{"id":2210,"date":"2011-08-10T16:17:16","date_gmt":"2011-08-10T13:17:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/\/?p=2210"},"modified":"2011-08-10T16:17:16","modified_gmt":"2011-08-10T13:17:16","slug":"madencilik-terimleri-sozlugu-8-k","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/madencilik-terimleri-sozlugu-8-k\/","title":{"rendered":"Madencilik terimleri s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 8 (K)"},"content":{"rendered":"

K<\/p>\n

KABAK D\u0130REK, Tavan ve taban aras\u0131na vurulan tek direk. Vuruldu\u011fu yerin sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re ba\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131na takoz, dip k\u0131sm\u0131na da yast\u0131k konabilir. KABA KIRMA.
\n KABA YONU, Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde, ta\u015fy\u00fczlerinin imal\u00e2t y\u00fczeyine paralel y\u00fczeyde tamamen ve ta\u015fyanlar\u0131n\u0131n 3-5 cm derinlikte \u00e7eki\u00e7, mur\u00e7 ve keski ile i\u015flenmesi.
\n KABARCIKLI D\u00dcZE\u00c7
\n KABARMA, 1) Su veya bas\u0131nc\u0131n etkisiyle kaya\u00e7lar\u0131n olduklar\u0131 yerde hacimsel olarak b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi. 2) Kaya\u00e7lar\u0131n tabii konumlar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra yani gev\u015fetildikleri zaman meydana gelen hacim artmas\u0131.
\n KABARTMALI CAM, D\u00f6kme demirden bir masa \u00fczerine d\u00f6k\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fve demire yap\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in aradan maden\u00ee bir levha ge\u00e7irilirken y\u00fczeyi p\u00fcrt\u00fckl\u00fc bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm kazanm\u0131\u015fcam.
\n KABLO, \u2014> \u00c7elik halat.
\n KABLOLU SONDAJ, 1) Tak\u0131m dizisi balta (matkap), \u00e7elik tij, darbe borular\u0131 ve halattan olu\u015fan sondaj metodu. Y\u00fckselme-d\u00fc\u015fme hareketiyle kuyu dibini d\u00f6verek matkap, formasyonu par\u00e7alar. Tak\u0131m kuyudan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, k\u0131r\u0131nt\u0131lar sondaj kovas\u0131yla (bailer) al\u0131n\u0131r. Kuyuya su gelmesi ve c\u0131darlar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 muhafaza borusuyla \u00f6nlenir; muhafaza borular\u0131 \u00e7imentolan\u0131r. Bu durumda kuyu ilerlemesine bir k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7apla devam edilir. Kuyu \u00e7ap\u0131 70-80 cm olabilir ve derine inilecek sondajlarda kuyunun ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \u00e7ap\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck se\u00e7ilir. 2) Churn-drilling.
\n KA\u00c7AK, 1) Zaiyat. 2) Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava, su veya elektri\u011fin kontrol d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kayb\u0131. 3) Sondajda devridaim suyu veya \u00e7amurun kuyu i\u00e7inden geri d\u00f6nmeyip formasyon \u00e7atlaklar\u0131ndan kaybolmas\u0131.
\n KABARMA KATSAYISI, 1) Tabii yerinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015folan toprak, kaya\u00e7, cevher veya k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn kaz\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonraki hacminin ilk durumundaki hacmine oran\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren say\u0131. 2) Kaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fm3\/yerinde m3 (hacim oran\u0131). Bu oran her zaman 1\u2019den b\u00fcy\u00fck olup, kaz\u0131lan malzemenin cinsine g\u00f6re; kum 1,15; toprak 1,20; kil, \u00e7ok sert toprak 1,35-1,40; sert k\u00f6m\u00fcr 1,5-1,8; \u015fist 1,65 ve gre de 1,8 civar\u0131ndad\u0131r.
\n KA\u00c7AK YOLU, 1) Grizu, yang\u0131n vb. tehlike hallerinde, insanlar\u0131 taze hava ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yere ula\u015ft\u0131ran yol. Ka\u00e7ak yoluna 45 dk. ile en \u00e7ok 90 dk. sonra ula\u015f\u0131labilmelidir. Bu zaman, uzun ayak, galeri ve k\u00f6r kuyudaki ka\u00e7\u0131\u015fh\u0131z\u0131na; yat\u0131m, damar kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ge\u00e7i\u015fyollar\u0131n\u0131n kesit boyutlar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Ka\u00e7ak yolu y\u00fcr\u00fcmesi kolay ve bak\u0131ml\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. 2) Ka\u00e7amak yol. 3) Nefeslik.
\n KADASTRO, 1) Arazilerin, arsalar\u0131n yerini, alan\u0131n\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 belirtip pl\u00e2na ba\u011flama i\u015fi. 2) Ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar\u0131n \u015feklini, i\u00e7eri\u011fini ve hukuki durumunu belirlemek i\u00e7in d\u00fczenlenen sicillerin ve yap\u0131lan i\u015flerin t\u00fcm\u00fc.
\n KADEME, 1) Dekapajda kullan\u0131lan i\u015fmakinelerinin teknik \u00f6zellikleri ile arazinin fiziksel ve jeolojik yap\u0131s\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak belirlenen y\u00fckseklikte yatay dilimler. 2) \u0130stihsale haz\u0131rlanan mermer basama\u011f\u0131. 3) Ayna taban\u0131. 4) \u2014> Basamak.
\n KADEME BOYU, A\u00e7\u0131m i\u015fletmede maden yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n durumuna, s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na ve pano boylar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00f6rt\u00fc kaz\u0131 ve \u00fcretim sahan kademelerin uzunlu\u011fu. \u2014> \u015eekil, Pano boyu, Pano, Basamak.
\n KADEMEL\u0130 MATKAP, \u00d6nceden a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015fbir k\u0131lavuz sondaj deli\u011fi yard\u0131m\u0131yla delik \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fctmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan yard\u0131mc\u0131 bir veya birka\u00e7 kademesi bulunan \u00f6zel maktap. Bu matkap sondaj kuyular\u0131n\u0131n taranarak geni\u015fletilmesi, ocaklarda kuyu, kelebe ve ba\u015fyukar\u0131lar\u0131n nihai \u00e7apa getirilmesi i\u015flerinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n KADM\u0130YUM, Kimyasal sembol\u00fc Cd, atom a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 112,40, \u00f6zg\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 8,65 gr\/cm3, ergime noktas\u0131 321\u00bdC olan g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fbeyaz\u0131 renginde metal. Tabiatta hemen tamamen \u00e7inko ile birlikte bulunur.
\n KADM\u0130YUM SPES\u0130F\u0130KASYONLARI, Ticarette i\u015flem g\u00f6ren kadmiyum metalinin standartlara g\u00f6re belirlenmi\u015fmuhteva oranlar\u0131. Ticari kadmiyum % 99,95 ile % 99,9999 aras\u0131nda bir safiyettedir. Kaplamac\u0131l\u0131kta kullan\u0131lan kadmiyumun genellikle en \u00e7ok: 0,015 Pb ve % 0,033 Zn ihtiva etmesi istenir. ASTM B440-76\u2019ya g\u00f6re standart kadmiyum metalinde, metal Cd d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, en \u00e7ok Zn % 0,034; Cu % 0,015; Pb % 0,025; Sn % 0,01; Ag % 0,01; Sb % 0,001; As % 0,003; Te % 0,003 olmas\u0131 gerekir.
\n KADRAN, 1) Saat, pusula vb. \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc aletleri i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirilen ve \u00fczerinde yaz\u0131, rakam ya da ba\u015fka i\u015faretler bulunan, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc aletinin \u015fekline genellikle uyan d\u00fcz sat\u0131h. 2) 10 x 10 cm. kesitinde bi\u00e7ilmi\u015fkalas.
\n KAFA, B\u00fct\u00fcn boyutlar\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k ayn\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte olan de\u011fi\u015fik geometrik \u015fekillerdeki mostra vermi\u015fmaden yata\u011f\u0131 tipi.
\n KAFALA, Doldurma hakk\u0131n\u0131n iyi hesaplanmamas\u0131 veya yerle\u015ftirmenin do\u011fru yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 sonucunda patlay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n patlat\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra la\u011f\u0131m deli\u011fi dibinde olu\u015fan \u00e7ukur.
\n KAFES, Dikey maden kuyular\u0131nda insan, malzeme ve vagon (araba) nakliyat\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan tek veya daha fazla katl\u0131 \u00e7elik konstr\u00fcksiyonlu kabin.
\n KAG\u0130R (K\u00c2RG\u0130R) \u0130N\u015eAAT, Ta\u015fveya tu\u011fladan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fin\u015faat.
\n KAG\u0130R TAHK\u0130MAT, Ta\u015fya da tu\u011fladan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ftahkimat.
\n KA\u0130DE KONGLOMERASI, 1) Taban konglomeras\u0131. 2) Jeolojik periyodlar\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7lar\u0131nda olu\u015fmu\u015f, bir bak\u0131ma periyodlar\u0131n taban\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil eden ve oturduklar\u0131 zemin ile diskordans olu\u015fturan konglomera serisi.
\n KALAM\u0130N , 1) Oksitlenmi\u015f\u00e7inko cevheri (eski deyim). 2) Hemimorfit [ Zn4 Si2 O7 (OH)2 H2O] 3) Avrupada smitsonit\u2019e eski d\u00f6nemlerden kalan al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131kla kalamin de denir.
\n KALAS, Kal\u0131n bi\u00e7ilmi\u015fuzun tahta.
\n KALAY, Kimyasal sembolu \u201cSn\u201d, atom a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 118,70; \u00f6zg\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 7,28 gr\/cm3 olan kimyasal element. Metal olarak elde edildikten sonra yumu\u015fak, beyaz ve kristalin olur ve normal s\u0131-cakl\u0131kta b\u00fck\u00fcl\u00fcr; \u0131s\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda k\u0131r\u0131lganla\u015f\u0131r. \u2014> Standart tip kalay. Y\u00fcksek kalite tip kalay.
\n KALDO Y\u00d6NTEM\u0130, Boliden (\u0130sve\u00e7) firmas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen; Kaldo \u00e7elik-yap\u0131m prosesine dayanan, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta ikincil bak\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u015flemeyi ama\u00e7layan ancak sonralar\u0131 \u00f6ncellikle kur\u015fun \u00fcretiminde faaliyet g\u00f6steren pirometalurjik prensiplere dayal\u0131 izabe y\u00f6ntemi. Bu y\u00f6ntemde; f\u0131r\u0131ndaki su so\u011futmal\u0131 bir \u00e7ubuk ile s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ve iyi \u0131s\u0131 transferi vermek \u00fczere d\u00f6nen bir tank kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve \u00fcstten \u00fcflemeli d\u00f6ner konverterler gibidir.
\n KALEM, 1)Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde 20-30 cm boyunda yass\u0131 ve keskin u\u00e7lu \u00e7elik ta\u015fi\u015fleme aleti. 2) Yazmak veya \u00e7izmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan, \u00e7e\u015fitli bi\u00e7imde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtasiye m\u00e2lzemesi.
\n KALEML\u0130, \u2014> Tarakl\u0131.
\n KALFA, 1) Yeti\u015fme a\u015famas\u0131 \u00e7\u0131rakla usta aras\u0131nda olan (i\u015f\u00e7i) zanaat\u00e7\u0131. 2) Usta yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131.
\n KALINLIK, Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde, ta\u015f\u0131n oturdu\u011fu y\u00fczey ile bu y\u00fczeye paralel olan ve ta\u015f\u0131n en \u00fcst noktas\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en y\u00fczey aras\u0131ndaki y\u00fckseklik.
\n KALIN KES\u0130TL\u0130 \u00c7UBUKLAR, \u2014> Uzun hadde \u00fcr\u00fcnleri.
\n KAL\u0130BRASYON, Bir im\u00e2lat\u0131n, cihaz\u0131n veya tart\u0131 aletinin olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi \u015fekil, bi\u00e7im, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc veya yap\u0131da olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlama ve de\u011filse; d\u00fczeltme i\u015flemi.
\n KAL\u0130F\u0130YE \u0130\u015e\u00c7\u0130, Yeti\u015fmi\u015f, zanaatinde \u00f6nemli bir ilerleme kaydetmi\u015fve beceri kazanm\u0131\u015fi\u015f\u00e7i.
\n KAL\u0130TEL\u0130 \u00c7EL\u0130K, Her t\u00fcrl\u00fc d\u00f6vme ve makine imalat sanayiinde kullan\u0131lmaya uygun; kimyasal, fiziksel ve metalurjik \u00f6zellikleri garanti edilebilen ve bu garantiyi vermek \u00fczere ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan t\u00fcm g\u00fcvenilir muayene, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm ve deneyleri yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015folan, m\u00fc\u015fteri talebi \u00fczerine, ilgili izlenebilir d\u00f6k\u00fcmanlar\u0131 sunulabilen karbonlu-, orta ve y\u00fcksek ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7elik mamulleri. Kaliteli \u00e7elikler kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00fc\u00e7 grupta de\u011ferlendirilir. a) Ala\u015f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00e7elikler: Genel makine yap\u0131m \u00e7elikleri, Tak\u0131m \u00e7elikleri, Asal \u00e7elikler. b) Az ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7elikler: Genel makine yap\u0131m \u00e7elikleri, Elektrodluk, Halatl\u0131k ve Tellik \u00e7elikler, Civata \u00e7elikleri, Tak\u0131m \u00e7elikler, Yayl\u0131k \u00e7elikler. c) Y\u00fcksek ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7elikler: \u00d6zel yap\u0131 \u00e7elikleri, paslanmaz \u00e7elikler, Is\u0131ya dayanakl\u0131 \u00e7elikler, Tak\u0131m \u00e7elikleri, c\u0131vatal\u0131k \u00e7elikler.
\n KALKARON\u0130 USUL\u00dc, K\u00fck\u00fcrt maden yata\u011f\u0131ndan k\u00fctleler halinde \u00fcretilen cevherin; yak\u0131t\u0131 az olan b\u00f6lgelerde y\u0131\u011f\u0131l\u0131p ate\u015flenmesi suretiyle k\u0131smen yanan k\u00fck\u00fcrd\u00fcn verdi\u011fi \u0131s\u0131 ile di\u011fer k\u0131sm\u0131n ergiyip akmas\u0131yla yap\u0131lan k\u00fck\u00fcrt \u00fcretimi.\u2014> \u015eekil, Fra\u015fmetodu.
\n \u00dcretilen k\u00fck\u00fcrt cevherinden k\u00fck\u00fcrd\u00fcn izabehanede elde edilmesi ise, \u00fcretilen cevherin b\u00fcy\u00fck potalara konulup potan\u0131n alttan \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131, k\u00fck\u00fcrd\u00fcn kaynay\u0131p buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve k\u00fck\u00fcrt buhar\u0131n\u0131n so\u011futulmu\u015fdi\u011fer potalarda yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yoluyla yap\u0131l\u0131r (\u2014> \u015eekil) ve daha sonra ar\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r.
\n K\u00fck\u00fcrt buharlar\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131 hale ge\u00e7meden yo\u011funla\u015facak olursa ince bir toz elde edilirki buna \u201c k\u00fck\u00fcrt \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi \u201c denir. E\u011fer buharlar yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131rken s\u0131v\u0131 hale gelirse bu s\u0131v\u0131 \u0131slak tahtsa kal\u0131plara \u00e7ubuk \u015feklinde d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr. Buna da \u201c \u00e7ubuk k\u00fck\u00fcrt \u201c denir.
\n KALKER, \u2014> Kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131.
\n KALKER T\u00dcF\u00dc , Pamukta\u015f. Fazla miktarda kalsiyum karbonat\u0131 havi yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131 kaynak halinde d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131 zaman CO2\u2019nin u\u00e7mas\u0131 ile kalsiyum karbonat\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6kelmesinden olu\u015fan kaya\u00e7lar. Bunlardan t\u00fcfler delikli, pamukta\u015flar ise nisbeten daha kompakt olur, bu t\u00fcr su kaynaklar\u0131na \u201cTa\u015fyap\u0131c\u0131 kaynaklar\u201d da denir, \u2014> Mermer cisleri , Traverten.
\n KALOR\u0130METRE, Kat\u0131 veya s\u0131v\u0131 yak\u0131tlar\u0131n kalorifik de\u011ferlerini tayin etmeye yarayan cihaz. Kalorimetrenin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibi, yak\u0131t numunesinin d\u0131\u015fa kar\u015f\u0131 yal\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015fkapal\u0131 bir kapta yak\u0131larak kab\u0131n d\u0131\u015ftaraf\u0131nda bulunan suyun \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n tesbiti ile kalorifik de\u011feri bulma esas\u0131na dayan\u0131r.
\n KALSEDON, Kesif, kriptokristalli, \u0131\u015f\u0131nsal g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcml\u00fc \u015feffaf, beyaz veya renkli ve esas unsuru SiO2 olan, \u00f6nemli miktarda \u00e7\u00f6rt ihtiva eden mineral. Genellikle bazalt i\u00e7indeki bo\u015fluklarda bulunur. Bir t\u00fcr ziynet ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131r; akik\u2019in malzemesini te\u015fkil eder.
\n KALS\u0130NASYON, 1) Cevherin b\u00fcnye-sindeki kristal suyu ve CO2\u2019in cevherden veya kaya\u00e7tan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u015flemi. Cevherin b\u00fcnyesindeki suyu uzakla\u015f-t\u0131rmak i\u00e7in 300\u00bdC, CO2\u2019i uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in de 600-800\u00bdC \u0131s\u0131tma gerekir. 2) Kire\u00e7 ta\u015f\u0131ndan s\u00f6nmemi\u015fkire\u00e7 elde edilmesi (kire\u00e7 yakma).
\n KALS\u0130NE DOLOM\u0130T, \u2014> Dolomit.
\n KALS\u0130NE MANYEZ\u0130T, Manyezit veya magnezyum hidroksitin d\u00f6ner ve dikey f\u0131r\u0131nlarda, 900\u00bdC-1100\u00bdC aras\u0131nda bir \u0131s\u0131da kavrulmas\u0131 suretiyle elde edilen MgO terkibindeki \u00fcr\u00fcn. Bu proseste genel olarak ton ba\u015f\u0131na 75-100 kWh elektrik enerjisi veya 250-300 kg fuel-oil t\u00fcketilir.
\n KALS\u0130NE \u015eAP, \u2014> \u015eap.
\n KALS\u0130T (Ca CO3), \u00c7ok de\u011fi\u015fik kristal \u015fekilli, \u00e7e\u015fitlilik arzeden ve ekseriya tedrici olarak dolomit haline gelen, kalkerler i\u00e7inde b\u00fcy\u00fck kitleler, kaya\u00e7 kovuklar\u0131nda veya \u00e7atlaklar\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kristaller halinde bulunan sertli\u011fi 3 ve \u00f6zg\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 2,7 gr\/cm3 olan bir damar minerali. Nadir bulunan \u015feffaf kalsit kristallerine \u0130zlanda spat\u0131, ikiz uzun ve sivri u\u00e7lu olan krsitallere \u201cK\u00f6pek di\u015fi kalsit\u201d, ma\u011faralarda damlayan sudan olu\u015fan kalsit kristallerine \u201cSark\u0131t ve Dikit\u201c ad\u0131 verilir.
\n Kalsit saf iken bazan saydam, genellikle opak ve ekseriya beyazd\u0131r. Kat\u0131\u015f\u0131klar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden sar\u0131, portakal, kahverengi ve ye\u015fil renkli tonlarda da olur. \u0130lk kez 17. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u0130zlanda\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131ndan elde edilen \u0130zlanda spat\u0131, Nikol ve Ahrens prizmalar\u0131 gibi \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 kutuplayan prizmalarda ve mikroskoplarda, polariskoplarda ve \u00f6teki optik ayg\u0131tlarda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Beyaz mermer, traverten, t\u00fcf, tebe\u015fir, albatr (s\u00fcs e\u015fyas\u0131 yapmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan sert, bandl\u0131 bir nevi traverten), oniks (bir nevi albatr olup, daha berrak ve yar\u0131 saydam olan\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7irir \u2014> Oniks mermeri), Satin spat (kalsitin lifli ve ipek g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc olan\u0131.)
\n Kalsit, asit i\u00e7inde CO2 kabarc\u0131klar\u0131 meydana getirerek erir. \u2014> Aragonit.
