ayda hava ve su yoktur. Meteorolojik olay (iklim) g\u00f6r\u00fclmez. Meteorlar do\u011frudan ay y\u00fczeyine d\u00fc\u015fer. Sonu\u00e7ta b\u00fcy\u00fck krater \u00e7ukurluklar\u0131 olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. G\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131k fark\u0131 fazlad\u0131r. Bu sebeple mekanik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclme fazlad\u0131r. Canl\u0131 hayat\u0131 yoktur. \u0130\u00e7 \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015ftir. Bundan dolay\u0131 volkanik olay g\u00f6r\u00fclmez.<\/p>\n
AYIN HAREKETLER\u0130
\n 1) Kendi ekseni \u00e7evresindeki hareketi
\n 2) D\u00fcnya \u00e7evresindeki hareketi
\n 3) D\u00fcnya ile birlikte g\u00fcne\u015f \u00e7evresindeki hareketi<\/p>\n
Ay hem kendi hem de d\u00fcnya \u00e7evresindeki bir turunu ayn\u0131 s\u00fcrede (29,5 g\u00fcn) tamamlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u00fcnyadan ay\u0131n s\u00fcrekli ayn\u0131 y\u00fczeyi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Ay g\u00fcn\u00fc: D\u00fcnyadaki herhangi bir meridyenin ard arda iki kez Ay\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndan ge\u00e7inceye kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcredir. Bu s\u00fcre 24 saat 50 dakikad\u0131r.
\nG\u00fcne\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc: 24 saattir.<\/p>\n
Ay g\u00fcn\u00fc ile g\u00fcne\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc aras\u0131ndaki zaman fark\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 bir yerde Ay her g\u00fcn bir \u00f6nceki g\u00fcne g\u00f6re daha ge\u00e7 g\u00f6zlenir ve gel-git olay\u0131 daha ge\u00e7 olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n
AYIN EVRELER\u0130
\n Ay\u0131n ayd\u0131nl\u0131k y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fcnyadan g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde bir ay boyunca meydana gelen de\u011fi\u015fikliklerdir.<\/p>\n
Yeniay ve dolunay evrelerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck gel-git ya\u015fan\u0131r. Sebebi d\u00fcnya, ay ve g\u00fcne\u015fin ayn\u0131 do\u011frultuda olmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lk ve son d\u00f6rd\u00fcnde ise k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck gel-git ya\u015fan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcne\u015f tutulmas\u0131, Ay\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f ile D\u00fcnya aras\u0131na girmesi ve baz\u0131 \u00f6zel ko\u015fullar\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131neticesinde meydana gelir.Tutulman\u0131n olabilmesi i\u00e7in, Ay\u0131n, D\u00fcnya etraf\u0131ndaki y\u00f6r\u00fcngesiyle D\u00fcnyan\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f etraf\u0131ndaki y\u00f6r\u00fcngesinin kesi\u015fim yerlerini belirleyen d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm noktalar\u0131nda veya bu noktalar civar\u0131nda (Yeniay safhas\u0131nda) bulunmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n
Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere bir y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde Ay, D\u00fcnya etraf\u0131nda 12 kez dolan\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, e\u011fer Ay\u0131n y\u00f6r\u00fcnge d\u00fczlemi D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131nkiyle \u00e7ak\u0131\u015f\u0131k olsayd\u0131, bir y\u0131lda 12 kez G\u00fcne\u015f tutulmas\u0131 meydana gelebilirdi. Fakat durum b\u00f6yle de\u011fildir. Ay\u0131n y\u00f6r\u00fcnge d\u00fczlemi ileD\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131nki aras\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 5\u00b0 9\u2019 l\u0131k bir a\u00e7\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu a\u00e7\u0131 nedeniyle D\u00fcnya, Ay ve G\u00fcne\u015f, Ay\u0131n D\u00fcnya etraf\u0131ndaki her dolan\u0131m\u0131nda tam olarak ayn\u0131 do\u011frultuda bulunmazlar. B\u00f6ylece her ay bir G\u00fcne\u015f tutulmas\u0131 olu\u015fmas\u0131 engellenmi\u015f olur. Nitekim bir y\u0131lda en az iki, en \u00e7okbe\u015f G\u00fcne\u015ftutulmas\u0131 meydana gelebilir.<\/p>\n
