\u00d6nemli Ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 Bulunan Elementler <\/p>\n
Bak\u0131r (Cu)<\/p>\n
Bak\u0131r, \u00f6nemli ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funun bile\u015fimine girer. De\u011ferli madenlerle kar\u0131\u015farak , onlara, renk ve parlakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bozmaks\u0131z\u0131n sertlik ve ince k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 bile koruma \u00f6zelli\u011fi verir.
\nBronzlar (tun\u00e7lar); Bak\u0131r, kalay ile \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli olan tun\u00e7lar\u0131 te\u015fkil eder. Toplar\u0131n tuncu dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir. \u00c7anlar\u0131n tuncu, top tuncuna g\u00f6re kalay\u0131n daha \u00e7ok oranda bulundu\u011fu tun\u00e7tur. Bu tun\u00e7 k\u0131r\u0131labilir, fakat \u00e7ok t\u0131nlar.
\nBak\u0131r al\u00fcminyum ile \u00e7ok sert bir tun\u00e7 meydana getirir. Silisli ve fosforlu tun\u00e7lar da vard\u0131r.
\nBak\u0131r, \u00e7inko ile pirinci olu\u015fturur. \u00c7inko ve nikel ile de mayekor (taklit g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f\u00fc) yapar.<\/p>\n
\u00c7inko (Zn)<\/p>\n
\u00c7inko, daima ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 halinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. En \u00f6nemli ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 pirin\u00e7, bronz ve beyaz metaldir. Pirin\u00e7; \u00e7inko ve bak\u0131r ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 olup, ala\u015f\u0131mda bu iki metalin oranlar\u0131 \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fiktir. Fakat en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan tipinde bak\u0131r %60, \u00e7inko %40 oran\u0131nda bulunur. Bronz; Bak\u0131r ve kalay ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 olup, bir miktar \u00e7inko ilave edilir. Beyaz metal; \u00e7inko bak\u0131r,al\u00fcminyum ve magnezyum metalleri kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan ibaret bir ala\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. Son zamanlarda, otomobil end\u00fcstrisinde karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r, yak\u0131t pompas\u0131, radyat\u00f6r, kap\u0131 kollar\u0131 v.b. gibi par\u00e7alar\u0131 yapmakta \u00e7ok kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n\u00c7inkonun ikinci derecede \u00f6nemli bir ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 Alman g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f\u00fcd\u00fcr. (Yeni g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f). Bile\u015fimi; bak\u0131r, nikel ve \u00e7inko metallerinden ibarettir. Ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fle ilgisi olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fe benzedi\u011fi i\u00e7in bu isim verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Al\u00fcminyum <\/p>\n
Al\u00fcminyum tun\u00e7lar\u0131, ekonomi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, elektrik f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131nda 70 kg bak\u0131r ile 40 kg korenden veya boksitle k\u00f6m\u00fcr par\u00e7alar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m \u0131s\u0131t\u0131larak yap\u0131l\u0131r; al\u00fcmin Al2O3 indirgenir. Karbon monoksit \u00e7\u0131kar ve %14 al\u00fcminyumu bulunan bir ala\u015f\u0131m elde edilir. Bu ala\u015f\u0131m yeter miktarda bak\u0131r ile beraber eritilirse, tun\u00e7tan daha \u00e7ok dayan\u0131kl\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131mlar elde edilir.
\nDemirli al\u00fcminyum; i\u015flemde bak\u0131r yerine font konularak, %90 demir ve %10 al\u00fcminyumu bulunan demirli al\u00fcminyum (Ferro-Al\u00fcminium) elde edilir. Bu ala\u015f\u0131m demir veya \u00e7eli\u011fi ar\u0131tmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. 10 k\u0131s\u0131m al\u00fcminyum ve 90 k\u0131s\u0131m bak\u0131rdan ibaret ala\u015f\u0131mlar al\u00fcminyum tuncunu yapar; bu ala\u015f\u0131m alt\u0131n parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve demirin sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 haizdir. Bu ala\u015f\u0131m, 1 kg bak\u0131r ve 1 kg \u00e7inko ile beraber tekrar edilirse adi pirin\u00e7ten daha sa\u011flam ve daha sert al\u00fcminyum pirinci meydana gelir. Al\u00fcminyum pirinci nikel ile beraber tekrar eritilirse, gayet dayan\u0131kl\u0131 ve kolayl\u0131kla kal\u0131ba d\u00f6k\u00fclebilir bir yeni ala\u015f\u0131m meydana gelir. 10 k\u0131s\u0131m kalay ve 100 k\u0131s\u0131m al\u00fcminyumdan ibaret ala\u015f\u0131m, al\u00fcminyumun renk ve bir dereceye kadar hafifli\u011fini korur. Daha kolay ,i\u015flenir. Al\u00fcminyumu lehimler.