\n KAMA, 1) A\u011fa\u00e7 veya madeni ba\u011flar\u0131n arkas\u0131n\u0131 peki\u015ftirmek ve tahkimat\u0131n normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan, testere ile ortas\u0131ndan (ekseninden) kesilmi\u015fince maden dire\u011finin bir taraf\u0131. \u0130nce maden dire\u011finin balta ile ortas\u0131ndan yar\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle elde edilen kamaya da \u015fak kama denir.Kama metal veya te\u00e7hizatl\u0131 beton olarak im\u00e2l edilir. 2) Makine elemanlar\u0131nda, i\u00e7 i\u00e7e iki silindir par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n kaymadan birlikte d\u00f6nmelerini sa\u011flayan par\u00e7a. Bunlar\u0131n kesitleri genel olarak dikt\u00f6rgen \u015feklinde olur ve kesmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Kamalar vurma kama (konik bi\u00e7iminde yap\u0131l\u0131r) ve g\u00f6mme kama olarak im\u00e2l edildi\u011fi gibi kullan\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 yere g\u00f6re de enine kama, boyuna kama ve feder \u015feklinde de yap\u0131l\u0131r. 3) Ta\u015f, a\u011fa\u00e7 vb. masif k\u00fctleleri par\u00e7alamak i\u00e7in bu k\u00fctlelerin \u00e7atlaklar\u0131 aras\u0131na \u00e7ak\u0131lmak suretiyle yerle\u015ftirilen (yar\u0131m balta) keski. 4) Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde kullan\u0131lan, a\u011fz\u0131 geni\u015fve keskin k\u0131sa boylu me\u015fe veya \u00e7elikden mam\u00fcl ay\u0131rma aleti.
\n KAMA KAYMASI, \u2014> Heyelan.
\n KAMALAMA, A\u011fa\u00e7, sac, beton lata veya tel\u00f6rg\u00fc gibi tahkimat malzemeleri ile tahkimat birimlerini birbiriyle irtibatlamak, gev\u015fek kaya\u00e7 par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesini engellemek, kaya\u00e7 i\u00e7indeki gerilimin ba\u011flar \u00fczerine e\u015fit bir \u015fekilde da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla a\u011fa\u00e7 veya madeni ba\u011flar\u0131n arkalar\u0131n\u0131n takviyesi ve kaplanmas\u0131.
\n KAMA ORTA, Patlat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131nda, al\u0131nda kama bi\u00e7iminde ek serbest y\u00fczey olu\u015fturacak d\u00fczende dizilmi\u015fdeliklerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu orta. \u2014> Orta \u00e7ekme.
\n KAMAY\u00d6, KAME, Oyulmak suretiyle \u00fczerine kabartma resmi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, kenar\u0131 metal \u00e7er\u00e7eveli, iki katmanl\u0131 ve her katman\u0131 ayr\u0131 renkli k\u0131ymetli ta\u015ftan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fbro\u015f.
\n KAMPANACI, \u2014> \u00c7anc\u0131.
\n KAMULA\u015eTIRMA, \u0130\u015fletme ruhsat s\u00fcresi boyunca ruhsat alan\u0131nda kalan \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyet arazilerine madencilik faaliyeti i\u00e7in zoral\u0131m.
\n KAMU \u0130KT\u0130SAD\u0130 KURULU\u015eU (K\u0130K), Sermayesinin tamam\u0131 devlete ait olan ve tekel niteli\u011finde mallar ile temel mal ve hizmet \u00fcretmek ve pazarlamak \u00fczere kurulan, kamu hizmeti niteli\u011fi a\u011f\u0131r basan Kamu \u0130ktisadi Te\u015febb\u00fcsleri, 233 say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019ye g\u00f6re K\u0130K say\u0131lan K\u0130T\u2019ler: T\u00fcrkiye Elektrik Kurumu (TEK), T.C. Devlet Demiryollar\u0131 (TCDD), T.C. Posta Telgraf ve Telefon \u0130\u015fletmesi (PTT), Devlet Hava Meydanlar\u0131 \u0130\u015fletmesi (DHM\u0130), T\u00fcrk Hava Yollar\u0131 (THY), U\u00e7ak Servisi A.\u015e. (USA\u015e), \u00c7ay Kurumu (\u00c7AY-KUR), Tekel \u0130\u015fletmeleri Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (TEKEL) ve Tar\u0131m \u0130\u015fletmeleri Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (T\u0130GEM) dir.
\n KAMU \u0130KT\u0130SAD\u0130 TE\u015eEBB\u00dcS\u00dc (K\u0130T) , Sermayesinin tamam\u0131 veya bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc devlete ait olan yetkili bir kamu kurulu\u015funun denetiminde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u2014> \u0130ktisadi Devlet Te\u015fekk\u00fcl\u00fc (\u0130DT) ile \u2014> Kamu \u0130ktisadi Kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n (K\u0130K) ortak ad\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de K\u0130T sistemi, 1935\u2019lerde S\u00fcmerbank ve Etibank\u2019\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 ile ba\u015flad\u0131.1938\u2019de \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan bir kanunla S\u00fcmerbank, Etibank, T.C. Ziraat Bankas\u0131, Denizbank ve Devlet Ziraat \u0130\u015fletmeleri, \u0130ktisadi Devlet Te\u015fekk\u00fclleri (\u0130DT) ad\u0131yla yeniden d\u00fczenlendi ve daha sonra kurulan \u0130ktisadi Devlet Kurulu\u015flar\u0131n yasa kapsam\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131. Kamu \u0130ktisadi Te\u015febb\u00fcsleri terimi, ilk olarak 1961 Anayasas\u0131nda ge\u00e7ti. 1982 y\u0131l\u0131 Anayasas\u0131nda K\u0130T\u2019ler \u201cSermayesinin yar\u0131dan fazlas\u0131 do\u011frudan do\u011fruya veya dolayl\u0131 olarak devlete ait olan kamu kurulu\u015fve ortakl\u0131klar\u0131\u201d bi\u00e7iminde tan\u0131mland\u0131. 1983 tarihli 233 say\u0131l\u0131 KHK ile K\u0130T\u2019ler \u2014> Kamu \u0130ktisadi Kurulu\u015flar\u0131 (K\u0130K) ve \u2014> \u0130ktisadi Devlet Te\u015fekk\u00fclleri (\u0130DT) olarak ikiye ayr\u0131ld\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca m\u00fcessese, ba\u011fl\u0131 ortakl\u0131k, i\u015ftirak ve i\u015fletme s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130DT\u2019ye ait olup, ona ba\u011fl\u0131 i\u015fletme ya da i\u015fletmeler toplulu\u011fu \u201cM\u00fcessese\u201d , sermayesinin %50\u2019sinden fazlas\u0131 \u0130DT yada K\u0130K\u2019e ait olan i\u015fletme ya da i\u015fletmeler toplulu\u011fundan olu\u015fan anonim \u015firketler \u201cBa\u011fl\u0131 ortakl\u0131k\u201d, m\u00fcessese ve ba\u011fl\u0131 ortakl\u0131klar\u0131n sermayelerinin en az %15\u2019ine, en \u00e7ok %50\u2019sine sahip bulunduklar\u0131 anonim \u015firketler \u201c\u0130\u015ftirak\u201d olarak tan\u0131mland\u0131.
\n 233 say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019ye ba\u011fl\u0131 olmayan K\u0130T\u2019ler ise ; Atat\u00fcrk Orman \u00c7iftli\u011fi (AO\u00c7), Devlet Sanayi \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Yat\u0131r\u0131m Bankas\u0131 (DES\u0130YAB), Ere\u011fli Demir \u00c7elik Fabrikalar\u0131 TA\u015e (ERDEM\u0130R), \u0130ller Bankas\u0131 Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile \u0130l \u00f6zel idareleri ve belediyelerinin yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131na tek ba\u015f\u0131na ya da birlikte sahip olduklar\u0131 iktisadi te\u015febb\u00fcsler, Sosyal Sigortalar Kurumu (SSK), T.C. Emekli Sand\u0131\u011f\u0131, Esnaf ve Sanatkarlar ve di\u011fer Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar Sosyal Sigortalar Kurumu (BAz-KUR), T\u00fcrkiye Radyo Televizyon Kurumu (TRT) ve Milli Piyango \u0130daresi (MP) olrak belirlenmi\u015ftir.
\n KANAL, \u2014> Yarma.
\n KANCA, 1) K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ocak arabalar\u0131n\u0131 (vagonetleri) birbirine ba\u011flayan d\u00fczen. 2) Vin\u00e7lerde halat ucuna ba\u011flanan, vincin kald\u0131rma veya \u00e7ekme i\u015flemini yapmas\u0131nda kolayl\u0131k sa\u011flayan par\u00e7a.
\n KANCACI, Arabalar\u0131 kancalamak veya kancalar\u0131n\u0131 kesmekle g\u00f6revli i\u015f\u00e7i.
\n KANCA KESME, 1) Kancalanm\u0131\u015faraban\u0131n kancas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7ma. 2) Rayl\u0131 nakliyatta katar\u0131n \u00fcnitelerini ba\u011flayan kancan\u0131n herhangi bir nedenle (kopma, a\u00e7\u0131lma, kurtulma, vb.) a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131.
\n KAND\u0130L, 1) Temeli tek bir kald\u0131ra\u00e7 ya da helezon bir yay olan tart\u0131 arac\u0131. 2) \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131lan madenin sat\u0131\u015f\u0131nda daral\u0131 veya daras\u0131z olarak tart\u0131larak pazarlanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan tesis. 3) Eskiden kullan\u0131lan 44 okkal\u0131k bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k birimi.
\n KANTARCI, Kantar tesisinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p, tart\u0131 i\u015flerini yapan ve kay\u0131tlar\u0131 tutan sorumlu ki\u015fi.
\n KANTAR F\u0130\u015e\u0130, Maden nakillerinde ta\u015f\u0131nan cevherin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir tart\u0131 makbuzu.
\n KANTA\u015eI , Do\u011fada ender olarak bulunan hematit t\u00fcr\u00fc. Ta\u015flan\u0131r ve perdahlan\u0131rsa, koyu \u00e7elik parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r ve m\u00fccevher olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n KANYON, Ya nemli b\u00f6lgelerde derin yar\u0131klarda meydana gelmi\u015fveya kurak b\u00f6lgelerde \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc derinli\u011fine a\u015f\u0131nmadan do\u011fmu\u015f, \u00e7ok dik yama\u00e7l\u0131 bo\u011faz bi\u00e7imli vadi. Kap\u0131z.
\n KAOLEN , 1) Belli ortam ve ko\u015fullarda, yeralt\u0131 ve yer\u00fcst\u00fc sular\u0131n\u0131n veya termal eriyiklerin andezit, dasit, porfir gibi volkanik kaya\u00e7lar\u0131 bozu\u015fmaya u\u011fratmas\u0131 (alterasyon) sonucu olu\u015fan aluminyum-hidrosilikat bile\u015fiminde bir hammadde. Yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131n\u0131n ve asit b\u00fcnyeli termal eriyiklerin etkisi ile alkalili silikatlardan olan feldispatlar alkali metallerini (K topra\u011fa ge\u00e7er, Na ise su ile g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr) ve k\u0131smen de silislerini kaybederler ve bile\u015fimlerine su alarak yeni bir mineral, kaolinit durumuna ge\u00e7erler. Kaolenler, 2 H2 O, Al2 O3, 2 Si O2 gibi bir kompozisyona sahip sulu aluminyum silikatlard\u0131r. Kaolenle\u015fme olay\u0131na feldispatlarla birlikte bulunan kuars, mika ve demirce zengin baz\u0131 mineraller de kat\u0131l\u0131rlar. 2) \u00c7in kili 3) Porselen kili.
\n Saf kaolen\u2019in ergime derecesi 1.760\u00b0C \u2018dir. Kaolene belirli oranlarda feldispat ve kuars kat\u0131larak \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme ve \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015flemlere tabi tutmak suretiyle porselen imal edilir.
\n a- Kaolen, ka\u011f\u0131t sanayiinde sel\u00fclozdan sonra en b\u00fcy\u00fck hammadde miktar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur ; burada dolgu maddesi olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n Bu t\u00fcr kaolende aranan \u00f6zellikler \u015f\u00f6yledir :
\n Dolgu Kaplama
\n kaolen % kaolen %
\n Al2 O3 24-41 34-41
\n Si O2 45 45
\n Ca O en \u00e7ok 1 en \u00e7ok 1
\n Mg O en \u00e7ok 1 en \u00e7ok 1
\n Fe2 O3 0,5 0,5
\n Ham beyazl\u0131k en az 80 en az 80
\n A\u015f\u0131nma kayb\u0131 50 mg 15 mg
\n b- Seramik kaoleninin ; suda da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131, plastik olmas\u0131, pi\u015fme k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmesinin fazla olmas\u0131, pi\u015fme renginin beyaz olmas\u0131 gibi \u00f6zellikler ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 istenir. Kaolen; porselen, duvar fayans\u0131, izolat\u00f6r imalinde refrakterlerde ve kaplama tu\u011flalar\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n Seramik kaoleninin \u00f6zellikleri :
\n Al2 O3 %30
\n Si O2 %70\u2019den az
\n CaO+MgO %2\u2019den az
\n Fe2 O3 %0-0,5
\n c- Gerek do\u011fal, gerekse sentetik kau\u00e7u\u011fun yap\u0131m\u0131nda dolgu maddesi ve genle\u015ftirici olarak kaolenden yararlan\u0131l\u0131r.Cateks kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131na giren kaolen a\u015f\u0131nmaya kar\u015f\u0131 direnci artt\u0131r\u0131r ve sertlik giderir.
\n d- Kaolen, kimyasal bak\u0131mdan at\u0131l olmas\u0131 nedeniyle boyalarda genle\u015ftirici olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Aran\u0131lan al\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011fa sahiptir.Rengi beyaz ve pahal\u0131 boya pigmenti ikame edici oldu\u011fundan maliyeti de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr.
\n e- Kaolen ayr\u0131ca plastik yap\u0131m\u0131nda dolgu maddesi olarak da kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Y\u00fczeyi cazip hale getirebilmekte, cazip renkler kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na imkan vermektedir.
\n KAOL\u0130N\u0130ZASYON, Ta\u015fyap\u0131c\u0131 baz\u0131 minerallerin dekompozisyonu (\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmesi, alterasyonu) sonucu kaolen ve kil te\u015fekk\u00fcl etmesi olay\u0131.
\n KAPALI T\u0130P HALATLAR, En d\u0131\u015ftelleri yuvarlak olmay\u0131p profilleri yard\u0131m\u0131 ile birbirine kenetlenmi\u015fhalat. Kapal\u0131 halatlar \u00fczeri bir veya birka\u00e7 \u00f6zel profilli tel kat\u0131 ile kapl\u0131, i\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 yuvarlak tellerden te\u015fekk\u00fcl etmi\u015fkatlar\u0131n meydana getirdi\u011fi tek demetli (toronlu) halat. Bu sebeple, bu halat\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131, ona m\u00fckemmel d\u00fcz bir y\u00fczey verdi\u011finden i\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131m\u0131 muhafaza edilmi\u015fve b\u00f6ylece halat\u0131n a\u015f\u0131nmaya ve d\u00f6nmeye kar\u015f\u0131 direnci de artm\u0131\u015folur. Bunlar daha ziyade ihra\u00e7 tesislerinde ve teleferiklerde ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 halat olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u2014> \u015eekil, \u00c7elik halat, Halat damar d\u00fczenleri, Halat dolam\u0131, Halat simgeleri.
\n KAPAK, 1) Ba\u015fyukar\u0131larda, ayaklarda veya g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fck olmu\u015fyerlerde malzemenin akmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in kamalarla yap\u0131lan perde. 2) Ocak imalat\u0131 tavan\u0131nda bulunabilen silisle\u015fmi\u015fa\u011fa\u00e7 fosilleri. \u2014> Kapak ta\u015f\u0131.
\n KAPAKLI OLUK, Y\u00fckleme yerlerinde madenin banda verilmesini veya vagonlar\u0131n muntazam dolmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck silo \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131.
\n KAPAK TAHTASI, A\u011fa\u00e7 tomruklar\u0131n tahta veya kalas olarak bi\u00e7ilmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda kenardan art\u0131k olarak \u00e7\u0131kan kesiti daire par\u00e7as\u0131 (sekman) \u015feklinde olan a\u011fa\u00e7.
\n KAPAK TA\u015eI, Birbiriyle a\u00e7\u0131 te\u015fkil eden yar\u0131k ve \u00e7atlaklar aras\u0131nda olan ve alttaki madenin al\u0131nmas\u0131ndan sonra ani kopma tehlikesi g\u00f6steren kaya\u00e7 kitlesi.
\n KAPALI \u0130\u015eLETME, 1) Yeralt\u0131nda bulunan maden kitlesini (yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131) istihsal edebilecek duruma getirmek amac\u0131yla uygulanan maden oca\u011f\u0131 i\u015fletme sistemi. 2) Kapal\u0131 ocak.
\n KAPALI POL\u0130GON, \u2014> Poligon.
\n KAPAN, \u2014> Petrol yataklar\u0131.
\n KAPAS\u0130TE, 1) \u0130\u015fmakinalar\u0131n\u0131n birim zamanda yapabilecekleri i\u015fi g\u00f6steren \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc. m3\/h, m\/h, cm\/dk gibi. 2) Bir tesisten birim zamanda (saat, g\u00fcn, ay, y\u0131l) \u00fcretilebilecek maksimum miktar (t, m3, vb.)
\n KAPI, \u2014> Havaland\u0131rma kap\u0131s\u0131. \u00c7ift kap\u0131.
\n KAPLAMA, 1) Geni\u015fanlamda marangozlukta, \u00e7e\u015fitli a\u011fa\u00e7lardan elde edilen \u00e7ok ince ah\u015fap levhalar\u0131n ah\u015fap bir e\u015fyan\u0131n y\u00fczeyine yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak \u00f6rt\u00fclmesi i\u015flemi. 2) Metal, pl\u00e2stik ve porselen gibi malzemelerin, dayan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmlerinin g\u00fczelle\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in sert ve ge\u00e7irimsiz bir metal katmanla s\u0131vanmas\u0131. Alt\u0131n, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f, paslanmaz \u00e7elik, palladyum , bak\u0131r ve nikel kaplamalar, malzemenin kaplama maddesini i\u00e7eren bir \u00e7\u00f6zeltiye dald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yoluyla elde edilir. Kaplama maddesi malzemenin y\u00fczeyine kimyasal ya da elektro kimyasal etkiyle tutunur. \u2014> Elektroliz, Galvanopasti (Elektrikli Kaplama), Elektriksiz Kaplama, Elektrolit.
\n E\u015fyalar\u0131n s\u00fcslenmesi amac\u0131yla da yararlan\u0131lan kaplama i\u015flemi, daha \u00e7ok yumu\u015fak malzemelerin dayanakl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak ya da yenime (korozyona) kar\u015f\u0131 direncini art\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla uygulan\u0131r.
\n KAPLAMA TA\u015eI, Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde ayr\u0131 bir ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 imal\u00e2t \u00f6n\u00fcne kaplanmak \u00fczere \u00f6n ve yanlardan ba\u015fka arkalar\u0131 da i\u015flenmi\u015fta\u015flar. Kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, arkas\u0131ndaki dolgu kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan azd\u0131r.
\n KAPLAN G\u00d6Z\u00dc, \u2014> Kristalin kuars.
\n KAPL\u0130N, \u2014> Kavrama.
\n KAPMA EKSKAVAT\u00d6R, 1) Tutucu kep\u00e7e ile (kaz\u0131 yapan) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kaz\u0131 makinesi. 2) Grayferli ekskavat\u00f6r.
\n KAPS\u00dcL, Detonasyonu ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan patlay\u0131c\u0131 madde (lokum) i\u00e7erisine konan silindir bi\u00e7iminde, i\u00e7i duyarl\u0131 veya iki ayr\u0131 ecza maddesi ile doldurulmu\u015ffitil veya elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131 ile ate\u015flenerek patlamay\u0131 olu\u015fturan ucu kapal\u0131 kovan. 2) Detonat\u00f6r. Primer ecza, c\u0131va fulminat gibi \u00e7ok hassas bir patlay\u0131c\u0131 maddeden; sekonder ecza ise tetril, nitropenta vb. brisansl\u0131 bir patlay\u0131c\u0131 maddeden olur. \u00c2di ve elektrikli kaps\u00fcl olmak \u00fczere iki cinsi vard\u0131r. Elektrikli kaps\u00fcl\u00fcn de ayr\u0131ca; k\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc, aral\u0131kl\u0131, saniyeli, milisaniyeli, gecikmeli (tavikli) kaps\u00fcl olmak \u00fczere kullan\u0131lacaklar\u0131 yere ve gayeye g\u00f6re im\u00e2l edilen cinsleri bulunur. \u2014> Elektronik gecikmeli kaps\u00fcl.