Ay d\u00fcnya etraf\u0131ndaki y\u00f6r\u00fcngesini tamamlarken, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00fcne\u015f ve ay aras\u0131nda kalmas\u0131na neden olabilir. Bu durumda ay y\u00fczeyine d\u00fc\u015fen g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 d\u00fcnya taraf\u0131ndan engellenmi\u015f olur. Karanl\u0131kta kalan ay k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli de olsa d\u00fcnyadan g\u00f6zlenemez bu olaya ay tutulmas\u0131 ad\u0131 verilir. Bulutsuz bir gecede \u00e7\u0131plak g\u00f6zle rahatl\u0131kla fark edilebilen bu olay, g\u00fcne\u015f tutulmas\u0131na g\u00f6re, d\u00fcnya y\u00fczeyinde daha geni\u015f bir alandan g\u00f6zlenebilir. Ay tutulmas\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnya y\u00fczeyinden g\u00f6zlenebildi\u011fi alan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan 24\u00ba kadar fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
D\u00dcNYANIN \u015eEKL\u0130 VE SONU\u00c7LARI
\n D\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131n Ekvatorda \u015fi\u015fkin, Kutuplarda bas\u0131k olan kendine has \u015feklineGEO\u0130D denir.<\/p>\n
D\u00dcNYANIN BOYUTLARI
\nEkvator \u00e7evresi: 40.076 km
\nKutuplar \u00e7evresi: 40.009 km
\nEkvator yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131: 6378 km
\nKutuplar yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131: 6357 km
\nKaralar y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc:149 milyon km2(%29)
\nDenizler y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc: 361 milyon km2(%71)
\nKYK\u2019de karalar %39 denizler %61
\nGYK\u2019de ise karalar %19 denizler %81 dir.<\/p>\n
D\u00dcNYANIN \u015eEKL\u0130N\u0130N SONU\u00c7LARI
\nEkvatorun uzunlu\u011fu tam dairelik bir meridyenin uzunlu\u011fundan fazlad\u0131r.
\nParalellerin uzunlu\u011fu kutuplara do\u011fru azal\u0131r.
\n\u0130ki meridyen aras\u0131ndaki uzakl\u0131k kutuplara do\u011fru azal\u0131r.
\nG\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 kutuplara do\u011fru azal\u0131r.
\nYer \u015fekilleri haritaya ger\u00e7e\u011fe tam uygun olarak aktar\u0131lamaz.
\nAyn\u0131 anda D\u00fcnyan\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131 ayd\u0131nl\u0131k (g\u00fcnd\u00fcz) yar\u0131s\u0131 karanl\u0131k (gece) olur.
\nD\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7izgisel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 kutuplara do\u011fru azal\u0131r.
\nYer \u00e7ekimi kutuplara do\u011fru artar.<\/p>\n
D\u00dcNYANIN HAREKETLER\u0130 VE SONU\u00c7LARI
\nGece g\u00fcnd\u00fcz olay\u0131 ardalan\u0131r (birbirini takip eder).
\nG\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcn her saatine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir.
\nYerel saat farklar\u0131 olu\u015fur.
\nG\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131k farklar\u0131 olu\u015fur. Buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak meltem r\u00fczgarlar\u0131 olu\u015fur. Mekanik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclme olur.
\nS\u00fcrekli r\u00fczgarlar\u0131n esme y\u00f6n\u00fcnde sapmalar olur.
\nDinamik bas\u0131n\u00e7 merkezleri olu\u015fur. Y\u00f6nler belirlenir. Fotosentez meydana gelir.<\/p>\n
D\u00dcNYANIN EKSEN\u0130 \u00c7EVRES\u0130NDE D\u00d6N\u00dc\u015e\u00dcNDE DO\u011eAN HIZLAR
\n 1) \u00c7\u0130ZG\u0130SEL HIZ VE SONU\u00c7LARI (Enleme ba\u011fl\u0131)
\n\u00c7izgisel h\u0131z en fazla Ekvator \u00fczerindedir (1670 km\/h) . Bu h\u0131z kutuplara do\u011fru azal\u0131r. Bunun sonucunda;
\nG\u00fcne\u015fin do\u011fu\u015f ve bat\u0131\u015f s\u00fcresi kutuplara do\u011fru uzar.
\nGece g\u00fcnd\u00fcz aras\u0131ndaki fark kutuplara do\u011fru artar.