\nSilimin: %86 al\u00fcminyum ve %14 silisyumdan ibarettir. Bunlardan ba\u015fka dural\u00fcminyum, magnalyum ve elektron ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 da vard\u0131r.
\nAl\u00fcminyumun g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f, alt\u0131n ile olan ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 da ziynet yapmakta kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Kur\u015fun (Pb)<\/p>\n
Kur\u015fun ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 yapmada maksat, sert, sert oldu\u011fu kadar esnek ve k\u0131r\u0131lmaya kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131, erime noktalar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir metal kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 elde etmektir. Bunlar aras\u0131nda en \u00f6nemlileri;
\nLehim; Erime noktas\u0131 182oC olan bu ala\u015f\u0131m %40 kur\u015fun, %60 kalaydan olu\u015fur.
\nKur\u015fun-antimon ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131: Bile\u015fimi: %13-25 kur\u015fun, %75-87 antimondur. \u00c7ok sert olup k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131klar\u0131 biraz fazlad\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7lara dayanamazlar. Bu k\u00f6t\u00fc \u00f6zelli\u011fi ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kar\u0131\u015f\u0131ma bir miktar kalay ilave edilir. \u00d6rnek; %73 kur\u015fun, %15 antimon ve %12 kalaydan ibaret ala\u015f\u0131mdan matbaa harfleri yap\u0131l\u0131r. Sert ve bas\u0131nca dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r.
\nEn \u00d6nemli Ala\u015f\u0131mlar
\n \u015eimdi burada baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli ala\u015f\u0131mlar incelenecektir.
\nBak\u0131r ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131
\n Bak\u0131r + Kalay \u00ae Tun\u00e7
\n Bak\u0131r + \u00c7inko \u00ae Pirin\u00e7
\n Bak\u0131r + \u00c7inko + Nikel \u00ae Mayakor
\n Bak\u0131r + \u00c7inko + Kalay \u00ae Teknik eserler tuncu
\n Bak\u0131r + Al\u00fcminyum \u00ae Fen ayg\u0131tlar\u0131nda, deniz valfleri, pervaneler, d\u00fcmenler.
\nAlt\u0131n, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f ve alt\u0131n, bak\u0131r ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131
\n Alt\u0131n + G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f \u00ae Ye\u015fil alt\u0131n
\n Alt\u0131n + G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f \u00ae Solmu\u015f yaprak alt\u0131n\u0131
\n Alt\u0131n + G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f \u00ae Su ye\u015fili alt\u0131n\u0131
\n Alt\u0131n + G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f + Bak\u0131r \u00ae Roz alt\u0131n\u0131
\n Alt\u0131n + G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f + Bak\u0131r \u00ae Sar\u0131, \u00e7ok beyaz, de\u011ferli \u0130ngiliz alt\u0131n\u0131
\n Kur\u015fun ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131
\nKur\u015fun + Kalay \u00ae Lehim
\n Kur\u015fun + Arsenik \u00ae Sa\u00e7ma ve mermi
\n Kur\u015fun + Antimon + Kalay \u00ae Matbaa harfleri
\nDemir ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131
\nKrom + Demir \u00ae Tel-silindir yataklar\u0131
\n Demir + Nikel \u00ae Fen aletleri
\n Demir + Nikel \u00ae Ampul teli
\n Demir + Molibden \u00ae Y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcmde
\n Demir + Volfram \u00ae Par\u00e7a d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fcnde (tungsten \u00e7eli\u011fi)
\n Demirin fosforlu, karbonlu, silisyumlu, \u00e7elikleri de \u00f6nemli ala\u015f\u0131mlardand\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00d6nemli Ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 Bulunan Elementler Bak\u0131r (Cu) Bak\u0131r, \u00f6nemli ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funun bile\u015fimine girer. De\u011ferli madenlerle kar\u0131\u015farak , onlara, renk ve parlakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bozmaks\u0131z\u0131n sertlik ve ince k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 bile koruma \u00f6zelli\u011fi verir. Bronzlar (tun\u00e7lar); Bak\u0131r, kalay ile \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli olan tun\u00e7lar\u0131 te\u015fkil eder. Toplar\u0131n tuncu dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir. \u00c7anlar\u0131n tuncu, top tuncuna g\u00f6re kalay\u0131n daha \u00e7ok oranda bulundu\u011fu …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[2258,2256,2257,5053,5052,2259,5051,3602],"class_list":["post-1976","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-aluminyum","tag-bakir","tag-cinko","tag-en-onemli-alasimlar","tag-erime-noktalari","tag-kursun","tag-onemli-alasimlari-bulunan-elementler","tag-silisyum"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1976","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1976"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1976\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1976"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1976"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1976"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}