\n KAPS\u00dcL PENSES\u0130, Fitilin kaps\u00fcle yerle\u015ftirilmesinden sonra kaps\u00fcl\u00fcn ucunu emniyetle s\u0131karak fitilin kaps\u00fcl d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan \u00f6zel pense.
\n KARA ALTIN, \u2014> Petrol.
\n KARA BAKIR, Fazlaca demir ve di\u011fer yabanc\u0131 maddeler i\u00e7eren ve % 6-20 Cu ten\u00f6rl\u00fc oksitli bak\u0131r cevherinin ergitilmesi sonucu elde edilen; renginden dolay\u0131 isimlendirilmi\u015f, \u00fcr\u00fcn.
\n KARA BARUT, \u2014> Barut.
\n KARA FAS\u0130YES\u0130, \u2014> Fasiyes. Nehir al\u00fcvyonlar\u0131, sel al\u00fcvyonlar\u0131, g\u00f6l, lag\u00fcn ve buzul fasiyesi olarak te\u015fekk\u00fcl etmi\u015ftortul tabakalar.
\n KARA ELMAS, 1) Kaya\u00e7lar\u0131 delmek i\u015finde kullan\u0131lan siyah elmas. (Boarts) (Karbonado). 2) Mecazi man\u00e2da maden k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc.
\n K\u00c2RA GE\u00c7\u0130\u015e NOKTASI, 1) Gelir ve giderlerin birbirine e\u015fit oldu\u011fu \u00fcretim hacmi noktas\u0131. 2) De\u011fi\u015fken \u00fcretim fakt\u00f6rleri maliyetinde bir veya daha fazla alternatiflerin ekonomik olduklar\u0131 nokta.
\n KARA KEHR\u0130BAR, Siyah renkli, parlak, yo\u011fun ve homojen bir linyit t\u00fcr\u00fc. \u0130yi cila kabul etti\u011finden yontularak ziynet e\u015fyas\u0131 yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u2014> Oltuta\u015f\u0131.
\n KARAKOL, Asans\u00f6r, vin\u00e7 ve varagel ba\u015flar\u0131na, diplerine veya galerilere yap\u0131lan \u00f6zel emniyet bariyeri (engeli).
\n KARAKTER\u0130ST\u0130K FOS\u0130L, 1) Sadece belirli bir jeolojik devirde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, o fosilin i\u00e7inde rastland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir tabakan\u0131n ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 tayin etmeye yarayan fosil t\u00fcr\u00fc. 2) \u2014> K\u0131lavuz fosil.
\n KARALOKS, \u2014> Korund.
\n KARAT, 1) Elmaslar\u0131 (k\u0131ymetli ta\u015flar\u0131) tartmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k birimi (3 1\/6 troygram yani 205 mg.) Uluslararas\u0131 sistemde metrik karat ise; 200 mg\u2019lik bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade eder. 2) Alt\u0131n ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k derecesi. Saf alt\u0131n 24 karat olarak kabul edilir. Goldsmith standard\u0131na g\u00f6re 22 karat alt\u0131n; 22 par\u00e7a alt\u0131n, 1 par\u00e7a bak\u0131r ve 1par\u00e7a g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015ften ibarettir. \u2014> Uluslararas\u0131 Birimler Sistemine Dair Y\u00f6netmelik. Madde 38.
\n KARBON D\u0130OKS\u0130T (CO2), Renksiz, kokusuz, asidimsi lezzetli, havaya nazaran yo\u011funlu\u011fu 1,52 ve O\u00b0C ve 760 mm c\u0131va bas\u0131nc\u0131nda yo\u011funlu\u011fu 1,9768 kg\/m3 olan zehirsiz, bo\u011fucu gaz madde. Havada % 3-4 oran\u0131nda bulunmas\u0131 nefes almay\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015ftirir, % 5-6 dan fazla olursa \u015fiddetli ba\u015fa\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, \u015fuuru kaybetme ve \u00f6l\u00fcme yol a\u00e7ar. Ta\u015fk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc ocaklar\u0131na verilen havada ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta % 0,04 oran\u0131nda olan CO2, ocaktan d\u0131\u015far\u0131 at\u0131lan havada % 0,2-0,6 civar\u0131nda olur.
\n Ocaklarda, CO2 canl\u0131lar\u0131n nefes al\u0131p vermesi, a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmesi, k\u00f6m\u00fcrlerin oksitlenmesi, yang\u0131nlar, k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozu veya grizu patlamalar\u0131, la\u011f\u0131m at\u0131mlar\u0131 vb. nedenlerle olu\u015fur. Ayr\u0131ca, jeolojik yap\u0131dan dolay\u0131 arazide bas\u0131n\u00e7 alt\u0131nda bulunan CO2′ nin yeralt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan yere ani olarak p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmesi (degaj\u0131) suretiyle de ocak havas\u0131na kar\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Parlak ve normal yanan bir lamban\u0131n alevi havadaki CO2 % 3 civar\u0131nda iken donuk ve k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131mtrak bir renk al\u0131r, \u015f\u00fble kesik c\u0131z\u0131rt\u0131l\u0131 al\u00e7al\u0131\u015flar ve y\u00fckseli\u015fler g\u00f6sterir. Lamban\u0131n \u015f\u00fblesi s\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc halde o ortamda insan ya\u015fayabilirse de ya\u015fam i\u00e7in tehlikeli durum ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fdemektir. CO2 havadan a\u011f\u0131r oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in galeri ve kuyular\u0131n alt seviyelerinde, kuytu ve k\u00f6r bacalarda topland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bu gibi yerlerde CO2 \u2018i uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in gerekli tedbirlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekir.
\n KARBON-IN PULP (CIP) Y\u00d6NTEM\u0130, G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fkonsantresinden (yakla\u015f\u0131k % 50-80 g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fi\u00e7eren \u00e7\u00f6kelti) g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015felde etme y\u00f6ntemlerinden biri. Pulp \u0130\u00e7inde karbon \u015feklinde de ifade edilebilen bu y\u00f6ntem, uygulama say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle, siyan\u00fcrleme kadar ra\u011fbet g\u00f6rmemi\u015ftir. CIP tekni\u011fi li\u00e7 \u00e7\u00f6zeltilerinden alt\u0131n ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fkazan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in uygulan\u0131r. Li\u00e7 \u00e7\u00f6zeltilerinde iyonik hale ge\u00e7mi\u015folan g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f\u00fc aktif karbonun b\u00fcnyesine absorblanmas\u0131ndan ibarettir. Aktif karbon; odun, k\u00f6m\u00fcr, hindistan cevizi, f\u0131nd\u0131k, ceviz kabu\u011fundan \u00fcretilir. Aktif karbonun tane boyutu, pulp i\u00e7indeki kat\u0131 taneciklerden daha iri olmakta ve elekler vas\u0131tas\u0131yla pulptan ayr\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Daha sonra; etanol, kostik soda ve sodyum siyan\u00fcr i\u00e7eren \u00e7\u00f6zeltiye 90\u00b0C\u2019l\u0131k \u0131s\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. Aktif karbona al\u0131nan g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fdesorbe edilir. Aktif karbona y\u00fcklenecek g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fmiktar\u0131; alt\u0131n\/g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015foran\u0131na, cevher \u00f6zelliklerine, li\u00e7 \u00e7\u00f6zelti ten\u00f6r\u00fcne ve de\u011ferli metal iyonlar\u0131 miktar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.
\n KARBON MONOKS\u0130T (CO), Kolay alevlenen, renksiz, kokusuz ve lezzetsiz, havaya nazaran yo\u011funlu\u011fu 0,97, O\u00b0C ve 760mm c\u0131va bas\u0131nc\u0131nda 1m3\u2019\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 1,250 kg olan, karbonlu maddelerin y\u00fcksek \u0131s\u0131da ve hava yani oksijen azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan yerlerde veya bunlar\u0131n yava\u015fyanmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yle te\u015fekk\u00fcl eden yan\u0131c\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle zehirleyici, k\u00e2fi derecede oksijen alabildi\u011fi takdirde CO2 haline ge\u00e7en gaz madde.
\n CO gaz\u0131 havada % 15-28 oran\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu takdirde patlay\u0131c\u0131 olup en tehlikeli oran % 20 dir. CO fazla \u0131s\u0131 olan yerlerde daha az oranlarda olsa bile (500\u00b0C da %9 ve 600\u00b0C da % 7,5) patlayabilir.
\n K\u00f6m\u00fcr madenlerinde, ocak, ayak, pano gibi yerlerde al\u0131nan hava n\u00fcmunelerinde CO tesbit edilmesi buralarda yang\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fareti olarak kabul edilir. Havadaki CO miktar\u0131 yang\u0131n nedeniyle kapat\u0131lan ocak k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda baraj arkas\u0131ndan al\u0131nan hava numunelerinde CO oran\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerek yang\u0131n durumu kontrol edilir. Al\u0131nan n\u00fcmunede CO tesbit edilmemesi yang\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve baraj\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131labilece\u011fini g\u00f6sterir.
\n CO zehirli olmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan havadaki oran\u0131 % 0,1-0,2 oran\u0131 bile insan\u0131 15 dakika i\u00e7inde rahats\u0131z etmeyen bir kesiklik ve uyuklama hissi ile yava\u015fyava\u015ftehlikeli bir duruma sokabilir.
\n KARBON S\u0130YAHI , \u0130htiva ettikleri aromatik hidrokarbonlar\u0131n, y\u00fczdesi olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek organik bile\u015fiklerin bir reakt\u00f6rde k\u0131smi yanmalar\u0131 sonucunda olu\u015fan madde. Lastik sanayiinde; oto lasti\u011fi, makine par\u00e7alar\u0131, kablo, ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 bantlar, hortum, topuk va taban lasti\u011fi imalinde, boya maddesi olarak vernik, plastik, matbaa m\u00fcrekkebi, daktilo \u015feridi, karbon ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131 imalinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Pelet ve d\u00f6kme halde piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bir petrokimya sanayii \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc.
\n KARBORANDUM , A\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 madde olarak kullan\u0131lan silisyum karb\u00fcr\u00fcn (SiC) ticari ad\u0131. Bile\u015fiminde silisli kum, kok k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc ve testere tala\u015f\u0131 bulunan kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n elektrik f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131nda \u0131s\u0131t\u0131larak Si O2+3C \u2014>C Si2+2CO reaksiyonuna tabi tutularak silikon karpit yani karborandum elde edilir. Moos sertli\u011fi 9,6 olup, elmas ve borkarb\u00fcrden sonra, bilinen a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 maddeler i\u00e7inde en sert olan\u0131d\u0131r. Yapay z\u0131mpara ta\u015f\u0131 \u00fcretiminde, en sert madenlerin i\u015flenmesinde, \u00f6zellikle tungsten karb\u00fcrl\u00fc aletlerin bilenmesinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Yapay bir kristal olan karborandum, 1881 y\u0131l\u0131nda Amerikal\u0131 Acheson taraf\u0131ndan ilk defa \u00fcretilmi\u015ftir.
\n KARBONLA ABSORBLAMA Y\u00d6NTEM\u0130, \u2014> Siyan\u00fcr li\u00e7i ile alt\u0131n \u00fcretimi.
\n KARA TUMBA, 1) Bir panoda, panonun k\u0131lavuzlar ve ba\u015fyukar\u0131lar s\u00fcr\u00fclerek topuklara ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 ve topuklar\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u015feklinde uygulanan i\u015fletme metodu. 2) Bir t\u00fcr ilkel oda ve topuk y\u00f6ntemi. \u2014> Tumba metodu.
\n KARB\u0130T, Karbonun bir metal veya yar\u0131 metal ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ikili bile\u015fikler. Hafif metallerin karbitleri su etkisi ile metal hidroksit ve karbonlu hidrojen verir. \u2014> Karpit. Teknikte demir karbit (Fe2C) bir demir cinsidir. Wolfram karbit tabii sertli\u011fi y\u00fcksek bir metaldir.
\n KARBON\u0130ZASYON, 1) K\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn oksijensiz bir ortamda \u0131s\u0131t\u0131larak, gaz, s\u0131v\u0131 ve kat\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerine ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u015flemi. Karbonizasyon i\u015flemi ile kimyasal hammaddeler de \u00fcretilebilir. Karbonizasyon i\u015fleminin \u015fartlar\u0131 \u00fcretim amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak belirlenir. Madencilikte bu i\u015flem kok \u00fcretimi ve briketleme i\u00e7in yap\u0131l\u0131r. Karbonizasyon i\u015fleminde \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lan son s\u0131cakl\u0131k \u00fcr\u00fcn yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 etkiler. S\u0131v\u0131 ve katran \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 300 \u00b0C civar\u0131nda ba\u015flar ve 550-600 \u00b0C \u2018de sona erer. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n gaz \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 900-1000 \u00b0C\u2019 ye kadar devam eder. Karbonizasyon s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 600 \u00b0C\u2019ye kadar olan i\u015flemlere \u201cd\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131k karbonizasyonu\u201d; 900 \u00b0C\u2019 ye kadar olan i\u015flemlere \u201corta s\u0131cakl\u0131k karbonizasyonu\u201d; 900 \u00b0C\u2019 den y\u00fcksek olan i\u015flemlere ise \u201cy\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k karbonizasyonu\u201d denir. 2) Odunun sathi yak\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle dayan\u0131kl\u0131 h\u00e2le getirilmesi. Bu i\u015flemle odunu meydana getiren h\u00fccrelerdeki \u00e7abuk bozulan yumurta ak\u0131 maddeleri yokedilir. B\u00f6ylece odunun (ah\u015fab\u0131n) toprakta ve suda \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmesine engel olunur. 3) \u0130\u00e7eceklerin karbondioksitle muamelesi yani karbondioksit-lenmesi i\u015flemi.4) Bitki art\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131klamak, yani yapa\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcn\u00fc didilmi\u015fh\u00e2le getirmek i\u00e7in onu s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asitle muamele etmek, ard\u0131ndan y\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta kurutmak. Bu \u015fekilde bitkisel k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n sel\u00fcl\u00f6zu k\u00f6m\u00fcrle\u015ftirilir ve t\u0131klatmak ve vurmak suretiyle bu k\u0131s\u0131mlar ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bitkisel k\u0131s\u0131mlar, boya maddeleriyle boyanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in karbonizasyon i\u015flemi l\u00fbzumlu olmaktad\u0131r. \u2014> Piroliz. \u2014> Kok fabrikas\u0131. \u2014> Kokla\u015fma
\n KARBOKS\u0130MET\u0130LSEL\u00dcL\u00d6Z, \u2014> CMC.
\n KARBONADO, \u2014> Karaelmas.
\n KARBON \u00c7EVR\u0130M\u0130, Atmosfer ve hidrosferde dioksit \u015feklinde bulunan karbonun \u00e7\u00f6kelme ve \u00f6z\u00fcmleme olaylar\u0131 sonucu biyosfer ve litosferde depolanmas\u0131 ve bu karbondioksitin do\u011falgaz, metamorfizma, end\u00fcstri, \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcme ve solunum yolu ile tekrar atmosfere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc.
\n KARBONLU SED\u0130MANLAR, \u0130\u00e7erisinde bulunan karbon miktar\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fen ve \u00e7e\u015fitli isimler alan sedimanter tabakalar.
\n KARBORANDUM, A\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 madde olarak kullan\u0131lan silisyum karb\u00fcr\u00fcn ticari ad\u0131. Silisli kum, kok k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc ve testere tala\u015f\u0131 elektrik f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131nda \u0131s\u0131t\u0131larak SiO2+3C \u2014> CSi2+2CO reaksiyonuna tabi tutulur ve b\u00f6ylece silikon karpit yani karborandum elde edilir. Moos sertli\u011fi 9,6 olup, a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olarak yayg\u0131n bi\u00e7imde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Elmas ve borkarb\u00fcrden sonra, bilinen a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 maddeler aras\u0131nda en sert olan\u0131d\u0131r. Ate\u015fe dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r ve y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta di\u011fer seramiklerden daha kusursuz bir elektrik iletkenidir. Yapay z\u0131mpara ta\u015f\u0131 \u00fcretiminde, en sert madenlerin i\u015flenmesinde, \u00f6zellikle tungsten karb\u00fcrl\u00fc aletlerin bilenmesinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Karborandum 1891 y\u0131l\u0131nda Amerikal\u0131 Acheson taraf\u0131ndan ilk defa \u00fcretilmi\u015ftir.
\n KARB\u00dcRAT\u00d6R, Patlamal\u0131 motorlarda akaryak\u0131t\u0131n buhar durumuna gelip hava ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 cihaz.
\n KARDOKS Y\u00d6NTEM\u0130, S\u0131v\u0131 karbon dioksit doldurulmu\u015fve bir \u0131s\u0131tma eleman\u0131 i\u00e7eren \u00e7elik bir kovan i\u00e7inde olu\u015fturulan y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 karbondioksit gaz\u0131n\u0131n aniden bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131yla sa\u011flanan patlatma y\u00f6ntemi.CO2 gaz\u0131n\u0131n genle\u015fmesi sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc itme \u00f6zelli\u011fi, kayac\u0131n b\u00fcnyesindeki \u00e7atlaklara n\u00fcfuz ederek par\u00e7alanmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar ve onlar\u0131 adeta serbest y\u00fczeye do\u011fru iter. \u00c7elik kovandan ani olarak de\u015farj olan CO2 gaz\u0131 da bu s\u0131rada \u00e7evresini so\u011futur. Kardoks bir patlay\u0131c\u0131 olarak kabul edilmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in patlay\u0131c\u0131 maddelerin tabi oldu\u011fu resmi i\u015flem d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Par\u00e7alanmak istenen k\u00fctle, kardoks t\u00fcplerinin girebilece\u011fi \u00e7apta ve derinlikte delinir ve i\u00e7ine kardoks t\u00fcpleri yerle\u015ftirilir ve seri olarak ba\u011fland\u0131ktan sonra manyeto ile ate\u015fleme yap\u0131l\u0131r. Kardoks sistemi, yapaca\u011f\u0131 i\u015fin \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re; \u00f6zel ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 diskin kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, t\u00fcp\u00fcn tipine, bo\u015falma bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n, hacminin varyasyonuna g\u00f6re adapte edilebilir. \u0130\u015fin \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re \u00e7e\u015fitli boy ve \u00e7apta kardoks t\u00fcpleri vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

KARG\u0130R TAHK\u0130MAT, \u0130n\u015faat ta\u015flar\u0131 ile yap\u0131lan tahkimat t\u00fcr\u00fc.
\n KARI\u015eIK BA\u011eLAMA, \u2014> Elektrikli kaps\u00fcl.
\n KARI\u015eIK GAZ, \u2014> Kuvvet gaz\u0131, Jenerat\u00f6r gaz\u0131.
\n KARI\u015eIK SARIMLI HALAT, Kordonlar\u0131 te\u015fkil eden tellerin bir kordonda sa\u011f sar\u0131ml\u0131 m\u00fcteakip kordonda sol sar\u0131ml\u0131 olmas\u0131 durumundaki halat. \u2014> \u00c7elik halat, Halat dolam\u0131.
\n KARI\u015eTIRMA L\u0130\u00c7\u0130, \u2014> Bak\u0131r li\u00e7i.
\n KARI\u015eTIRICI, 1) Flotasyon i\u015fleminde hava habbeciklerinin olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak ve mineral \u00e7amurunda (\u015flam) s\u00fcrekli ve muntazam bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan mekanik d\u00fczen. 2) Sondaj \u00e7amurunu belirli k\u0131vamda tutmak i\u00e7in \u00e7amur tulumbas\u0131n\u0131n basma borusundan al\u0131nan \u00e7amuru \u00e7amur tank\u0131 veya havuzuna p\u00fcsk\u00fcrten (tabanca) boru. 3) Genel anlamda bile\u015fim, tane irili\u011fi, nem gibi \u00f6zellikleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan heterojen olan taneli mal\u0131n hacimsel olarak homojen hale getirilmesini sa\u011flayan d\u00fczen.