\nAtmosferin kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ekvatorda fazla, kutuplarda azd\u0131r.
\nEkvatorda yer\u00e7ekimi az, kutuplarda fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
2) A\u00c7ISAL HIZ VE SONU\u00c7LARI (Boylama ba\u011fl\u0131)
\n D\u00fcnyan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131sal h\u0131z\u0131;
\n 24 saatte: 360\u00b0
\n 1 saatte : 15\u00b0
\n 4 dakikada :1\u00b0 dir.
\n A\u00e7\u0131sal h\u0131z her enlemde ayn\u0131d\u0131r. A\u00e7\u0131sal h\u0131z sonucunda yerel saat farklar\u0131 olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n
D\u00dcNYANIN YILLIK HAREKET\u0130 VE SONU\u00c7LARI
\n D\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00fcne\u015f \u00e7evresinde d\u00f6nerken izledi\u011fi yola y\u00f6r\u00fcnge, meydana getirdi\u011fi d\u00fczleme de y\u00f6r\u00fcnge d\u00fczlemi (ekliptik d\u00fczlem) denir. D\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131n y\u00f6r\u00fcngesi elips bi\u00e7imindedir.<\/p>\n
EL\u0130PS B\u0130\u00c7\u0130M\u0130NDEK\u0130 Y\u00d6R\u00dcNGEN\u0130N SONU\u00c7LARI
\n D\u00fcnyam\u0131z g\u00fcne\u015fe bazen yakla\u015f\u0131r, bazen g\u00fcne\u015ften uzakla\u015f\u0131r. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00fcne\u015fe en yak\u0131n oldu\u011fu tarih 3 ocakt\u0131r. En uzakta oldu\u011fu tarih ise 4 temmuzdur.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya g\u00fcne\u015fe yakla\u015f\u0131nca g\u00fcne\u015fin \u00e7ekim kuvveti artar. B\u00f6ylece d\u00fcnya g\u00fcne\u015f \u00e7evresinde daha h\u0131zl\u0131 d\u00f6nmeye ba\u015flar. Sonu\u00e7ta \u015fubat ay\u0131 28 g\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Yani K.Y.K \u2018de k\u0131\u015f mevsimi iki g\u00fcn k\u0131sa olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya g\u00fcne\u015ften uzakla\u015f\u0131nca \u00e7ekim kuvveti ve h\u0131z azal\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7ta yaz mevsimi K.Y.K.\u2019de iki g\u00fcn daha uzun olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
K\u0131sacas\u0131 elipsoid y\u00f6r\u00fcnge mevsim s\u00fcrelerinin farkl\u0131 olmas\u0131nda etkilidir. D\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131n y\u00f6r\u00fcngesi daire bi\u00e7iminde olsayd\u0131; mevsim s\u00fcreleri birbirine e\u015fit olacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n
EKSEN E\u011e\u0130KL\u0130\u011e\u0130 VE SONU\u00c7LARI
\n (Ekvator d\u00fczlemi ile ekliptik aras\u0131nda 23\u00b027′ , yer ekseni ile ekliptik aras\u0131nda 66\u00b033′ a\u00e7\u0131 olmas\u0131)<\/p>\n
D\u00f6nenceler meydana gelir. D\u00f6nence: kuzey ve g\u00fcney yar\u0131m k\u00fcrelerde g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n en son dik geldi\u011fi noktalara denir.<\/p>\n
Matematik iklim ku\u015faklar\u0131 olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 y\u0131l boyunca de\u011fi\u015fir. G\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde d\u00f6nencelere birer kez, d\u00f6nenceler aras\u0131na da iki\u015fer kez dik a\u00e7\u0131yla d\u00fc\u015ferler. D\u00f6nenceler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir yere g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 dik olarak d\u00fc\u015fmez.<\/p>\n
Mevsimler olu\u015fur. D\u00f6rt mevsimin tek ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ku\u015fak \u0131l\u0131man ku\u015fakt\u0131r. Sebebi: g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131nda y\u0131l boyunca de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fin fazla olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ayn\u0131 tarihlerde kuzey ve g\u00fcney yar\u0131mk\u00fcrelerde farkl\u0131 mevsim ya\u015fanmas\u0131.<\/p>\n
Gece g\u00fcnd\u00fcz uzunlu\u011funun s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fmesi.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcne\u015fin do\u011fu\u015f ve bat\u0131\u015f konumu ile saatinin de\u011fi\u015fmesi.<\/p>\n
Muson r\u00fczgarlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131.<\/p>\n
Ayd\u0131nlanma dairesinin s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fmesi.<\/p>\n
Kutup b\u00f6lgelerinde 24 saatten uzun gece ve g\u00fcnd\u00fczlerin olu\u015fmas\u0131. \u00d6rnek: Kutup noktalar\u0131nda 6 ay g\u00fcnd\u00fcz, 6 ay gece ya\u015fanmas\u0131.<\/p>\n
D\u00f6nence ve matematik iklim ku\u015faklar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131nda sadece eksen e\u011fikli\u011fi etkilidir. Di\u011ferlerinin olu\u015fmas\u0131nda eksen e\u011fikli\u011fi ile birlikte y\u0131ll\u0131k hareketin de etkisi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
EKSEN E\u011e\u0130KL\u0130\u011e\u0130 OLMASAYDI (Ekvator d\u00fczlemi ile ekliptik \u00fcst \u00fcste \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fsayd\u0131 veya yer ekseni eklipti\u011fi dik olarak kesseydi)
\nD\u00f6nenceler olu\u015fmazd\u0131.
