Grafit, yumu\u015fak, ya\u011fl\u0131, ka\u011f\u0131tta iz b\u0131rakan, siyah renkli bir kat\u0131 maddedir. Grafit, ya\u011f haline getirilip makinelerde, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan par\u00e7alar\u0131n birbirine s\u00fcrt\u00fcn\u00fcrken a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak ya da engellemek amac\u0131yla ya\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Kur\u015fun kalemlerin i\u00e7indeki u\u00e7 da, i\u00e7ine kil kat\u0131larak biraz sertle\u015ftirilmi\u015f grafittir. Grafitin elde edildi\u011fi ba\u015fl\u0131ca yerler Sri Lanka, Sibirya, Kuzey Amerika Meksika ve Avusturya’d\u0131r. Grafit yapay olarak da haz\u0131rlanabilir; bunun i\u00e7in kokk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda i\u015flenmesi gerekir. Grafit \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klara dayanabilir, ayr\u0131ca \u00e7ok iyi bir elektrik iletkenidir. Bu nedenle, \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r makinesi ve elektrikli s\u00fcp\u00fcrge gibi ayg\u0131tlardaki elektrik motorlar\u0131n\u0131n f\u0131r\u00e7alar\u0131 grafitten yap\u0131l\u0131r. Son d\u00f6nemlerde, uzay kaps\u00fcllerinin \u0131s\u0131 kalkanlar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131nda da grafitten yararlan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Hem elmas, hem de grafit kristal yap\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r, ama kristalleri farkl\u0131 bi\u00e7imlerdedir. Ayn\u0131 maddenin de\u011fi\u015fik kristal bi\u00e7imlerine allotrop denir; allotrop s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fik bi\u00e7im anlam\u0131nda Yunanca iki s\u00f6zc\u00fckten gelir. Elmas ve grafit, karbonun allotroplar\u0131d\u0131r. Elmasta her karbon atomu, d\u00f6rt ba\u015fka karbon atomuna ba\u011flanarak \u00fc\u00e7 boyutlu kat\u0131 bir yap\u0131 olu\u015fturur; grafitte ise karbon atomlar\u0131, \u00fcst \u00fcste y\u0131\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f geni\u015f, yass\u0131 levhalar olu\u015fturacak bi\u00e7imde, iki boyutlu d\u00fczlemde birbirlerine ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu levhalar birbirlerinin \u00fczerinden kolayca kayar; grafitin iyi bir ya\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 olma \u00f6zelli\u011fi de bundan kaynaklan\u0131r. Grafitin ka\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde iz b\u0131rakmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni de, bu ince atom levhalar\u0131n\u0131n grafitten ayr\u0131larak ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131n \u00fczerinde birikmesidir. Karbonun \u00f6teki bi\u00e7imlerinin, belirgin, kendilerine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir yap\u0131s\u0131 ya da bi\u00e7imi yoktur. Grafitin d\u00fczlemsel yap\u0131s\u0131na grafin denir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Grafit, yumu\u015fak, ya\u011fl\u0131, ka\u011f\u0131tta iz b\u0131rakan, siyah renkli bir kat\u0131 maddedir. Grafit, ya\u011f haline getirilip makinelerde, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan par\u00e7alar\u0131n birbirine s\u00fcrt\u00fcn\u00fcrken a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak ya da engellemek amac\u0131yla ya\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Kur\u015fun kalemlerin i\u00e7indeki u\u00e7 da, i\u00e7ine kil kat\u0131larak biraz sertle\u015ftirilmi\u015f grafittir. Grafitin elde edildi\u011fi ba\u015fl\u0131ca yerler Sri Lanka, Sibirya, Kuzey Amerika Meksika ve Avusturya’d\u0131r. Grafit yapay …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[5087,5085,5086,2247],"class_list":["post-1993","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-elmas","tag-grafit","tag-grafit-nedir","tag-karbon"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1993","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1993"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1993\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1993"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1993"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1993"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}