\n K\u00c2RLILIK, 1) K\u00e2r\u0131n kullan\u0131lan kapitale oran\u0131n\u0131n % olarak ifadesi. Burada, kullan\u0131lan kapital olarak ana kapital ile yabanc\u0131 kapitalin toplam\u0131 veya yaln\u0131z ana kapital dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r. 2) Bir kurulu\u015fun bir hesap d\u00f6nemindeki varl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6stergesi.
\n KARMA D\u0130SKORDANS, \u2014> Ayk\u0131r\u0131 tabakala\u015fma.
\n KARNAL\u0130N, Ekseriya saydam, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 veya k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131ms\u0131 kahverengi tonlu bir \u2014> Kalsedon.
\n KARO, Ocaklar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda s\u00fcreklili\u011fi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in gerekli hizmetlerin g\u00f6r\u00fclmesine yarayan yer \u00fcst\u00fcndeki kuyu binas\u0131, vin\u00e7 binas\u0131, lavvar (eleme ve zenginle\u015ftirme) tesisleri, kuyu kulesi (\u015f\u00f6valman\u0131), kompres\u00f6r, vantilat\u00f6r, direk harman\u0131, art\u0131k harman\u0131 (hurdal\u0131k), lavvar sular\u0131 ar\u0131tma tesisleri, enerji santral\u0131 ve buhar tesisleri, k\u00f6m\u00fcr ocaklar\u0131nda kok fabrikas\u0131 ile k\u00f6m\u00fcr silolar\u0131, yan \u00fcr\u00fcn tesisleri, gaz deposu gibi yer\u00fcst\u00fc tesislerinin bulundu\u011fu alan.
\n KARO \u015eEF\u0130, B\u00f6lge, b\u00f6l\u00fcm veya ocak karosunda amirleri taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6sterilen i\u015fi teknik, idari ve emniyet bak\u0131m\u0131ndan emir ve nizamlara uygun bir \u015fekilde y\u00fcr\u00fcten ve her \u00fc\u00e7 vardiyadan mes\u2019ul olan kimse.
\n KAROT, Yeralt\u0131nda bulunan formasyonlar hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinmek \u00fczere geli\u015ftirilen \u00f6zel delici u\u00e7lar (kronlar) yard\u0131m\u0131yla sondaj yap\u0131l\u0131rken; do\u011fal formasyondan kesilerek al\u0131nan silindirik numune.
\n KAROT\u0130YER, Sondajda karot numune al\u0131p yery\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131karmaya yarayan, genellikle standardize edilmi\u015fveya \u00f6zel dizaynl\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00e7ap ve tipteki numune al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131. Tek t\u00fcpl\u00fc, \u00e7ift t\u00fcpl\u00fc, vayrlayn, \u00fc\u00e7 t\u00fcpl\u00fc (denison), rijit veya hareketli i\u00e7 t\u00fcpl\u00fc vb. tipleri vard\u0131r. \u2014> \u015eekil.
\n KAROT\u0130YER BA\u015eLI\u011eI, Sondajda karotiyerin tijlere ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan ara par\u00e7a.
\n KAROT SANDI\u011eI, Sondajda karot numunelerinin bir sistem dahilinde i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirildi\u011fi ve sakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 sand\u0131k.
\n KAROT TUTUCUSU, 1) Sondajda karotun karotiyerden d\u00fc\u015fmesini \u00f6nleyen par\u00e7a. 2) Ke\u00e7ir. 3) Sekman.
\n KAROT VER\u0130M\u0130, Sondajda bir manevrada elde edilen karot boyunun o manevrada tak\u0131m\u0131n ilerledi\u011fi mesafeye oran\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde olarak ifadesi.
\n KARP\u0130T, 1) Kalsiyum karb\u00fcr (CaC2) bile\u015fi\u011fine ticarette verilen ad. Karpitin su ile temas\u0131nda olu\u015fan kimyasal reaksiyonda asetilen gaz\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu \u00f6zelli\u011fi nedeni ile karpit madencilikte veya di\u011fer yerlerde ayd\u0131nlatma amac\u0131 ile karpit lambalar\u0131nda, sanayide de oksijen kayna\u011f\u0131 i\u015flerinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. 2) Karpitta\u015f\u0131.
\n KARP\u0130T L\u00c2MBASI, \u0130\u00e7erisinde bulunan karpit (CaC2) ve suyun kimyasal reaksiyonu sonucunda \u00e7\u0131kan asetilen gaz\u0131n\u0131n yak\u0131lmas\u0131 ve b\u00f6ylece \u0131\u015f\u0131k vermesi esas\u0131na dayanan ayd\u0131nlatma arac\u0131. Karpit l\u00e2mbas\u0131 alevi a\u00e7\u0131kta oldu\u011fundan, patlama tehlikesi olan yerlerde kullan\u0131lmaz.
\n Karpit lambas\u0131n\u0131n vardiyada karpit t\u00fcketimi 250 gr. civar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Lamban\u0131n \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131na su, alt k\u0131sm\u0131na da karpit doldurulur. \u00dcst k\u0131s\u0131mdaki su bir kelebek vida ile ayarlanmak suretiyle alt k\u0131s\u0131mdaki karpit \u00fczerine damlat\u0131l\u0131r. Alevin \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daha fazla yararlanmak i\u00e7in lambaya bir de i\u00e7 b\u00fckey metal reflekt\u00f6r de tak\u0131labilir. Asetilenin \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 meme t\u0131kan\u0131rsa lamba s\u00f6ner; daha sonra t\u0131kal\u0131 meme f\u0131r\u00e7a ila a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. \u2014> \u015eekil
\n KARST VE KARSTLA\u015eMA, Por\u00f6z, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnebilir ve kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 fazla kaya\u00e7lar (bilhassa kire\u00e7 ta\u015flar\u0131) i\u00e7inde, bunlar boyunca veya derine do\u011fru hareket eden meteorik sularla daha az olarak \u00e7\u00f6kel havzalardan t\u00fcreyen \u0131l\u0131k ve s\u0131cak sular\u0131n; derin yerle\u015fimli ma\u011fmatik bir kaynakla ili\u015fkili s\u0131cak s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n olu\u015fturduklar\u0131, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnme, a\u015f\u0131nma ve \u00e7\u00f6kme ile olu\u015fan erime yap\u0131lar\u0131. Genel olarak \u201cKarstla\u015fma\u201d bir olay\u0131, \u201cKarst\u201d ise bu olay sonucunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan yap\u0131lar\u0131 anlat\u0131r. Karst s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Yugoslav dilinde kras ve \u0130talyan dilinde Carso s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerinin Almanca\u2019s\u0131d\u0131r.
\n KAR\u015eI A\u011eIRLIK, \u2014> Kontrupua.
\n KAR\u015eI GALER\u0130, Galeri a\u00e7mada iki y\u00f6nden ilerleme yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, birine g\u00f6re di\u011ferinin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 isim.
\n KART\u0130YE, Bir veya birka\u00e7 \u00fcretim \u00fcnitesinden olu\u015fan ocak k\u0131sm\u0131. \u2014> Kat.
\n KART\u0130YE RANDIMANI, Kartiyede yap\u0131lan \u00fcretimin; kartiyede \u00fcretim i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan i\u015f\u00e7i yevmiyesi say\u0131s\u0131na b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ile elde edilen kg\/yev veya t\/yev de\u011fer.
\n KARTU\u015e, 1) Silindir \u015feklinde haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015fka\u011f\u0131t ambalajl\u0131 patlay\u0131c\u0131 madde. Dinamit kartu\u015flar\u0131na dinamit lokumu da denir. 2) \u2014> Lokum (Dinamit lokumu).
\n KASNAK, Makinelerde birbirine paralel millerden d\u00f6nme hareketinin birinden di\u011ferine ge\u00e7mesini sa\u011flayan kay\u0131\u015flar\u0131n tak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ember. Hareket alan kasnakla hareket veren kasnak ayn\u0131 y\u00f6nde d\u00f6necekse, kay\u0131\u015fd\u00fcz tak\u0131l\u0131r, aksi y\u00f6nde d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclecekse \u00e7apraz tak\u0131l\u0131r. Hareket alan ve hareket veren kasnaklar aras\u0131nda, \u00e7ap ve devir say\u0131lar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan;
\n D1 m2
\n ——- = ——- ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r.
\n D2 m1
\n KAS\u00dcR, Yeralt\u0131 ve yer\u00fcst\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fclen arazi \u00e7atlaklar\u0131.
\n KA\u015eIK, Elle delinen la\u011f\u0131m deliklerinde delik i\u00e7inde meydana gelen tozu \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan kep\u00e7e bi\u00e7iminde bak\u0131rdan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f(barut\u00e7u \u00e7ubu\u011fu) yard\u0131mc\u0131 alet (la\u011f\u0131m ka\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131).
\n KAT , 1) Maden ocaklar\u0131nda \u00fcretim yapmaya esas te\u015fkil edecek \u015fekilde belirlenen ana \u00fcretim seviyeleri. 2) \u00dcretilen madenin ana ihra\u00e7 sistemine ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 ve havaland\u0131rma i\u00e7in maden yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yatay olarak b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere ay\u0131rmak \u00fczere s\u00fcr\u00fclen galerilerin t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7ine alan, yatay d\u00fczlem. 3) K\u00f6m\u00fcr madencili\u011finde bir maden oca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n birka\u00e7 kartiyesinden olu\u015fan k\u0131sm\u0131.
\n KAT A\u011eZI, Galerilerin kuyu ile birle\u015fti\u011fi yani insan, malzeme, cevher veya k\u00f6m\u00fcr naklinde yatay nakliyat sistemi ile dikey nakliyat sisteminin kesi\u015fti\u011fi yer
\n KATAR, 1) Lokomotif ile vagonlar\u0131n olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 (demiryolu katar\u0131) dizi. 2) Ta\u015f\u0131t dizisi. 3) Y\u00fck treni.
\n KATILAMA, Metal malzemelerin yenime (korozyon) kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ba\u015fka fiziksel \u00f6zelliklerini geli\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla uygulanan y\u00fczey i\u015flemi. Malzemenin kat\u0131lanacak b\u00f6lgesi, kat\u0131lama maddesini i\u00e7eren bir kat\u0131, s\u0131v\u0131 ya da gaz ortamda, y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klara kadar \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. Y\u00fczeyinden i\u00e7eri do\u011fru kat\u0131lanan malzemenin bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde yeni bir ala\u015f\u0131m olu\u015fur. Sanayide uygulanan ba\u015fl\u0131ca kat\u0131lama y\u00f6ntemleri, \u00e7eli\u011fin karb\u00fcrlenmesi (karbon emdirme); demirli ve demir d\u0131\u015f\u0131 metallerin kalorizasyonu (al\u00fcminyum emdirme); nikel, kobalt ya da vanadyum temelli ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131na ya da tu\u011flams\u0131 metallerin \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda y\u00fckseltgenmesini \u00f6nlemeye y\u00f6nelik seramik kaplamad\u0131r. \u2014> Sementasyon.
\n KAT\u0130NGS, \u2014> K\u0131r\u0131nt\u0131 (cuttings).
\n KAT\u2019\u0130 PROJE, \u2014> Proje.
\n KAT LA\u011eIMI, Bir maden oca\u011f\u0131nda ana \u00fcretim kat\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil etmek ve maden yataklar\u0131 veya k\u00f6m\u00fcr damarlar\u0131n\u0131 kesmek i\u00e7in s\u00fcr\u00fclen ve ana nakliyat kuyusuna ba\u011fl\u0131 olan ana la\u011f\u0131m (galeri). Ara katlarda tali kuyularla pano aras\u0131nda irtibat\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in s\u00fcr\u00fclen la\u011f\u0131mlara (galerilere) ise ara kat la\u011f\u0131m\u0131 denir. \u2014> Ocak (2).
\n KATLANMA, 1) Te\u015fekk\u00fcl eden bir antiklinal\u0131n bir tarafa devrilmesi ile meydana gelen k\u0131vr\u0131lma. 2) Nap.
\n KATMAN, \u2014> Tabaka.
\n KATOT BAKIRI, Normal olarak takriben 3ft x 3ft, bazan da daha geni\u015folabilen; kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 0,5- 7\/8 in\u00e7 ve a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 350 libreyi bulan d\u00fcz bak\u0131r levha. Katot bak\u0131r\u0131 elektrolitik bak\u0131r elde etme i\u015fleminin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olup, oldu\u011fu gibi veya eritildikten sonra filma\u015fin, k\u00fcl\u00e7e veya s\u00fcrekli d\u00f6k\u00fcm i\u015fleminden sonra piyasaya tel olarak s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr.
\n KATRAK TEZGAHI, 4 ucu mafsal tertibat\u0131 sebebiyle ileri geri hareket edebilen ve yukar\u0131dan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya do\u011fru ve di\u015fli miller vas\u0131tas\u0131 ile muayyen bir s\u00fcratle otomatik olarak inebilen, lamalar\u0131 dikine ve iki ucundan s\u0131k\u0131ca gerdirilmi\u015fbir \u00e7er\u00e7eve \u015faseden ve lamalara daimi olarak su ve kum verebilecek tertibat ve depodan, \u015faseye muayyen say\u0131da ileri geri hareketi verdiren bir motor ile bi\u00e7ilmesi arzu edilen bloklar s\u0131k\u0131ca \u00fczerine yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f, ray \u00fczerinde hareket edebilecek \u015fekilde imal edilmi\u015ftekerlekli bir vagonet \u015fasesinden olu\u015fan makine.
\n KATRAN, Organik maddelerin kuru dam\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 ile elde edilen \u00fcr\u00fcn. S\u0131v\u0131 ya\u011f k\u0131vam\u0131nda, koyu kahverengiden siyaha kadar de\u011fi\u015fen renkte, a\u011f\u0131r is kokulu, suda erimeyen bir ak\u0131c\u0131 madde olup, bitkilerden elde edilenine bitki katran\u0131, maden k\u00f6m\u00fcrlerinden elde edilenlerine de maden k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc katran\u0131 ad\u0131 verilir.
\n KAVKILI BRE\u015e, Deniz hayvanlar\u0131n\u0131n kabuklar\u0131 ile birlikte te\u015fekk\u00fcl etmi\u015fgreli bre\u015f.
\n KAVLAK, Maden ocaklar\u0131nda at\u0131mdan sonra meydana gelen \u00e7atlaklar veya di\u011fer yerlerde herhangi bir nedenle olu\u015fan k\u0131lcal \u00e7atlaklar\u0131n zamanla b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi suretiyle ana kaya\u00e7tan ayr\u0131l\u0131p ask\u0131da kalan ve tehlike yaratan, t\u0131klat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kof ses \u00e7\u0131karan ta\u015fveya cevher par\u00e7alar\u0131 veya bloklar\u0131.
\n KAVLAK\u00c7I, S\u00fcng\u00fc yard\u0131m\u0131yla kavlaklar\u0131 s\u00f6k\u00fcp d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren ki\u015fi.
\n KAVLAK D\u00dc\u015e\u00dcRME, Ate\u015flemeden sonra veya vardiya ba\u015f\u0131nda tavanda, al\u0131nda ve yanlarda bulunan gev\u015fek k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n (kavlaklar) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclerek, i\u015fyerinin emniyete al\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u015flemi.
\n KAVRAMA, 1) Vagonlar\u0131 birbirine otomatik ba\u011flama d\u00fczeni. \u2014> Kanca. 2) Borular\u0131 birbirine ba\u011flayan d\u00fczen. 3) Bir motorun milinin hareketini ba\u015fka bir mile aktarma veya ayn\u0131 eksende d\u00f6nen iki mili birbirine ba\u011flama d\u00fczenleri. 4) Ta\u015f\u0131t ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndaki debriyaj. 5) Kaplin.
\n KAV\u015eAK, \u0130ki galerinin kesi\u015fme yeri. \u0130ki galerinin kesi\u015fme durumuna g\u00f6re tahkimat \u015fekli \u00f6zel olarak imal edilerek ilerleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda yerine yerle\u015ftirilir.
\n KAVURMA, Bir metali veya bile\u015fiklerini oksijen, su buhar\u0131, C ve S veya Cl ile birlikte erime meydana getirmeden veya erime ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda bir suhunete kadar \u0131s\u0131t\u0131larak b\u00fcnyesinde bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik meydana getirmek ve bu surette metal veya bile\u015fiklerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 u\u00e7ucu bir madde halinde uzakla\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemi.
\n KAYA KR\u0130STAL\u0130, \u2014> Kuars (SiO2), Necefta\u015f\u0131.
\n KAYATUZU, Jeolojik devirlerde lag\u00fcnlerin, \u00f6zel durumlarda, buharla\u015fmas\u0131 sonunda olu\u015fan, saf halde renksiz fakat yataklardan bir\u00e7o\u011fu gri, sar\u0131, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ve hatta mavi ye\u015fil renklerinde olabilen bir hammadde. Tabaka halinde y\u0131\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015fveya marnlar aras\u0131na kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015folarak bulunur. T\u00fcrkiye de \u00f6nemli kayatuzu yataklar\u0131 \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 Sekili, Tepesidelik, G\u00fcl\u015fehir (\u0130\u00e7 Anadolu) ve Tuzluca, Ka\u011f\u0131zman (Do\u011fu Anadolu)\u2019da bulunur.
\n KAYA\u00c7, 1) Yerkabu\u011funu te\u015fkil eden, herhangi bir \u015fekilde birbirleriyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00fctlesel ve olduk\u00e7a muntazam, sa\u011flam i\u00e7 yap\u0131s\u0131 bulunan, bir veya birka\u00e7 mineralin b\u00fcnyesinde sistemli bir \u015fekilde da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015fve herzaman isbat\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olamayan bir b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck arzeden olu\u015fum.
\n 2) Genel olarak cevher veya k\u00f6m\u00fcrden ba\u015fka yerkabu\u011funu olu\u015fturan madde toplulu\u011fu 3) Ta\u015f. Kaya\u00e7lar genelikle olu\u015fumlar\u0131nda etkili olan s\u00fcrelere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u00fc\u00e7 s\u0131n\u0131fa ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Bunlar a) Magma olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan erimi\u015fmaddenin kat\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 ile olu\u015fan korkaya\u00e7lar. b) Daha \u00f6nceden var olan kaya\u00e7lardan ayr\u0131lan par\u00e7alardan ya da eriyiklerden \u00e7\u00f6kelen maddelerden olu\u015fan tortul kaya\u00e7lar. c) Korkaya\u00e7lar\u0131n ve tortul kaya\u00e7lar\u0131n mineral bile\u015fimlerinin, dokular\u0131n\u0131n ve i\u00e7 yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli ko\u015fullar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden de\u011fi\u015fmesi ile olu\u015fan ba\u015fkala\u015f\u0131m kaya\u00e7lar\u0131.
\n Bu \u00fc\u00e7 s\u0131n\u0131fa giren kaya\u00e7lar ayr\u0131ca, en ba\u015fta kimyasal, mineralojik ve yap\u0131sal \u00f6zellikleri olmak \u00fczere de\u011fi\u015fik etkenlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7ok say\u0131da alt gruba ve tipe ayr\u0131l\u0131r.
\n KAYA\u00c7B\u0130L\u0130M, \u2014> Petrografi. Ta\u015fbilim.
\n KAYA\u00c7 KR\u0130STAL\u0130, \u2014> Necefta\u015f\u0131.
\n KAYA MEKAN\u0130\u011e\u0130, \u00c7e\u015fitli etkiler alt\u0131nda bulunan kaya\u00e7lar\u0131n madde ve k\u00fctle olarak davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 teorik ve uygulamal\u0131 olarak inceleyen bilim dal\u0131. Kaya mekani\u011fi, genel mekani\u011fin bir dal\u0131 olup, kayalar\u0131n fiziksel ortamdaki kuvvet alanlar\u0131na tepkisini inceler.
\n KAYA\u00c7 \u015eAPI, \u2014> \u015eap.
\n KAYDIRMA, Uzun ayak sistemine g\u00f6re \u00fcretim yapan bir \u00fcretim yerinde ayak ilerledik\u00e7e ta\u015f\u0131ma ve \u00fcretim donat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n komple olarak al\u0131na itilmesi. \u2014> Kaz\u0131 rendesi.
\n KAYI\u015e, 1) Dar ve uzun k\u00f6sele dilimi. 2) Kasnaklar vas\u0131tas\u0131 ile iki paralel milin birinden di\u011ferine hareketi nakletmekte kullan\u0131lan lastik, k\u00f6sele vb. maddelerden yap\u0131lan eleman.