\nMevsim de\u011fi\u015fmesi olmazd\u0131.
\nG\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 sadece Ekvatora dik gelirdi.
\nAyd\u0131nlanma dairesi s\u00fcrekli kutup noktalar\u0131na te\u011fet ge\u00e7erdi.
\nGece g\u00fcnd\u00fcz s\u00fcreleri birbirine e\u015fit olurdu.
\nG\u00fcne\u015fin do\u011fu\u015f-bat\u0131\u015f konumu ve saati de\u011fi\u015fmezdi.<\/p>\n
EKSEN E\u011e\u0130KL\u0130\u011e\u0130 20\u00b0OLSAYDI:
\nG\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n dik geldi\u011fi alan daral\u0131rd\u0131.
\nKutup ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ve tropikal ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131n alanlar\u0131 daral\u0131rken, \u0131l\u0131man ku\u015fak geni\u015flerdi.
\nYurdumuzda yazlar daha serin, k\u0131\u015flar daha \u0131l\u0131k olurdu.
\nKutup ve \u0131l\u0131man ku\u015fakta s\u0131cakl\u0131k ortalamas\u0131 azal\u0131rken tropikal ku\u015fakta s\u0131cakl\u0131k ortalamas\u0131 artard\u0131.
\nGece-g\u00fcnd\u00fcz aras\u0131ndaki zaman fark\u0131 azal\u0131rd\u0131.
\nEksen e\u011fikli\u011finin 23\u00b027′ dan daha b\u00fcy\u00fck olmas\u0131 durumunda yukar\u0131dakilerin tam tersi bir durum ya\u015fan\u0131rd\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
D\u00dcNYANIN \u015eEKL\u0130 VE SONU\u00c7LARI D\u00fcnyam\u0131z Samanyolu Galaksisi’ndeki y\u0131ld\u0131z sistemlerinde bulunan gezegenlerde yer al\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn gezegenler elips \u015feklinde bir y\u00f6r\u00fcngede hareket ederler. AY VE \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 Ay d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131n 1\/50\u2019si kadard\u0131r. Bu sebeple Ayda yer\u00e7ekimi azd\u0131r (d\u00fcnyadakinin 1\/6\u2019s\u0131 kadard\u0131r). Ayda hava ve su yoktur. Meteorolojik olay (iklim) g\u00f6r\u00fclmez. Meteorlar do\u011frudan ay y\u00fczeyine d\u00fc\u015fer. Sonu\u00e7ta b\u00fcy\u00fck krater \u00e7ukurluklar\u0131 olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1403,1406],"tags":[2844,2978,4268,2107,3767,2730,2979,2843,2925,4267,2977,4266],"class_list":["post-1506","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-odevler","category-sosyal-bilgiler-odevleri","tag-ay","tag-ay-gunu","tag-donenceler","tag-dunya","tag-dunyanin-sekli-ve-sonuclari","tag-gunes","tag-gunes-gunu","tag-gunes-tutulmasi","tag-iklim","tag-matematik-iklim-kusaklari","tag-meteoroloji","tag-volkanik-olay"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1506","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1506"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1506\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1506"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1506"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1506"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}