Silis minerallerinden akikin bir t\u00fcr\u00fc olan oniks yar\u0131 de\u011ferli bir ta\u015ft\u0131r. Akik, kalsedon ya da kad\u0131k\u00f6yta\u015f\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan geni\u015f bir mineraller grubunun \u00fcyesidir. Karneliyen ve helyotrop (kanta\u015f\u0131) gibi de\u011ferli ta\u015flar\u0131 da i\u00e7eren kalse-donlar \u00f6zellikle m\u00fccevher yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Oniksi \u00f6b\u00fcr kalsedon t\u00fcrlerinden ay\u0131rt eden \u00f6zelli\u011fi, birbirini izleyen siyah ve beyaz renkli \u015feritleri olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131n kahverengi ya da k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u015feritli t\u00fcr\u00fcne ise sardoniks denir.
\nBu ilgin\u00e7 renkli \u015feritli yap\u0131s\u0131 nedeniyle oniks \u00e7ok eski zamanlardan beri kuyumculukta ve vazo gibi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck s\u00fcs e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7o\u011fu kez oyularak i\u015flenir. \u0130ki t\u00fcr oyma m\u00fccevher vard\u0131r; bunlar oyman\u0131n yap\u0131l\u0131\u015f tarz\u0131na g\u00f6re adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Ka-may\u00f6 ya da karne denen t\u00fcrde, ta\u015f\u0131n zemini oyulur ve desen ya da fig\u00fcr ta\u015f\u0131n y\u00fczeyinde bir kabartma halinde kal\u0131r; intaglio denen t\u00fcrde ise bu i\u015flemin tam tersi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir ve desen ya da fig\u00fcr oyularak haz\u0131rlan\u0131r. Oniks daha \u00e7ok kamay\u00f6 yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc, oniksteki iki renk oymac\u0131ya, bunlar\u0131n birinden motifte, \u00f6tekinden ise zeminde yararlanma olana\u011f\u0131n\u0131 verir. Kamay\u00f6lerin \u00e7o\u011fu bro\u015flarda (tak\u0131 i\u011fne) kullan\u0131l\u0131r. En nitelikli oniksler Hindistan ve G\u00fcney Amerika’da \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r.
\nBenzer g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc nedeniyle zaman zaman oniksle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan bir kalsit (kristal yap\u0131l\u0131 kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131) t\u00fcr\u00fc vard\u0131r. “Oniks mermeri” denen bu malzeme \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck cisimlerin yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Eski M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131lar, Yunanl\u0131lar ve Romal\u0131lar tap\u0131naklar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131nda oniks mermerinden de yararlanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Pek \u00e7ok \u0130slam \u00fclkesinde s\u00fctunlar\u0131 bu malzemeden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f camiler bulunur. Cezayir, Fas ve M\u0131s\u0131r’da zengin oniks mermeri yataklar\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Oniks veya Damarl\u0131 Akik (\u0130ngilizce kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan Onyx de s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131l\u0131r), yar\u0131 de\u011ferli bir ta\u015f t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Oniks ismi Asur dilinde “y\u00fcz\u00fck, halka” anlam\u0131na gelen s\u00f6zc\u00fckten t\u00fcremi\u015ftir. Kuvars’\u0131n kriptokristalin bir t\u00fcr\u00fc olan oniks, farkl\u0131 renklerde bir\u00e7ok katmana sahip olan bir ta\u015ft\u0131r. Katmanlar\u0131n renkleri olduk\u00e7a de\u011fi\u015fkendir ve beyazdan siyaha kadar bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 renkte olabilir. Bir oniks t\u00fcr\u00fc olan Sardoniks (Sardonyx) ise renkli \u015feritler k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n tonlar\u0131d\u0131r. Saf siyah oniks pek yayg\u0131n bulunsa da renkli oniksler kadar yayg\u0131n bulunmaz. Bazen kalsit gibi farkl\u0131 ta\u015flara da hatal\u0131 bir \u015fekilde oniks dendi\u011fi olmu\u015ftur. Oysa \u00f6rne\u011fin kalsit, onikse oranla \u00e7ok daha yumu\u015fakt\u0131r ve daha yayg\u0131n bulunur. Kimyasal formul\u00fc SiO2, silikon dioksit, olan oniksin Mohs skalas\u0131na g\u00f6re sertli\u011fi 7’dir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Silis minerallerinden akikin bir t\u00fcr\u00fc olan oniks yar\u0131 de\u011ferli bir ta\u015ft\u0131r. Akik, kalsedon ya da kad\u0131k\u00f6yta\u015f\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan geni\u015f bir mineraller grubunun \u00fcyesidir. Karneliyen ve helyotrop (kanta\u015f\u0131) gibi de\u011ferli ta\u015flar\u0131 da i\u00e7eren kalse-donlar \u00f6zellikle m\u00fccevher yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Oniksi \u00f6b\u00fcr kalsedon t\u00fcrlerinden ay\u0131rt eden \u00f6zelli\u011fi, birbirini izleyen siyah ve beyaz renkli \u015feritleri olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131n kahverengi …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[5255,5258,5260,5259,3089,5257,5252,5253,5256,5254],"class_list":["post-2101","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-akik","tag-cezayir","tag-damarli-akik","tag-fas-ve-misir","tag-mineral","tag-mucevher","tag-oniks","tag-oniks-nedir","tag-sardoniks","tag-silis"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2101","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2101"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2101\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2101"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2101"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}