\n KAYIT, 1) Maden kuyular\u0131nda kafesin \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen do\u011frultusunu muhafaza etmesine ve kuyu i\u00e7inde yalpalanmadan hareket etmesine yarayan a\u011fa\u00e7, ray, profil, \u00e7elit halat vb. malzemeden yap\u0131lan k\u0131lavuz. Kafes halat\u0131n\u0131n kopmas\u0131 halinde, para\u015f\u00fct tabir edilen emniyet mekanizmas\u0131 kafesin kay\u0131tlara tutunarak durmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. 2) Gayt. 3) Gidaj. 4) Kuyu k\u0131lavuzu.
\n KAYMA A\u00c7ISI, Y\u0131\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015fmalzemenin kendini ta\u015f\u0131yamayarak kaymaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 e\u011fik d\u00fczlemin yatayla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131 de\u011feri. Kayma a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, denge a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan biraz daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr.
\n KAYMA \u015eEKL\u0130NDE HEYEL\u00c2N, Bir yerden ba\u015flayarak, bir y\u00fczeye yay\u0131lma \u015feklinde devam eden ve \u00e2ni olmayan heyel\u00e2n t\u00fcr\u00fc. \u2014> Heyel\u00e2n, Devrilme \u015feklinde kayma.
\n KAYMAKTA\u015eI, Rengi kar gibi beyaz olan, yar\u0131 saydam s\u0131k\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131 bir jips t\u00fcr\u00fc. Minerolojide albatr ad\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r. Buna sumermeri de denir.
\n KAYNA\u00c7TA\u015eI, \u2014> Geyzerit.
\n KAYNAK, Maden yataklar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan uzun vadeli bir kavram. Kaynak yerkabu\u011funda do\u011fal halde bulunan ve ekonomik i\u015fletilebilirli\u011fi, g\u00fcn\u00fcn ko\u015fullar\u0131nda veya ileride m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fclen; kat\u0131, s\u0131v\u0131 veya gaz konsantrasyonlar\u0131. Ancak kayna\u011f\u0131n rezerv terimi ile ifade edilen b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan k\u0131sm\u0131 da potansiyel ve varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hen\u00fcz tesbit edilememi\u015fkaynaklar olmak \u00fczere iki ayr\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmde ele al\u0131n\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece; Kaynak = Rezerv + Potansiyel + Tesbit edilmemi\u015fk\u0131s\u0131m \u015feklinde g\u00f6sterilir. Az da olsa belirli bir derinli\u011fe kadar varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilen maden k\u00fctlesinin sadece jeolojik hipotezlere dayanarak daha derinlere do\u011fru ekstrapolasyonu sonucu varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcmit edilen maden miktar\u0131n\u0131 ifade i\u00e7in \u201cPerspektif\u201d deyimi de kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u2014> \u015eekil.
\n KAYTAN V\u0130DA, \u2014> Yuvarlak di\u015fprofilli vida.
\n KAZA, 1) Kas\u0131t s\u00f6zkonusu olmaks\u0131z\u0131n, beklenmedik ve sonucu, arzu edilmeyen bir olay\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 zararla ifade edilebilen her durum. Belirli bir zarar ve yaralanmaya sebep olan her olay, genel anlamda bir kaza olmakla beraber, her zaman i\u015fkazas\u0131 olarak nitelendirilemez. 2) Beklenmedik bir \u00e7abuklukla bir zarar\u0131 do\u011furan b\u00fct\u00fcn sebepler kompleksi. Di\u011fer bir ifadeyle k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 ar\u0131zaya u\u011fratan bir olay.
\n KAZA B\u0130LD\u0130R\u0130 KA\u011eIDI, Kazaya u\u011frayan i\u015f\u00e7inin kaza sonucu durumunu bildiren resmi kay\u0131t.
\n KAZI, Cevherin veya k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn, olu\u015ftu\u011fu ortamdan, el veya yard\u0131mc\u0131 bir ara\u00e7 ile kaz\u0131larak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131. \u2014> Hafriyat.
\n KAZI KES\u0130T\u0130, 1) Bir plana ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lan at\u0131m sonucunda has\u0131l olan ve tahkimat yerle\u015ftirilmeden \u00f6nce beliren galeri kesiti. 2) Br\u00fct kesit.
\n KAZI MAL\u0130YET\u0130, Cevherin, k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn veya kayac\u0131n kaz\u0131s\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda m3 veya ton ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen harcama.
\n KAZI RANDIMANI, Kaz\u0131lan maden miktar\u0131n\u0131n kaz\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan i\u015f\u00e7i yevmiyesi adedine b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ile bulunan (kg\/yev veya t\/yev) \u00fcretim miktar\u0131.
\n KAZI RENDES\u0130, 1) Uzun ayakta k\u00f6m\u00fcr \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131lan bir t\u00fcr rendeye benzeyen gere\u00e7. Bu gere\u00e7 k\u00f6m\u00fcr damar\u0131na 5-8 cm kadar girerek yonga gibi k\u00f6m\u00fcr s\u00f6ker ve yandaki ta\u015f\u0131ma arac\u0131 \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr. 2) K\u00f6m\u00fcr saban\u0131. 3) Hobel. 4) Pulluk. 5) Saban \u2014> \u0130tme pistonu.
\n KAZI SINIFI, K\u00f6m\u00fcr i\u015fletmesinde kaz\u0131 i\u015flerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kazmac\u0131, bacac\u0131, kazmac\u0131 yede\u011fi vb. i\u015f\u00e7ileri kapsayan grup.
\n KAZI Y\u00d6N\u00dc, Hangi i\u015fletme metodu olursa olsun; madenin kaz\u0131s\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda uygulanan kaz\u0131 sisteminin ayak i\u00e7indeki ilerleme y\u00f6n\u00fc. \u2014> \u0130\u015fletme y\u00f6n\u00fc. Kapal\u0131 i\u015fletme.
\n KAZI Y\u00dcKSEKL\u0130\u011e\u0130, A\u00e7\u0131k i\u015fletmelerde kaz\u0131 yapan i\u015fmakinesinin ula\u015fabilece\u011fi azami y\u00fckseklik. Kaz\u0131 y\u00fcksekli\u011fi, basamak y\u00fcksekli\u011finden biraz k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olup, ula\u015f\u0131lamayan k\u0131sm\u0131n kendi a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ve tehlike olu\u015fturmayacak \u015fekilde d\u00fc\u015fece\u011fi dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r. \u2014> Basamak y\u00fcksekli\u011fi.
\n KAZMA, 1) Madenin \u00f6rt\u00fc tabakas\u0131n\u0131 veya yanta\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kaz\u0131p kald\u0131rmak, d\u00fczeltmek gibi i\u015flerde kullan\u0131lan a\u011fa\u00e7 sapl\u0131 demir veya \u00e7elikten imal edilen ara\u00e7. Bunlar kulland\u0131r\u0131lacaklar\u0131 i\u015fe g\u00f6re \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekillerde imal edilir. K\u00f6m\u00fcr-, ta\u015f-, demiryolu kazmas\u0131 diye isimlendirilir. 2) Kaz\u0131 yapma i\u015fi.
\n KAZMACI, 1) Yeralt\u0131 maden ocaklar\u0131nda kaz\u0131 yap\u0131lan al\u0131nda kazma veya haval\u0131 tabanca ile kaz\u0131 yap\u0131p k\u00f6m\u00fcr, maden cevheri ve di\u011fer kat\u0131 mineralleri \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 bo\u015flu\u011fun tahkimat\u0131n\u0131 yapan (ki\u015fi) usta. 2) Kazmac\u0131 ustas\u0131.
\n KAZMACI RANDIMANI, \u2014> Rand\u0131man.
\n KAZMACI USTASI, \u2014> Kazmac\u0131.
\n KAZMACI YEDE\u011e\u0130, Kazmac\u0131 yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131, kalfa.
\n KAZMA K\u00dcP\u00dcS\u00dc, K\u00f6m\u00fcr kaz\u0131s\u0131nda veya la\u011f\u0131mlarda kullan\u0131lan \u00f6zel tipteki kazman\u0131n \u00e7eki\u00e7 veya balyos gibi kullan\u0131lan dip k\u0131sm\u0131.
\n KE\u00c7E, \u2014> Salmastra.
\n KE\u00c7\u0130R, \u2014> Karot tutucusu.
\n KED\u0130 G\u00d6Z\u00dc, \u2014> Kristalin kuars.
\n KEHR\u0130BAR, (Kelibar) K\u0131r\u0131labilen, hemen hemen saydam, soluk sar\u0131 renkte, sert gibi fiziksel \u00f6zellikleri havi, soyu t\u00fckenmi\u015fbir \u00e7am a\u011fac\u0131nda bulunan \u201c s\u00fcksinit asit\u201d i\u00e7eren fosille\u015fmi\u015fre\u00e7ine. Kehribar s\u00fcrt\u00fcl\u00fcnce hafif maddeleri \u00e7eker ve Yunanca ad\u0131 \u201celektron\u201d oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, buradan\u201d elektrik\u201d kelimesi t\u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. Kehribar eski \u00e7a\u011flarda ya\u015fayan sinek ve b\u00f6cekleri de b\u00fcnyesinde fosille\u015ftirmi\u015folabilir. Duman ve aromatik kokular \u00e7\u0131kararak yanar.
\n KEK, 1) Kuyu cidar\u0131 yak\u0131n\u0131nda bulunan sondaj \u00e7amurunun bas\u0131n\u00e7 etkisi ile suyu k\u0131smen kaybederek kuyu cidar\u0131nda muayyen kal\u0131nl\u0131kta \u00e7\u00f6kmesinden has\u0131l olan ve kuyu cidar\u0131n\u0131 koruyan bentonit tabakas\u0131. 2) Cevher haz\u0131rlama tesislerinde filtrede yap\u0131lan s\u00fczme sonucu filtre y\u00fczeyinde toplanan kat\u0131 madde. 3) Pasta.
\n KELEBE, 1) Kattan kata yan ta\u015f, cevher veya k\u00f6m\u00fcr i\u00e7inde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dan yukar\u0131ya do\u011fru dik olarak a\u00e7\u0131lan (s\u00fcr\u00fclen) ba\u015fyukar\u0131. Kelebe maden, malzeme ve insan ini\u015f\u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, tek kelebe \u00e7ok ama\u00e7l\u0131 olarak da d\u00fczenlenebilir. 2) Dikba\u015fyukar\u0131. 3) B\u00fcr.
\n KELEBEK SOMUN, Kolayca \u00e7evrilebilmesi i\u00e7in kanat bi\u00e7iminde iki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 bulunan somun.
\n KELLY, Rotari tablas\u0131 sistemi ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan makinelerde, rotari hareketini tijlere ileten ve tije benzeyen kare, alt\u0131gen, yivli-silindirik kesitli \u00f6zel tak\u0131m.
\n KEMER, 1) La\u011f\u0131m, t\u00fcnel, ge\u00e7it, k\u00f6pr\u00fc g\u00f6z\u00fc, kap\u0131, pencere gibi a\u00e7malar\u0131n oyu\u011fu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 bakan yay bi\u00e7imindeki \u00fcst e\u015fi\u011fi. Bunlar\u0131n \u015fekli yar\u0131m daire, sivri, sepet kulpu veya daire par\u00e7as\u0131 \u015feklinde ve ta\u015f, tu\u011fla, beton vb. yap\u0131 malzemleri kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi sa\u011flam arazide tavana hemen kavis \u015fekli verilerek de galeri a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. 2) Bele bir kez dolan\u0131p toka ile tutturulan sert kay\u0131\u015fve keten \u00f6rg\u00fcden yap\u0131lan bel ba\u011f\u0131. Tehlikeli yerlerde, kulelerde ve kuyularda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin emniyetle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda kancal\u0131 zincir veya halatla te\u00e7hiz edilmi\u015fkemere de emniyet kemeri denir.
\n KEM\u0130K, Mermer i\u00e7indeki dolomit damarlar\u0131.
\n KENARLIK PLAK, Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde pl\u00e2klar\u0131n muayyen \u015fekil ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclere g\u00f6re, kenarlar\u0131n\u0131n kesilmi\u015fhali.
\n KENET YUVASI, Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde maden\u00ee kenetlerin ta\u015fa tesbiti i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131lan yuvalar. \u2014> Madeni kenet.
\n KENEV\u0130R HALAT, Kendir denilen bitkinin sap\u0131ndaki liflerden imal edilmi\u015fhalat.
\n KEP\u00c7E, Draglayn, ekskavat\u00f6r, y\u00fckleyici (loder) gibi kaz\u0131 ve y\u00fckleme makinelerinin toprak veya cevher kazmada ve y\u00fcklemede kullan\u0131lan belli hacimdeki kesici k\u00fcre\u011fi.
\n KEP\u00c7EL\u0130 BAGER, Kazma ve y\u00fckleme i\u015fi yapan a\u011f\u0131r i\u015fmakinesi. Kazma i\u015fi bir kep\u00e7e vas\u0131tas\u0131yla yap\u0131l\u0131r. Kep\u00e7e dip kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 ile malzeme -genellikle kamyona- bo\u015falt\u0131l\u0131r. Kep\u00e7eli bagerler \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan zemin d\u00fczleminin \u00fcst\u00fcnde durur; kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131ndaki malzemeyi \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r.
\n KEP\u00c7EL\u0130 TARAK DUBASI, \u2014> Tarak Gemisi.
\n KERESTE, 1) Tomruklar\u0131n boyuna bi\u00e7ilmesi ile elde edilen marangozluk ve in\u015faat malzemesi. 2) Yap\u0131 ve do\u011frama i\u015flerinde kullan\u0131lan kadran ve tahtalar\u0131n her \u00e7e\u015fidi.
\n KERN\u0130T (Na2 B4 O7. 4 H2O), Do\u011fada renksiz, saydam uzunlamas\u0131na i\u011fne \u015feklinde k\u00fcme kristaller halinde bulunan bir bor minerali. Atmosferik ko\u015fullarda tinkalkoni-te d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Sertli\u011fi 3, \u00f6zg\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 1,95 gr\/cm3 ve B2O3i\u00e7eri\u011fi % 51 dir. So\u011fuk suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr. K\u0131rka\u2019da tinkal (Na-borat) k\u00fctlesinin alt k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda rastlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. D\u00fcnyada ise Arjantin ve ABD\u2019de bulunur. 2) Razorit.
\n KERT\u0130, 1) K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck at\u0131ml\u0131 fay. 2) Basamak.
\n KESENE, \u2014> G\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u015fanla\u015fmas\u0131.
\n KES\u0130T, 1) \u2014> Profil. 2) Makta. 3) Bir cismin veya arazi par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n incelenebilmesi i\u00e7in kesilmesi halinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan kesinti y\u00fczeyi. Arazinin kesitine jeolojik kesit, yollar\u0131n meyil durumlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermek \u00fczere yap\u0131lan kesitlere demiryolu, karayolu kesiti vb., arazinin topo\u011frafik durumunu g\u00f6stermek \u00fczere yap\u0131lan kesite topo\u011frafik kesit denir. Kesit, yatay-, meyilli-, veya faydal\u0131 olacak her istikamette yap\u0131labilir.
\n KESKER, \u00c7akmak ta\u015f\u0131 diye isimlendirilen amorf kuars.
\n KESK\u0130, 1) Bir taraf\u0131 keskin olarak yap\u0131lan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7eki\u00e7. 2) Bir taraf\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck tornavida a\u011fz\u0131 bi\u00e7iminde ve bir taraf\u0131ndan darbe yap\u0131labilecek \u015fekilde d\u00fczlenmi\u015fyuvarlak veya \u00e7okgen kesitli \u00e7ubuk. 3)Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde kullan\u0131lan, ucu yass\u0131 fakat keskin olmayan kalem .
\n KESK\u0130N VARYOZ, \u2014> Varyos.
\n KESME, 1) K\u00f6m\u00fcr tabakalar\u0131 i\u00e7inde, k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn te\u015fekk\u00fcl\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6kelmi\u015f, bant halinde bulunan sert veya yumu\u015fak \u015fist tabakalar\u0131. 2) Arakesme. 3) Lavvarda k\u00f6m\u00fcrden ayr\u0131lan \u015fist.
\n KESME HIZI, Sondaj i\u015flemlerinde; bir dakika i\u00e7erisinde sa\u011flanan ilerlemenin metre ile ifade edilen (m\/dk) ve sondaj kronlar\u0131n\u0131n birbirleriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan h\u0131z kavram\u0131. Kesme h\u0131z\u0131, formasyon \u015fartlar\u0131na oldu\u011fu kadar se\u00e7ilen matkap cinsi, \u00e7ap, bask\u0131 ve devir say\u0131s\u0131na (d\/dk) g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir.
\n KESME K\u00d6M\u00dcR, \u2014> Mikst.
\n KESME \u015e\u0130ST, \u2014> Killi \u015fist. K\u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc \u015fist.
\n KESME TA\u015e, Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde, b\u00fct\u00fcn y\u00fczleri \u00f6n, arka, alt ve \u00fcst yanlar\u0131 ince yonu olarak i\u015flenmi\u015fta\u015flar.
\n KESON, Su alt\u0131nda s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen yap\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda veya yumu\u015fak zeminlerde temel atmakta kullan\u0131lan kasa. Kesonlar genel olarak metal veya betonarme olarak prizma yada silindir \u015feklinde, uzunluklar\u0131 ise kullan\u0131lacaklar\u0131 yerin \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re haz\u0131rlan\u0131r.
\n Suya indirilmek \u00fczere \u00fcst b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131k kasa bi\u00e7iminde imal edilecek kesonlar genellikle yerde haz\u0131rlan\u0131r ve daha sonra suya indirilerek kullan\u0131lacaklar\u0131 yere kadar y\u00fczd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr, burada kesonun kapal\u0131 taraf\u0131 daha \u00f6nce haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015fbir temel \u00fczerine oturtulur. Kesonun a\u00e7\u0131k \u00fcst b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ise su y\u00fczeyinin \u00fcst\u00fcnde kal\u0131r.
\n \u00dcst ve alt b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin her iki taraf\u0131 da a\u00e7\u0131k olan kesonlar; kullan\u0131lacaklar\u0131 yerde haz\u0131rlan\u0131r. \u2014> Keson kuyu.
\n Kaz\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda kesonun i\u00e7inde toplanan kaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fmalzeme kapma kep\u00e7e, kova, \u015flam tulumbas\u0131 vb. ara\u00e7larla d\u0131\u015far\u0131 al\u0131n\u0131r. Keson dibe oturduk\u00e7a \u00fcst b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yenileri eklenir.
\n Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 (pn\u00f6matik) kesonlar da a\u00e7\u0131k kesonlara benzer ama bunlar\u0131n kaz\u0131lan alt b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin \u00fcst\u00fcnde hava ge\u00e7irmez bir ek b\u00f6lme yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bu hava s\u0131zd\u0131rmaz b\u00f6lme ile kaz\u0131lacak yer aras\u0131nda bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava verilen bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma odas\u0131 bulunur. B\u00f6ylece kaz\u0131 yerine toprak ve su ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 denetim alt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131r. Bu \u015fekilde haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015folan kaz\u0131 odas\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7iler \u00f6zel giysilere gerek kalmadan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir.
\n Yeralt\u0131 su seviyesinin alt\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lan tuneller ve galerilerde gerekli bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava tazyi\u011fi; hidrostatik derinli\u011fe g\u00f6re her bir metre derinlik i\u00e7in tatl\u0131 su olan yerde 0,1 kg\/cm3, deniz suyu olan yerde de 0,102 kg\/cm3 olarak; uygulan\u0131r. B\u00f6yle bir bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava alt\u0131nda tunel ve galeri a\u00e7ma y\u00f6ntemi 1930 y\u0131l\u0131nda ABD\u2019de Mi\u015figan eyaleti Detroitte-Wintson, Ontario tunelinin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 ve 1948 y\u0131l\u0131nda Zonguldakta kurulan \u00c7atala\u011fz\u0131 santral\u0131na denizden so\u011futma suyu almak i\u00e7in deniz alt\u0131na s\u00fcr\u00fclen galerinin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131nda uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n KESON KUYU, 1) Kuyu kaz\u0131lmas\u0131nda gev\u015fek (\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fck, ak\u0131c\u0131 ve sulu) formasyonlarda uygulanan \u00f6zel bir kuyu kaz\u0131 metodu. \u00c7\u00fcr\u00fck arazide kuyu kaz\u0131lacak yerde \u00e7ember \u015feklinde bir mahmuz haz\u0131rlanarak, mahmuzun \u00fcst\u00fcne, tu\u011fla, beton veya betonarme kuyu tahkimat\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bu yapma kuyunun taban\u0131nda kuyu kaz\u0131s\u0131na ba\u015flan\u0131r. Kuyu derinle\u015ftik\u00e7e yapma kuyu kendi a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile arazinin i\u00e7ine kayar ve \u00fcst\u00fcne tahkimat ilave edilerek kaz\u0131ya devam edilir.
\n Arazi i\u00e7ine kaymay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in, \u00f6zel durumlarda hidrolik bask\u0131 uygulan\u0131r.
\n Genellikle 30 m olan derinliklere kadar inilir. Bu kuyu kaz\u0131 metodu ile 180 m\u2019ye kadar inilebildi\u011fi olmu\u015ftur. 2) Bat\u0131rmal\u0131 kuyu.
\n KE\u015e\u0130F SONDAJI, Mevcut oldu\u011fu tahmin edilen maden yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n rezervi ve tektonik yap\u0131s\u0131 ile ten\u00f6r veya kalitesinin \u00f6\u011frenilmesi, rezervinin saptanmas\u0131, \u00e7e\u015fitli kotlarda ten\u00f6r veya kalite de\u011fi\u015fikliklerinin bilinmesi, maden yata\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n tesbit edilmesi, yan kayac\u0131n niteliklerinin bulunmas\u0131 ve yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131n\u0131n durumu hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinilmesi amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lan sondaj.
\n KEYS\u0130NG \u015eU (Casing shoe), \u2014> \u00c7ar\u0131k.
\n KILAVUZ, Y\u00fcksekli\u011fi galeri y\u00fcksekli\u011fi kadar olan damar\u0131n do\u011frultusu boyunca, damar i\u00e7inde s\u00fcr\u00fclen uzunca ve yan tarafta topuklarla veya cevherle s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015folan bir arama, \u00fcretim veya haz\u0131rl\u0131k galerisi (yolu). Genellikle ince damarlarda k\u0131lavuzlar\u0131n tavan ve taban\u0131n\u0131, damar meyli az ise, cevher veya k\u00f6m\u00fcr yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tavan ve taban\u0131; damar meyli dik ise, cevher veya k\u00f6m\u00fcr te\u015fkil eder. Kal\u0131n maden yataklar\u0131nda k\u0131lavuzlar maden yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n istikametinde cevher veya k\u00f6m\u00fcr i\u00e7inde veya maden yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tavan\u0131n\u0131 veya taban\u0131n\u0131 takip ederek s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Tavan veya taban takip edilerek s\u00fcr\u00fclen k\u0131lavuzlar tavan veya taban k\u0131lavuzu diye isimlendirilir. \u2014> Taban (tavan) galerileri.
\n KILAVUZ DEL\u0130KLER\u0130, Galeri ilerlemelerinde, formasyon i\u00e7erisinde su veya gaz birikimi olmas\u0131 muhtemel yerlerde emniyeti tahkik etmek veya ilerlemeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak ama\u00e7lar\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131lan ve boylar\u0131 be\u015fmetre civar\u0131nda olan sondaj delikleri.
\n KILAVUZ FOS\u0130L, Tortul tabakalar fosilli oldu\u011fu zaman bunlar\u0131n te\u015fekk\u00fcl etti\u011fi devri ve zaman\u0131 tesbit etmeye yarayan ve o devri karakterize eden ta\u015fla\u015fm\u0131\u015fbitki veya hayvan kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131. \u2014> Karakteristik fosil.
\n KILI\u00c7 DAMAR, \u2014> Damar (yat\u0131m\u0131) meyli.
\n KILIFLI PATLAYICI MADDE, Sulu yer-lerde a\u00e7\u0131lan deliklerde kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere \u00f6zel bir kap (manto) i\u00e7inde pazarlanan patlay\u0131c\u0131 madde.
\n KILSAY, Mermer bloklar i\u00e7indeki ince ve muhtelif istikametlerdeki silis veya aragonit damarlar\u0131.
\n KIRICI, \u2014> Konkas\u00f6r.
\n KIRILMA, Minerallerin k\u0131r\u0131lma y\u00fczeyinin ifadesi. \u0130yi dilinim g\u00f6stermeyen minerallerin darbe tesiri ile par\u00e7alanmas\u0131. Mineralin k\u0131r\u0131lan y\u00fcz\u00fc k\u0131r\u0131lma g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcne g\u00f6re konkoidal k\u0131r\u0131lma (Obsidiyen), d\u00fcz olmayan k\u0131r\u0131lma (arsenopirit), topraks\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131lma (kil), vb. \u00e7e\u015fitli ifadelerle belirlenir. Yeni meydana gelmi\u015fk\u0131r\u0131klar mineralin ger\u00e7ek rengini g\u00f6sterir. \u2014> Refraksiyon.
\n KIRILMA MUKAVEMET\u0130, Bir kayac\u0131n \u00fczerine dik olarak yap\u0131lan bas\u0131nca kar\u015f\u0131 bu kayac\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131lma an\u0131nda g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi mukavemet. Bu mukavemet 1 cm3 ve 1 in\u00e73\u2019l\u00fck numuneler \u00fczerinde test yap\u0131larak bulunur. Test par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil eden prizman\u0131n boyu k\u0131sa olursa mukavemet y\u00fcksek, uzun olursa mukavemet d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olur.
\n KIRINTI, 1) Sondajda matkaplar\u0131n formasyondan kopard\u0131klar\u0131 ve devridaim s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131 ile yery\u00fcz\u00fcne at\u0131lan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck par\u00e7ac\u0131klar. 2) \u2014> Katings. 3) Sediman.
\n KIRMA, 1) Mineral veya kayac\u0131n boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltmek ve b\u00f6ylece 10 mm\u2019ye kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lan i\u015flem. Bu da kaba k\u0131rma ve ince k\u0131rma diye iki ayr\u0131 safhada yap\u0131labilir. Kaba k\u0131rma i\u015fleminde boyutlar 15 cm\u2019ye kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. 2) \u0130ri boyuttaki ufalama.
\n KIRMATA\u015e, \u2014> Balast.
\n KIRMIZI ALTIN, 24 karatl\u0131k saf alt\u0131na g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fyerine bak\u0131r\u0131n kat\u0131lmas\u0131yla elde edilen ve k\u0131z\u0131l renginden dolay\u0131 halk aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan alt\u0131n cinsi tan\u0131mlamas\u0131. \u2014> Alt\u0131n ayar\u0131.
\n KIRMIZI BAKIR, Saf bak\u0131ra verilen ad.
\n KIRMIZI KUR\u015eUN, \u2014> S\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fen.
\n KIRMIZI ZIRNIK, Bir arsenik minerali olan turuncu rengindeki realgara (As2 S2) halk aras\u0131nda verilen isim. \u2014> Arsenik.
\n KIR\u015eEH\u0130R TA\u015eI \u2014> Hac\u0131bekta\u015fta\u015f\u0131.
\n KISA GEC\u0130KMEL\u0130 KAPS\u00dcL, \u2014> Milisani-yeli kaps\u00fcl.
\n KISM\u0130 RAMBLE, Yeralt\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lan bo\u015fluklara muntazam aral\u0131klarla yap\u0131lan dolgu t\u00fcr\u00fc. Zamandan ve harcamadan tasarruf amac\u0131 ile de yap\u0131lan bu ramble (dolgu) t\u00fcr\u00fc, damar istikametinde tarak \u015feklinde bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmde oldu\u011fundan bu dolguya \u201ctarakl\u0131 ramble\u201d de denir.
\n KIT\u2019A SAHANLI\u011eI, Kara \u00fclkesinin denizin dibindeki uzant\u0131s\u0131na verilen ad. Do\u011fal uzant\u0131 200 mile kadar gitmiyorsa belirlenmesi gereken uzant\u0131. Bir \u00fclke kendi k\u0131ta sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bal\u0131klar, deniz dibindeki petrol dahil her t\u00fcrl\u00fc madenleri i\u015fletme hakk\u0131n\u0131 kazan\u0131r ve ekonomik imkanlar\u0131 denetler. Bu b\u00f6lge \u00fczerinde seyreden gemilerin ge\u00e7i\u015fhakk\u0131na kar\u0131\u015famaz.
\n KIVAM TANKI, \u2014> Kondisyoner.
\n KIVILCIM, 1) Demir, \u00e7elik ve ta\u015fgibi maddelerin birbirleri ile g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda s\u0131\u00e7rayan ate\u015fdurumundaki zerre. 2) Yanmakta olan bir maddeden herhangi bir etki sonucu kopup s\u0131\u00e7rayan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ate\u015fpar\u00e7as\u0131.
\n KIVRIM, Kaya\u00e7 tabakalar\u0131nda yan bas\u0131n\u00e7 etkisi ile dalgal\u0131 bir \u015fekilde meydana gelen b\u00fck\u00fclmeler. K\u0131vr\u0131mlar\u0131n semer \u015fekilli \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na \u2014> Antiklinal, tekne, \u015fekilli girintilerine de \u2014> Senklinal denir. Her k\u0131vr\u0131m\u0131n iki taraf\u0131nda bulunan e\u011fimli tabakalara o k\u0131vr\u0131m\u0131n yanlar\u0131, iki yan\u0131n v\u00fccuda getirdi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131y\u0131 ortalayan d\u00fczleme de eksen d\u00fczlemi, bu d\u00fczlemin tabakay\u0131 kesmek suretiyle y\u00fczeyde has\u0131l etti\u011fi \u00e7izgiye k\u0131vr\u0131m ekseni denir. Yanlardaki e\u011fimli tabakalar\u0131n do\u011frultusu \u2014> (\u0130stikameti) k\u0131vr\u0131mlar\u0131n eksenine paralel,\u2014> E\u011fimleri (Yat\u0131mlar\u0131) ise do\u011frultulara diktir. K\u0131vr\u0131mlar\u0131n b\u00fck\u00fck olan k\u0131sm\u0131na \u015farniyer denir. K\u0131vr\u0131m ekseni de \u015farniyerin do\u011frultusunu g\u00f6sterir.
\n K\u0131vr\u0131mlar\u0131n basit bir \u015fekli monoklinal k\u0131vr\u0131m veya fleks\u00fcrd\u00fcr. \u2014> \u015eekil. Ekseriya yatay tabakalarda daha belirgin olan bu \u00e7e\u015fit k\u0131vr\u0131m tek yanl\u0131 olup tabakalar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6kmesi ile has\u0131l olur. \u00c7\u00f6kme olay\u0131 \u015fiddetli olursa k\u0131vr\u0131lan k\u0131s\u0131m fazla gerilir, incele\u015fir ve nihayet k\u0131r\u0131larak k\u0131vr\u0131m bir \u2014> Fay \u015feklini al\u0131r.
\n K\u0131vr\u0131mlar; Normal, \u0130zoklinal, Yelpaze \u015fekilli k\u0131vr\u0131mlar olarak \u00fc\u00e7 \u015fekilde meydana gelir. Bunlar do\u011fru, e\u011fik ve devrik olabilir.<\/p>\n

KIVRIM FAYLARI, \u2014> G\u00fcl diyagram\u0131.
\n KIVRIM EKSEN\u0130 , \u2014> K\u0131vr\u0131m.
\n KIYI FAS\u0130YES\u0130, Deniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6kelmi\u015folan konglomera ve greler gibi iri taneli tortul kaya\u00e7lar. \u2014> Fasiyes.
\n KIZAK, Seyyar (mobil) bir makineye ait \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fcnitelerin (motor, \u015fanz\u0131man, sondaj \u00fcnitesi gibi) \u00fczerine monte edildi\u011fi \u00e7elikten yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u015fase.
\n KIZAKLI KAU\u00c7UK HASIR, Ramble yap\u0131l\u0131rken, ramble malzemesinin al\u0131n taraf\u0131na akmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in, aya\u011f\u0131n \u00fcretim yap\u0131lan taraf\u0131na zemin ile sarmalar aras\u0131na konulan ve gerdirme tablas\u0131 ile demir direklere dayayarak ayr\u0131ca \u00fczerinde mevcut d\u00fczenle iyice gerdirilerek sun\u2019i bir duvar durumuna getirilen perde. Eski ramble ile has\u0131r perde aras\u0131nda kalan bo\u015fluk s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak doldurulduktan sonra, kau\u00e7uk has\u0131r perde vin\u00e7 halat\u0131 ile k\u0131zak \u00fczerinde \u00e7ekilir ve bir sonraki ramble i\u00e7in haz\u0131r hale getirilir. Buna ramble perdesi de denir.
\n KIZIL\u00d6TES\u0130, \u2014> Enfraruj.
\n KIZILYAKUT, \u2014> Lalta\u015f\u0131.
\n KIZI\u015eMA, K\u00f6m\u00fcr madenlerinde, panolarda yap\u0131lan yetersiz havaland\u0131rma veya stoklardaki k\u00f6m\u00fcrlerde k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn veya k\u00f6m\u00fcr i\u00e7inde bulunan piritin yava\u015fyanmas\u0131 sonucu meydana gelen \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131lmamas\u0131 sonucu k\u00f6m\u00fcr \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckselmesi. K\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn k\u0131z\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 sonucu yava\u015fyanma a\u00e7\u0131k alevli yanmaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir. Buna spontane (kendili\u011finden tutu\u015fma) yang\u0131n denir. \u2014> K\u00f6m\u00fcrleri stoklama.
\n K\u0130CK KANUNU, K\u0131rma olay\u0131n\u0131 tanelerin hacim k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ele alan ve buna g\u00f6re k\u0131rma i\u00e7in sarfedilen enerjinin, hacim k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmesi ile do\u011fru orant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirten prensip.\u2014> Charles genel k\u0131r\u0131lma kanunu.
\n K\u0130L, 1) Bile\u015fimi sulu al\u00fcminyum silikat olup i\u00e7inde mikroskobik kuars, feldispat, muskovit, turmalin, topaz vb. mineraller bulunan, dile dokunduruldu\u011fu zaman yap\u0131\u015fan, tanecikleri 0,00025 cm. den daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, birbirine yap\u0131\u015f\u0131k par\u00e7alardan meydana gelen, feldispatlar\u0131n, gra-nite benzer kaya\u00e7lar\u0131n ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131ndan olu\u015fan, g\u00f6l diplerinde ve di\u011fer sakin sularda tabakalar halinde \u00e7\u00f6kelen, \u0131slak iken kaygan, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, esmer, sar\u0131, siyah renkli kaya\u00e7. 2) Tanecikleri 0,004 mm\u2019den daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, \u00e7imentolanmam\u0131\u015fkil mineralleri toplulu\u011fu. Kil; tu\u011fla, \u00e7\u00f6mlek, porselen, seramik vb. sanayilerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Yar\u0131dan fazla SiO2 ihtiva eden, renk giderme \u00f6zelli\u011fi olan, beyaz, sar\u0131, kahverengi ve mavi renkteki killere lekeci \u00e7amuru veya \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r topra\u011f\u0131 denir. 3) Minerolojik bile\u015fiminde % 90\u2019a kadar kil minerali bulunduran kaya\u00e7.
\n K\u0130L\u0130T, 1) Tavan ve yan bas\u0131n\u00e7lara kar\u015f\u0131 a\u011fa\u00e7 veya madeni ba\u011flar\u0131 takviye i\u00e7in, bunlar\u0131n alt\u0131na yap\u0131lan iki sarma ve sarmalar aras\u0131 vurulan f\u0131r\u00e7alarla olu\u015fan ilave tahkimat. 2) \u0130ki ucundaki yuvalara civata ge\u00e7irilerek kapanan yar\u0131m bakla zincir veya halatlar\u0131 eklemeye yarayan makine par\u00e7as\u0131. 3) Kap\u0131, pencere, \u00e7ekmece vb. yerlerin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p kapanmas\u0131n\u0131 kontrol alt\u0131na almaya yarayan ve anahtarla i\u015fleyen ayg\u0131t. 4) Ta\u015fkemer in\u015faat\u0131nda kemerin tepesini ba\u011flayan in\u015faat ta\u015f\u0131, anahtar-, kilit ta\u015f\u0131.
\n K\u0130L\u0130T TA\u015eI, Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde kemerlerin \u00fcst ortas\u0131ndaki ta\u015f.
\n K\u0130LL\u0130 DAMAR, Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde bank i\u00e7inde, umumiyetle yatak sath\u0131na paralel olan, de\u011fi\u015fen \u015fekil ve kal\u0131nl\u0131ktaki ve yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 kabiliyeti haiz ve i\u00e7inde kil bulunan damar.
\n K\u0130LL\u0130 \u015e\u0130ST, 1) Killi bir kayac\u0131n kal\u0131n \u00f6rt\u00fc tabakalar\u0131 alt\u0131nda mekanik etkilerle (dinamometamorfizma) sertle\u015fmesi (\u015fistle\u015fmesi) ile meydana gelen kaya\u00e7. Killi \u015fistin rengi mavi, siyah, gri, ye\u015fil ve bazen k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131mtrak olur. Siyah renkli \u015fistlerin i\u00e7inde bir miktar k\u00f6m\u00fcr vard\u0131r. 2) Argilolit.
\n K\u0130L SIKILAMASI, Patlay\u0131c\u0131 madde ile doldurulan la\u011f\u0131m deli\u011finin geri kalan k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n kil ile doldurulmas\u0131.
\n K\u0130MYASAL \u00c7\u00d6KELLER, Sular i\u00e7inde erimi\u015fbir halde bulunan maddelerin \u00e7\u00f6kelmesinden meydana gelen kaya\u00e7lar veya mineral toplulu\u011fu.
\n K\u0130MYASAL KROM, Krom oran\u0131 % 45 civar\u0131nda, krom: demir oran\u0131 1,6:1, SiO2 % 8\u2019den az ve k\u00fck\u00fcrd\u00fc \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan krom cevheri. Kimyasal krom tamamen sodyum dikromatlar\u0131n elde edilmesinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu i\u015fi\u00e7in konsantre edilmi\u015fkrom cevheri tercih edilir.
\n K\u0130RE\u00c7, Kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n (kalker) y\u00fcksek bir \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n etkisi alt\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 ile elde edilen kalsiyum oksit (CaO)dan ibaret (s\u00f6nmemi\u015fkire\u00e7) beyaz madde. B\u00fcnyesinde kil oran\u0131 % 6\u2019ya kadar olan kirece ya\u011fl\u0131 kire\u00e7, % 6\u2019dan fazla olanlara da zay\u0131f kire\u00e7 denir. Kire\u00e7 su ile s\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015fkire\u00e7 haline getirildikten sonra kumla kar\u0131l\u0131r ve yap\u0131 harc\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n K\u0130RE\u00c7 KAYMA\u011eI, Kalsiyum klor\u00fcrden ibaret sar\u0131ms\u0131 beyaz renkte ve klor kokusunda toz. Dezenfektan ve beyazlat\u0131c\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n K\u0130RE\u00c7 S\u00d6ND\u00dcRME, Kalsine edilmi\u015f(yak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f) kire\u00e7 ta\u015f\u0131ndan elde edilen s\u00f6nmemi\u015fkirecin (CaO) su i\u00e7inde Ca(OH)2 haline getirilmesi.
\n K\u0130RE\u00c7 TA\u015eI, 1) Kire\u00e7 yapmakta kullan\u0131lan \u00f6zellikle kalsiyum karbonattan olu\u015fmu\u015fkaya\u00e7. 2) Kalker.
\n K\u0130RE\u00c7 YAKMA, \u2014> Kalsinasyon.
\n K\u0130REM\u0130T-TU\u011eLA TOPRA\u011eI, Tekni\u011fine uygun i\u015flendi\u011finde atmosferik etkilere dayan\u0131kl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnler veren, taneli par\u00e7alardan ar\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, yeterli derecede rutubetlendirildi\u011finde iyi \u015fekil alma \u00f6zelli\u011fi g\u00f6steren, keskin kenarl\u0131 \u015fekillendirmeyi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lan, yava\u015fyava\u015fkurutmada \u00e7atlamalar g\u00f6stermeyen, pi\u015firildi\u011finde d\u00fcz ve keskin kenarl\u0131 fig\u00fcrler veren, iyi t\u0131nlama sesi \u00e7\u0131karan, porozitesi az kil topra\u011f\u0131. \u0130ri taneler (kuvars feldispat, granit, killi \u015fist) ihtiva eden killer de kiremit ve tu\u011fla topra\u011f\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131labilir. Zararl\u0131 unsurlar (kalker, pirit, jips, vb.) ihtiva eden killer kiremit-tu\u011fla imaline yaramazlar.
\n K\u0130R\u0130\u015e, 1) \u00c7ift destekli ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 (yatay) yap\u0131 eleman\u0131. 2) \u0130n\u015faatta, d\u00f6\u015feme tahtalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7akmak \u00fczere k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7lama yerle\u015ftirilen dikd\u00f6rtgen kesitli kal\u0131n kereste. 3) Profil demiri ya da betonarme yap\u0131da d\u00f6\u015feme a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve d\u00f6\u015feme \u00fcst\u00fcne gelen y\u00fckleri ta\u015f\u0131yan ve kolonlara ileten yap\u0131 \u00fcnitesi.
\n K\u0130R\u0130\u015e BOYUNDURUK, Ramble duvar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki a\u011fa\u00e7 sarmalar\u0131 koruyan ve tavana direkt temas ederek tavan bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 tutan yatay konumdaki ray demiri. \u2014> \u015eekil.
\n K\u0130RL\u0130 HAVA, \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan yerlerden ge\u00e7irilerek kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015fve sonra hava \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015ftaraf\u0131na y\u00f6neltilmi\u015focak havas\u0131 (% 78 N2, % 17 O2, % 4 CO2 , % 1 Asal gazlar.)
\n K\u0130VCET-CS Y\u00d6NTEM\u0130, \u2014> Kivcet y\u00f6ntemi.
\n K\u0130VCET-LZ Y\u00d6NTEM\u0130, \u2014> Kivcet y\u00f6ntemi.
\n K\u0130VCET Y\u00d6NTEM\u0130, Bak\u0131r ve kur\u015fun metalleri \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131lan pirometalurjik prensiplere dayanan ve fla\u015fsmelting y\u00f6ntemini esas alan izabe f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131. Rusya\u2019da geli\u015ftirilmi\u015folan bu y\u00f6ntemde sinterleme, y\u00fcksek f\u0131r\u0131n, curuf alma gibi k\u0131s\u0131mlar kombine edilerek otojen olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir direkt ergitme prosesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu izabe y\u00f6nteminde iki d\u00fc\u015fey b\u00f6l\u00fcm, su ile so\u011futmal\u0131 b\u00f6lme ile birbirinden ayr\u0131lan ergitme ve at\u0131k gaz \u015faftlar\u0131 bulunur. Kivcet ad\u0131; oksijen-fla\u015f-siklon ve elektrotermik y\u00f6ntem kelimelerinin Rus\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131ndan olu\u015fur. Sistem kuru s\u00fclf\u00fcr konsantresinin siklonlarda oksijenle kavrulduktan sonra fla\u015fergitme yoluyla izabe edilip zengin SO2 gaz\u0131n\u0131n at\u0131lmas\u0131na dayan\u0131r. Eriyik daha sonra bir elektrik rezistans f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131nda baz\u0131 reaksiyonlar\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in indirgeyici bir ortamda (\u00f6rne\u011fin, \u00e7inkonun buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in) bekletilir. Burada bak\u0131r, nikel, kobalt ve de\u011ferli metaller mat faz\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131r ve periyodik olarak d\u00f6k\u00fcm yap\u0131l\u0131r. Daha sonra bilinen y\u00f6ntemlerle konvertisaj\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r. \u2014> \u015eekil. Kivcet y\u00f6nteminin genellikle Kivcet-CS ve Kivcet-LZ olmak \u00fczere iki \u015fekli vard\u0131r. Kivcet CS kur\u015fun \u00fcretimi a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olup Pb-Zn, Pb-Zn-Cu ve Pb-Cu konsantrelerini i\u015flemede tercih edilir ve \u00f6rne\u011fin; % 60,6 Pb; % 0,30 Cu bulunan bir konsantreden; kur\u015funun % 96,5\u2019u ve bak\u0131r\u0131n % 85\u2019i elde edilir. Kivcet-LZ y\u00f6ntemi ise selektif veya kollektif bak\u0131r bazl\u0131 konsantrelerin ekstraksiyonunda avantajl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin % 14,24 Cu, % 2,46 Pb, olan konsantrenin ergitilmesi sonunda mat i\u00e7inde bak\u0131r\u0131n % 97,9\u2019u, kur\u015funun % 37\u2019si toplan\u0131r \u2014> Bak\u0131r \u00fcretimi, \u015eekil.
\n K\u0130ZELGUR, \u2014> Diyatomit.
\n KLAS\u0130F\u0130KASYON, \u00c7e\u015fitli tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde olan par\u00e7alar\u0131n durgun veya hareket halinde ak\u0131\u015fkan bir ortamda, tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne g\u00f6re ayr\u0131lmas\u0131. Tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne g\u00f6re tasnif.
\n KLAS\u0130F\u0130KAT\u00d6R, 1) Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k durumda olup tasnife tabi tutulmak \u00fczere verilen kaya\u00e7 ve mineral par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne veya yo\u011funluklar\u0131na g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmaya yarayan cihaz. 2) Tasnif edici. 3) S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131.
\n KLEPE, 1) Kapak. 2) Bir borudan ge\u00e7en ak\u0131\u015fkan\u0131n ge\u00e7ti\u011fi y\u00f6nde a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p, ters y\u00f6ne akmak istemesi halinde otomatik kapan\u0131r kapakl\u0131 vana.. 3) Genellikle pistonlu pompalarda ak\u0131\u015fkan\u0131n ge\u00e7ti\u011fi muayyen ge\u00e7itleri t\u0131kayan yayl\u0131 kapak veya bilyalar.
\n KL\u0130NOMETRE, Genel anlamda e\u011fim \u00f6l\u00e7me aleti. 1) Yar\u0131s\u0131na kadar hidrofluorikasit (HF) doldurularak a\u011fz\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ca kapanm\u0131\u015fbir cam t\u00fcp\u00fcn tak\u0131m dizisi i\u00e7ine monte edilebilen met\u00e2l mahfazas\u0131ndan olu\u015fan, sondaj kuyular\u0131n\u0131n e\u011fitimini \u00f6l\u00e7en gere\u00e7. \u2014> \u015eekil. 2) E\u011fim \u00f6l\u00e7er.\u2014> Is\u0131tma cihaz\u0131, E\u011fim \u00f6l\u00e7er.
\n KL\u0130VAJ, 1) Cevher, k\u00f6m\u00fcr ve yanta\u015flarda te\u015fekk\u00fcl etmi\u015folan ve genellikle g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen \u00e7atlaklar. Kaz\u0131 i\u015flerinde kolayl\u0131k sa\u011flamas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan bu \u00e7atlaklardan yararlan\u0131l\u0131r. 2) Petrografide, tabakala\u015fma y\u00fczeyleri ile b\u00fcy\u00fck bir a\u00e7\u0131 yapacak \u015fekilde te\u015fekk\u00fcl etmi\u015folan ve kolayca ayr\u0131lma veya yar\u0131lma \u00f6zelli\u011fi g\u00f6steren birbirine paralel y\u00fczeyler. Klivaj bas\u0131n\u00e7 sonucunda olu\u015fur, kaya\u00e7lara sekonder bir yap\u0131 verir. Bu bas\u0131n\u00e7, baz\u0131 kaya\u00e7larda da yeniden kristalle\u015fmeye (rekristalizasyon) neden olur. 3) Kristalografide, kristallerin birbirine paralel y\u00fczeylerinin kolay\u00e7a birbirinden ay\u0131rma \u00f6zelli\u011fi.
\n KLOR\u00dcRLE\u015eT\u0130R\u0130C\u0130 KAVURMA, Metal bile\u015fiklerini klorla veya klor bile\u015fikleri ile \u0131s\u0131tarak metalin klor\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc elde etmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan i\u015flem.
\n KL\u0130NKER, 1) \u00c7imento \u00fcretiminde hammadde-nin kavrulmas\u0131 sonucu elde edilen ara \u00fcr\u00fcn. 2) K\u00f6m\u00fcr kullan\u0131lan kazanlarda k\u00fcl\u00fcn ergimesi sonucu meydana gelen c\u00fcruf.
\n KL\u0130NKER TU\u011eLASI, Sinterle\u015fmeye kadar pi\u015firilmi\u015f, birim a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bas\u0131n\u00e7 dayan\u0131m\u0131 y\u00fcksek ve dona dayan\u0131kl\u0131 in\u015faat tu\u011flas\u0131.
\n KOAKS\u0130YAL KABLO, Biri i\u00e7te di\u011feri de bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda e\u015feksenli boru bi\u00e7iminde olacak \u015fekilde imal edilmi\u015fiki iletkenli bir kablo. Bu iletkenlerden d\u0131\u015ftaki, boru bi\u00e7iminde, i\u00e7teki iletken ise dairesel kesitli, \u00e7ap\u0131 da borunun \u00e7ap\u0131ndan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olan ve borunun i\u00e7ine, boru ile e\u015feksenli olacak bi\u00e7imde yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015fbir teldir. Bu tel seyrek olarak yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015fyal\u0131tkan destekler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile borunun tam ortas\u0131nda tutulur. Birka\u00e7 koaksiyal kablo, ileti\u015fim ama\u00e7l\u0131 ba\u015fka iletkenlerle birlikte, ortak bir k\u0131l\u0131f i\u00e7ine de yerle\u015ftirilebilir. Telekominikasyon i\u015flerinde belirli ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n KOBALT, Yo\u011funlu\u011fu 8,8 gr\/cm3 olan 1490\u00bdC\u2019da ergiyen, sert ve k\u0131r\u0131lgan k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131ms\u0131 beyaz melat; atom numaras\u0131 27, atom k\u00fctlesi 58-93 olan kimyasal element (simgesi Co). Do\u011fal kobalt t\u00fcm\u00fcyle kararl\u0131 izotopu olan kobalt-59\u2019dan olu\u015fur; en uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc yapay radyoaktif izotopu olan kobalt 60 (yar\u0131 \u00f6mr\u00fc 5,3 y\u0131l), kobalt-59\u2019un n\u00fckleer reakt\u00f6rde n\u00f6tronlarla \u0131\u015f\u0131nlanmas\u0131 suretiyle \u00fcretilir.
\n KOBUT, Kaba i\u015flenmi\u015foltuta\u015f\u0131.
\n KO\u00c7 BOYNUZU, 1) Varagel ve vin\u00e7lerde halat\u0131n ucunda bulunan ko\u015fum tak\u0131m\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131, emniyet bak\u0131m\u0131ndan vagonun halkas\u0131ndan herhangi bir nedenle kolayca \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek \u00fczere, ucu ko\u00e7 boynuzu (helisel) bi\u00e7iminde \u015feklinde k\u0131vr\u0131lm\u0131\u015fkanca. 2) Sondajda bir t\u00fcr tahlisiye ucu.
\n KOJENERASYON, Bile\u015fik, \u0131s\u0131 ve elektrik \u00fcretimi. Termik santrallarda enerjinin ancak % 35 civar\u0131ndaki k\u0131sm\u0131 faydal\u0131 hale d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilmekte, geri kalan k\u0131s\u0131m ise, \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fbuhar\u0131, kazan kay\u0131plar\u0131 ve jenerat\u00f6r kay\u0131plar\u0131 olmak \u00fczere d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya at\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Santral\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fbuhar\u0131 ile d\u0131\u015far\u0131 at\u0131lan enerji ba\u015fka ama\u00e7la yeniden kullan\u0131larak sistemin verimi % 70 mertebesine \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilmektedir. Proses gere\u011fi buhar kullanmas\u0131 gereken sanayi tesisleri, \u0131s\u0131 santral\u0131nda elektrik enerjisi de \u00fcretmeyi \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc takdirde bu anlamda enerji tasarrufu sa\u011flayabilir.KONKO\u0130DAL KIRILMA, \u2014> K\u0131r\u0131lma.
\n KOK GAZI, Kalorifik de\u011feri 4500 Kcal\/m3 olup, terkibinde, % 50-55 H, % 25 CH4, % 12 N2, % 6 CO % 3 CO2, % 2 di\u011fer hidrokarbonlar bulunan ve ta\u015fk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn kokla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda elde edilen yan\u0131c\u0131 gaz. Gaz hava gaz\u0131 olarak da kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n KOKARDENERZ, Yanta\u015f\u0131 te\u015fkil eden ana formasyonun \u00e7atlaklar\u0131na birbirine paralel damarlar halinde \u00e7\u00f6kelen kur\u015fun-\u00e7inko cevherlerinin ayn\u0131 zamanda yanta\u015ftan koparak \u00e7atlak i\u00e7ine yerle\u015fmi\u015fpar\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evresini kabuk gibi saran kur\u015fun-\u00e7inko cevherleriyle olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 bir cins cevher t\u00fcr\u00fc.
\n KOK\u0130L, 1) Bir kum kal\u0131b\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilen, \u00fczerinde ergitilen madenin kat\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, maden par\u00e7as\u0131. 2) D\u00f6k\u00fcmhanede kullan\u0131lan maden kal\u0131p. Kokil kal\u0131plama, d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fc yap\u0131lacak her par\u00e7a i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 bir kum kal\u0131p haz\u0131rlamak zorunlu\u011funu ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, d\u00f6k\u00fcm i\u015flerini basitle\u015ftirir. Bu kal\u0131plama sistemi, ergime s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 800\u00b0 C\u2019in alt\u0131nda olan ala\u015f\u0131mlar i\u00e7in \u00e7ok elveri\u015flidir; buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, kokillerin kendileri de d\u00f6kme demir veya \u00e7elikten oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, demirli ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fcnde baz\u0131 sak\u0131ncalar yarat\u0131r. \u2014> D\u00f6k\u00fcm.
\n KOK\u0130L D\u00d6K\u00dcM, \u2014> Kokil.
\n KOK\u0130L KALIPLAMA, \u2014> Kokil.
\n KOK K\u00d6M\u00dcR\u00dc, \u2014> Kok.
\n KOKLA\u015eMA, K\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn herhangi bir d\u0131\u015fetki ile b\u00fcnyesindeki gazlar\u0131n azalmas\u0131 sonucu por\u00f6z bir hal almas\u0131. K\u00f6m\u00fcrle\u015fmesi belirli bir d\u00fczeye eri\u015fmi\u015folan k\u00f6m\u00fcrler \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131nca \u00f6nce yumu\u015farlar sonra \u015fi\u015ferek gaz \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131rlar ve daha sonra tekrar sertle\u015firler. Sertle\u015fme sonucunda olu\u015fan \u00e7ok g\u00f6zenekli olduk\u00e7a hafif ve gri renkli k\u00fctleye kok k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc; k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn kok haline ge\u00e7mesi olay\u0131na da kokla\u015fma denir.
\n KOLAPS, Sondaj kuyusunda bulunan muhafaza borusunun a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 formasyon bask\u0131s\u0131 vb. etkiler y\u00fcz\u00fcnden g\u00f6\u00e7mesi (ezilmesi) olay\u0131.
\n KOLEMAN\u0130T, Prizmatik kristaller halinde bulunan kalsiyum borat (bortuzu) (Ca2B6O11 . 5H2O). Daha ziyade cam y\u00fcn\u00fc, fiberglas ve asitborik imalinde, \u00e7elik end\u00fcstrisinde de eritici olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n KOL\u0130MASYON, D\u00fcrb\u00fcn ekseninin yatay d\u00f6nme eksenine muylu tam dik olmamas\u0131ndan kaynaklanan hata t\u00fcr\u00fc. Teodolit ile \u00f6l\u00e7meye ba\u015flan\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce, kolimasyon hatas\u0131 kontrol edilir.
\n KOL\u0130NS METODU, Koordinatlar\u0131 bilinen A ve B noktalar\u0131 ile koordinatlar\u0131 hesaplanmak istenen P noktas\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en daireden yararlan\u0131larak yap\u0131lan geriden kestirme hesaplama y\u00f6ntemi.\u2014> Geriden kestirme.
\n KOLLEKT\u00d6R BANT, Toplay\u0131c\u0131 bant.
\n KOLLERGANG, 1) Yatay bir eksen etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclen b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00fctleli iki silindirik tekerin yuvarlak bir \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme tablas\u0131 \u00fczerinde hem kendi eksenleri etraf\u0131nda hem de sistem aks\u0131 etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nerek \u00f6\u011f\u00fctmenin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi\u011fi d\u00fczen. 2) Devl\u00fcp.
\n KOLLOFAN, \u2014> Fosfat.
\n KOLON, 1) Ta\u015f, \u00e7imento, a\u011fa\u00e7, \u00e7elik vb. maddelerden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fdikine konmu\u015fdestek. 2) S\u00fctun.
\n KOLON FLOTASYONU, \u2014> Flotasyon kolonu.
\n KOLUV\u0130YAL PLASER , Diluvial ve aluviyal olaylar\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fterek etkileriyle olu\u015fan maden yata\u011f\u0131.
\n KOLTUK AMBARI, Ocaklarda, kartiyerlerde veya \u015fantiyelerde acil ihtiya\u00e7 olabilecek \u00e7ivi, c\u0131vata, vb. malzemenin ihtiya\u00e7 an\u0131nda i\u015fyerine al\u0131n\u0131p kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak \u00fczere a\u00e7\u0131lan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ambar. \u2014> Ambar.
\n KOMB\u0130NE AYAK \u0130\u015eLETME METODU, Maden yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u015fekli, b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, tipi ve \u00f6rt\u00fc tabakas\u0131 ile yanta\u015flar\u0131n karakteri dikkate al\u0131narak \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015fletme metotlar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fik \u015fekilde veya m\u00fc\u015ftereken bir blok veya panoda uygulanmas\u0131. Bu uygulama blok g\u00f6\u00e7ertmesi ile yatay dilimli ayak; blok g\u00f6\u00e7ertmesi ile ambarl\u0131 ayak; dilimli g\u00f6\u00e7ertmeli ile ara katl\u0131 ayak; ba\u015fyukar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k ayak ile rambleli ayak; k\u00fcp tahkimatl\u0131 ile rambleli ayak gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015fletme metodlar\u0131n\u0131n birlikte uygulanmas\u0131 \u015fekillerinde olabilir.
\n KOMB\u0130NE HOBEL \u0130\u015eLETMEC\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130, \u2014> Hobel i\u015fletmecili\u011fi.
\n KOMPARTIMAN, B\u00f6lme. Herhangi bir kuyu veya kelebe kesitinin \u00e7e\u015fitli ama\u00e7larla (insan, malzeme, cevher,hava i\u00e7in) kullan\u0131lan b\u00f6lmelerinden biri.
\n KOMPLEKS CEVHER, Kendisinden bir\u00e7ok metalin kazan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 cevher.
\n KOMPLEKS MADEN YATAKLARI, \u2014> Polimetamorfik maden yataklar\u0131.
\n KOMPANSAT\u00d6RL\u00dc N\u0130VO, Silindirik d\u00fcze\u00e7 ile yataylamaya gerek kalmaks\u0131z\u0131n dairesel d\u00fcze\u00e7 kullan\u0131larak kabaca ayarland\u0131ktan sonra, g\u00f6zlem yap\u0131lan her do\u011frultuyu, d\u00fcrb\u00fcn i\u00e7ine as\u0131lan \u00f6zel prizmalar d\u00fczeni sayesinde otomatik olarak yataylayabilen nivo t\u00fcr\u00fc. Kompansat\u00f6rl\u00fc nivolarla yap\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00e7melerde \u00f6nemli zaman tasarrufu sa\u011flan\u0131r. \u2014> \u015eekil, 2) Otomatik nivo.
\n KOMPRES\u00d6R, Gaz, buhar veya havay\u0131 emerek s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p bas\u0131n\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckseltilmesine yarayan makine. S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemi tek kademeli, \u00e7ok kademeli olup; kademeler aras\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmadan dolay\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nan gaz, her cins buhar veya hava, bir \u00fcst kademe taraf\u0131ndan emilmeden \u00f6nce, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma rand\u0131man\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in so\u011futulur. Pistonlu, di\u015fli, kanatl\u0131 (turbo) vb. tipleri vard\u0131r.
\n KOMPRES\u00d6R \u00c7\u0130V\u0130S\u0130, Mermer ocaklar\u0131nda mermer bloku ana kayadan ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan 3 cm \u00e7ap\u0131nda, 30-60 cm boyunda, ucu yass\u0131 keskin demir \u00e7ivi. Bu \u00e7ivi 10-15 cm aral\u0131klarla matkapla mermer aynas\u0131nda delinmi\u015fdeliklere \u2014> Yapraklarlaberaber 5-10 deli\u011fe birlikte \u00e7ak\u0131l\u0131r.
\n KOMPRESYON, \u2014> Statik depresyon.
\n KOMP\u00dcTER, \u2014> Bilgisayar.
\n KONDANSAT\u00d6R, 1) Yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak su buhar\u0131n\u0131n su haline getirilmesi veya kompres\u00f6r kademelerinde s\u0131k\u0131\u015farak \u0131s\u0131nan havan\u0131n so\u011futulmas\u0131na yarayan d\u00fczen. 2) Elektrikte i\u00e7ine elektrik enerjisi depo edilebilen ayg\u0131t. 3) Yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131.
\n KOND\u0130SYONER, 1) \u015elam\u0131n (pulp) kat\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131 ile reaktifin yak\u0131n temas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak ve \u015flam\u0131 flotasyon i\u015flemine haz\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan cihaz. Yap\u0131lan bu i\u015flem, kondisyonlama diye de tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. 2) K\u0131vam tank\u0131.
\n KOND\u00dcKS\u0130YONLA ISITMA, Kat\u0131 cisimlerin ihtiva ettikleri \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 etrafa yaymalar\u0131ndan yararlan\u0131larak yap\u0131lan \u0131s\u0131tma.
\n KONGLOMERA, 1) Kum, \u00e7ak\u0131l, k\u00f6\u015feli vb. ayr\u0131k kaya\u00e7lardan olu\u015fan tabaka veya y\u0131\u011f\u0131n bo\u015fluklar\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00e7imento maddesi ile dolmas\u0131 veya bunlar\u0131n bas\u0131n\u00e7 etkisi ile birbirlerine ba\u011flanmas\u0131ndan meydana gelen tortul kaya\u00e7. Bunlar\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131calar\u0131 gre, arkoz, kuvarsit, puding ve bre\u015fdiye isimlendirilir. 3) \u00c7ak\u0131lkaya\u00e7.
\n KON\u0130K AYIRICI, Bir klasifikasyon veya ay\u0131rma gereci olup, tepesi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da ve taban\u0131 yukar\u0131da ve ters konumda bir piramit \u015feklindeki ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131. Bir \u00fcst kenar\u0131 boyunca gelen malzeme ile beslenir ve malzemenin ak\u0131\u015fkan ortamda kar\u015f\u0131 kenara ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 sa\u011flanarak kar\u015f\u0131 taraftan ince veya hafif malzeme al\u0131n\u0131r. Dipteki bir borudan da \u00e7\u00f6ken a\u011f\u0131r veya iri boyutlu malzeme tahliye edilir.
\n KON\u0130K ELEK, Kesik koni bi\u00e7iminde haz\u0131rlan\u0131p bu kesik koninin yan y\u00fczeyi , istenilen tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne g\u00f6re eleme yapabilecek \u015fekilde yerle\u015ftirilen elek sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n yatay eksenli bir mil \u00fczerinde d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck a\u011f\u0131zdan malzeme ile beslenip, besleme malzemesini \u00e7e\u015fitli tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fcklerine g\u00f6re tasnif etmeye yarayan tasnif \u00fcnitesi. Bu elekler silindir \u015feklinde de imal edilir. Bu takdirde silindir elek ekseninden ge\u00e7en mil yataklara meyilli olarak yerle\u015ftirilerek \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Silindirin yukar\u0131 a\u011fz\u0131ndan beslenmek suretiyle tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne g\u00f6re tasnif yap\u0131l\u0131r.
\n KON\u0130K KIRICI, Kaba k\u0131rma a\u015famas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan ters kesik koni bi\u00e7iminde sabit d\u0131\u015fcidar\u0131n, i\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131na eksantrik yataklanm\u0131\u015fd\u00fcz kesik koni \u015feklindeki d\u00f6ner k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ana par\u00e7an\u0131n montaj\u0131 suretiyle olu\u015fan, d\u0131\u015fc\u0131darla, d\u00f6nen i\u00e7 koni aras\u0131nda kalan ta\u015fveya cevher par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 eksantrik yataklanman\u0131n d\u00f6nme hareketi ile beraber yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sal\u0131n\u0131m sayesinde par\u00e7alayan, d\u0131\u015fve i\u00e7 konilerin en altta olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 aral\u0131ktan k\u0131r\u0131lan par\u00e7alar\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015fmesini sa\u011flayan makine.
\n KON\u0130METRE, Gravimetrik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc esas\u0131na dayanarak havadaki toz miktar\u0131n\u0131 ve toz say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 tesbit etmeye yarayan cihaz. Konimetrenin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma esas\u0131 belirli miktar havan\u0131n belli a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kta bir filtreden ge\u00e7irilmesiyle bu filtre \u00fczerinde tutulan tozlar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 saptanmak suretiyle (mg\/m3 olarak) havan\u0131n i\u00e7erdi\u011fi tozun a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya filtre \u00fczerinde tutulan tozlar\u0131n mikroskop alt\u0131nda say\u0131lmas\u0131 suretiyle (toz say\u0131s\u0131\/cm3 olarak) havan\u0131n i\u00e7erdi\u011fi toz miktar\u0131 hesaplanarak madencilikte toz bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u2014> Hava kalitesi tesbit edilebilmektedir. Bu de\u011ferlendirmeden ba\u015fka insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan filtrede toplanan tozlar\u0131n mineral i\u00e7eri\u011fi ve tozlar\u0131n patlama tehlikesi de gravimetrik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc yolu ile tesbit edilebilir. \u2014> Hava kalitesi, Tindalometre, Emisyon, Hava Kirleticileri, Kirli Hava. \u2014> \u015eekil.KON\u0130 ORTA, Patlat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131nda al\u0131nda koni bi\u00e7iminde ek serbest y\u00fczey olu\u015fturacak d\u00fczende dizilmi\u015fbir odak noktas\u0131na do\u011fru delinmi\u015fla\u011f\u0131m deliklerinin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu orta. \u2014> Orta \u00e7ekme.
\n KONKAS\u00d6R, 1) Cevher veya ta\u015fk\u0131rma makinesi. 2) K\u0131r\u0131c\u0131.
\n KONKAV B\u0130T, Kesici dudak k\u0131sm\u0131 matkab\u0131n eksenine do\u011fru \u00e7ukurla\u015fan ve karot almadan ilerleme yapan bir t\u00fcr elmas matkap.
\n KONKO\u0130DAL KIRILMA, \u2014> K\u0131r\u0131lma.
\n KONKRESYON, Tortul kaya\u00e7lar i\u00e7inde bazen yumru veya topak halinde yuvarlak ve b\u00f6brek \u015fekilli ve ayn\u0131 merkezli k\u00fcrelerden te\u015fekk\u00fcl eden, merkezlerinde ufak deniz hayvan\u0131 fosilleri veya kum taneleri bulunan kaya\u00e7 olu\u015fumlar\u0131. Demir karbonat ve kilden olu\u015fan b\u00f6brek ve mercek \u015fekilli ve telsel \u0131\u015f\u0131nsal dokulu konkresyonlara sferosiderit denir.
\n KONSANTRASYON, 1) Maden yata\u011f\u0131 te\u015fek-k\u00fcl\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda, belirli minerallerin biraraya gelerek mineral muhtevas\u0131 y\u00fcksek maden yata\u011f\u0131 olu\u015fmas\u0131 (ma\u011fmatik diferansiyasyon). 2) Cevher i\u00e7indeki gang maddesinin ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucu geri kalan miktar i\u00e7indeki faydal\u0131 mineral oran\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckselmesi. 3) Bir eriyikte suyun buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l-mas\u0131 suretiyle erimi\u015fmadde oran\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131.
\n KONSANTRASYON TES\u0130S\u0130, \u2014> Konsant-rat\u00f6r.
\n KONSANTRAT\u00d6R, Minerallerin ve gang maddelerinin \u00e7e\u015fitli fiziksel \u00f6zelliklerinden yararlan\u0131larak, uygun ara\u00e7lar yard\u0131m\u0131 ile birbirlerinden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kurulmu\u015ftesis (zenginle\u015ftirme tesisi).
\n KONSANTRE, Cevher haz\u0131rlama ve zenginle\u015ftirme i\u015flemine tabi tutulan ham cevherden (tuv\u00f6nan) ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lanan minerallerin zenginle\u015ftirilmesi suretiyle elde edilen \u00fcr\u00fcn veya \u00fcr\u00fcnler. Bak\u0131r-, krom konsantresi vb.
\n KONSANTRE RANDIMANI, 1) Ay\u0131rma i\u015flemi sonucu elde edilen konsantre a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, bu konsantreyi veren ham (t\u00fcv\u00f6nan) cevher a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na oran\u0131. 2) Lavvar rand\u0131man\u0131. 3) Konsantrasyon oran\u0131.
\n KONS\u0130NYE, M\u00fclkiyet devri yap\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n, mallar\u0131n sat\u0131\u015fsorumlulu\u011funu y\u00fcklenen bir t\u00fcccar veya acentaya g\u00f6nderilmesi tarz\u0131nda yap\u0131lan sat\u0131\u015fanla\u015fmas\u0131.
\n KONSOL, Tek destekli ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 kiri\u015f.
\n KONTAK, 1) \u0130ki farkl\u0131 kayac\u0131n birbirleriyle temas ettikleri y\u00fczey. 2) \u00d6zellikle intruzif bir k\u00fctlenin kom\u015fu formasyonla olan temas y\u00fczeyleri. 3) Petrol yataklar\u0131nda su-petrol veya petrol-gaz zonlar\u0131n\u0131n birbirleriyle temas etti\u011fi y\u00fczeyler. 4) Elektrikte devreyi kapama veya k\u0131sa devre olay\u0131.
\n KONTAK DAMAR, \u2014> Kontak maden yata\u011f\u0131.
\n KONTAK MADEN YATA\u011eI, Genellikle sedimenter formasyonlar i\u00e7ine sokulmu\u015fintruzif bir k\u00fctlenin kontak y\u00fczeyleri civar\u0131nda daha ziyade sedimenter formasyonlarda olu\u015fan maden yata\u011f\u0131.
\n KONTAK METAMORFOZ, Ergimi\u015fhaldeki ma\u011fma kitlesinin ve i\u00e7inde bulunan gazlar\u0131n yan ta\u015fa etkisi ile meydana gelen ba\u015fkala\u015f\u0131m. Hidrotermal- ve enjeksiyon metamorfoz da bir t\u00fcr kontak metamorfozdur.
\n KONTAK METAMORF MADEN YATAKLARI, Batolitin kontak zonunda olu\u015fan ba\u015fkala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n sonucu meydana gelen maden yataklar\u0131.
\n KONTAKT KURUTUCU, Kurutulacak malzeme ile k\u0131zg\u0131n y\u00fczeyin ya s\u00fcrekli olarak veya ardarda temasta kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak suretiyle kurutma yapan merdaneli veya borulu cihaz.
\n KONTAM\u0130NASYON, Radyoaktif maddelerin bir yerde \u00e7\u00f6kelmesi suretiyle meydana gelen \u00e7evre kirlenmesi.
\n KONT\u0130N\u0130YUS-MAYNER, Paletler \u00fczerinde y\u00fcr\u00fcyen, kesme kafas\u0131na yatay ve d\u00fc\u015fey hareket verebilen, arkas\u0131nda y\u00fckleme d\u00fczeni bulunan, tavan\u0131n elverdi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde devaml\u0131 kaz\u0131 yapabilen, genellikle k\u00f6m\u00fcr ve yumu\u015fak formasyonlarda ekonomik olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilen \u00fcretim makinesi.
\n KONT\u0130N\u00dc CERYAN, Do\u011fru ak\u0131m.
\n KONTROL ELEKLER\u0130, Uluslararas\u0131 standartlar organizasyonunun (ISO) verdi\u011fi standartlara uygun olarak yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, laboratuarlarda elek analizleri yapmak \u00fczere kullan\u0131lan elek seti.
\n KONTRPUA, 1) \u0130hra\u00e7 tesislerinde ve asans\u00f6rlerde kafesi dengelemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan kar\u015f\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k. 2) Denge a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131. 3) Kontr balast. \u2014> Payton, \u015earyoport\u00f6r.
\n KONTR LA\u011eIMI, Ana nakliye kuyusunu \u00e7evreleyen galeri. \u2014> Akrosaj.
\n KONTUR, 1) \u2014> Akrosaj. 2) Cevher rezervi ile yankayac\u0131 ay\u0131ran \u00e7izgi. 3) E\u015fde\u011ferdeki noktalar\u0131n birle\u015ftirilmesi ile elde edilen e\u011friler (izohips, izopah vb.) 4) Bir k\u00fctlenin d\u0131\u015fhatlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm.
\n KONVEKS\u0130YONLA ISITMA, Is\u0131t\u0131lan gazlar\u0131n ve s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n hacminin geni\u015flemesi ve yo\u011funlu\u011funun azalmas\u0131 sonucu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dan yukar\u0131 hareketinden yararlan\u0131larak yap\u0131lan \u0131s\u0131tma.
\n KONVEKS\u0130YONLU KURUTUCU, \u0130\u00e7erisin-den s\u0131cak kuru buhar ge\u00e7irilerek konveksiyon etkisiyle kurutmay\u0131 sa\u011flayan tanbur veya siklon tipindeki ak\u0131ml\u0131 kurutucu.
\n KONVERTER, 1) Uzun ekseni \u00fczerine as\u0131l\u0131, i\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fc refrakter malzeme ile kapl\u0131, oval veya silindirik \u015fekilde olan ve yatay bir eksen etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nerek bo\u015faltma pozisyonuna getirilebilen \u00f6zel pota. Potada metaller veya di\u011fer malzemenin bir \u015fekilden veya durumdan ba\u015fka bir duruma d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi sa\u011flan\u0131r. Kavurma konverteri ve eritme konverteri olmak \u00fczere iki tipte yap\u0131l\u0131r. Kavurma konverterinde hava \u00fcflenerek, s\u00fclf\u00fcrl\u00fc cevherin k\u00fck\u00fcrt oran\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Eritme, yani tasfiye konverterinde cihaz \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmaz. Cihaz\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulunan erimi\u015fmaddeye hava \u00fcflenerek oksitlenme sa\u011flan\u0131r ve bu suretle te\u015fekk\u00fcl eden \u0131s\u0131, maddeyi erimi\u015fhalde tutar. Konverter i\u00e7inde pik demir Bessemer prosesi ile \u00e7eli\u011fe, bak\u0131r mat\u0131 bilister bak\u0131ra d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. 2) D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc.
\n KONVEY\u00d6R, Yatay veya az meyilli yerlerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, ya malzemenin d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zeminin hareket etmesi (band) suretiyle veya oluk \u00fczerinde bulunan zincirin \u00e7ekilmesiyle ta\u015f\u0131ma yapan d\u00fczen.
\n KOOG\u00dcLASYON, Anorganik elektrodlar kullan\u0131larak flok\u00fclasyonun sa\u011flanmas\u0131.
\n KOORD\u0130NAT NAKL\u0130, Yaln\u0131z kuyularla yery\u00fcz\u00fcne irtibat\u0131 olan yeralt\u0131 i\u015fletmelerinde, yeralt\u0131 imalat planlar\u0131n\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki \u00f6l\u00e7melerde kullan\u0131lan koordinat sistemine uygun olarak yap\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in yeralt\u0131nda tesbit edilen noktalar\u0131n, yer\u00fcst\u00fc koordinat sistemine g\u00f6re, yerinin belirlenmesi i\u015flemi. Bu i\u015flem; (a, b) tek kuyuya iki \u015fak\u00fcl sark\u0131tarak; (c, d) iki ayr\u0131 kuyuya birer \u015fak\u00fcl sark\u0131tarak yap\u0131l\u0131r. \u2014> \u015eekil.
\n KOORD\u0130NAT S\u0130STEMLER\u0130, 1) Bir noktan\u0131n yerini belirlemeye yarayan polar P (f, \uf09a, \uf061) (mesafe, semt-, meyila\u00e7\u0131s\u0131) ve ortogonal P (x\u2019, y\u2019, z\u2019) (apsis, ordinat ve kot) sistemlerinin ortak ad\u0131. 2) Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131, eksenler ve bir noktay\u0131 belirlemeye yarayan say\u0131lardan m\u00fcte\u015fekkil iki-\u00fc\u00e7 boyutlu\u2013, polar\u2013, k\u00fcresel\u2013, silindirik\u2013, eliptik koordinat sistemi vb. sistemler. \u2014> \u015eekil.
\n KOP\u0130LYA (KOP\u0130LYE), \u2014> Emniyet ma\u015fas\u0131.
\n KOPMA SINIRI, \u2014> \u00c7ekme deneyi.
\n KORB\u0130T, Kesici dudaklar\u0131 \u00f6zel olarak yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fkesici k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7arklarla te\u00e7hiz edilmi\u015forta sert ve yumu\u015fak formasyonlarda karot numune almaya yarayan matkap. Korbit; 4, 6, 8 \u00e7arkl\u0131 (y\u0131ld\u0131zl\u0131) olabilir.
\n KORDON, \u2014> Toron.
\n KOREKS Y\u00d6NTEM\u0130, Demir-\u00c7elik \u00fcretiminde y\u00fcksek f\u0131r\u0131n teknolojisine alternetif olarak geli\u015ftirilen \u00e7elik \u00fcretimine y\u00f6nelik bir direkt ergitmeli red\u00fcksiyon prosesi. \u2014> Y\u00fcksek f\u0131r\u0131n prosesine benzeyen bu y\u00f6ntem kokla\u015famayan k\u00f6m\u00fcre dayal\u0131 s\u0131cak metal \u00fcretimi yapar. Koreks prosesinde kok fabrikas\u0131 ortadan kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in maliyeti olduk\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Koreks y\u00f6ntemine g\u00f6re \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan tesis ilk olarak G\u00fcney Afrika, Iscor-Pretoria i\u015fletmelerinde kurulmu\u015ftur.
\n KORELASYON, \u0130ki formasyonun jeolojik ya\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 veya stratigrafik pozisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131yaslamak suretiyle birinin di\u011ferine g\u00f6re ya\u015fve di\u011fer \u00f6zelliklerinin saptanmas\u0131 i\u015fi.
\n KORENDON (Korund), 1) Do\u011fal susuz aluminyum oksitten (Al2 O3) olu\u015fan mineral (Mohs sertlik derecesi 9, yo\u011funluk 3,95 il\u00e2 4,01). Elmastan sonra en sert do\u011fal madde. Romboedrik kristalli, de\u011fi\u015fik renkli, saydam t\u00fcrleri ziynet ta\u015f\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan, asitlerde erimeyen mineral. 2) Safir. 3) Rubin. \u2014> Yakut.
\n KORKAYA\u00c7, Magamatik kaya\u00e7. Eriyik haldeki ma\u011fma malzemesinin so\u011fumas\u0131 ve kat\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 sonucunda olu\u015fan \u00e7e\u015fitli kristalin ya da cams\u0131 kaya\u00e7lar\u0131n ortak ad\u0131. Korkaya\u00e7lar ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u00fc\u00e7 \u2014> Kaya\u00e7 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndan birini olu\u015fturur. \u00d6b\u00fcr kaya\u00e7 s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 ise; ba\u015fkala\u015f\u0131m (metamorfik) kaya\u00e7lar\u0131 ile tortul (sedimenter) kaya\u00e7lard\u0131r.
\n Korkaya\u00e7lar, ma\u011fman\u0131n derinlere sokularak (derinlik kaya\u00e7lar\u0131, gang kaya\u00e7lar\u0131) ya da d\u0131\u015far\u0131 p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmesinden sonra (y\u00fczey kayac\u0131 yada p\u00fcsk\u00fcr\u00fck kaya\u00e7) kat\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 suretiyle olu\u015fur.
\n KORKORDANS, \u2014> Uygun tabakala\u015fma.
\n KORN\u0130\u015e TA\u015eI, Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde imal\u00e2t y\u00fcz\u00fcnden d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan ve ufki devam eden profiller.
\n KORUND , 1) Trigonat sistemde kristalle\u015fen, sertli\u011fi 9 olan ve bu \u00f6zelli\u011fi ile de\u011fer kazanan do\u011fal aluminyum oksit (Al2O3). B\u00fct\u00fcn korund kristalleri \u0131s\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131nda renkleri bozulur, kaybolur; ancak so\u011fuyunca yine eski rengi al\u0131r. Korund minerallerine ender rastlan\u0131r; olu\u015ftu\u011fu yerler siyenit pegmatitlerinin i\u00e7leri ile, \u015fist ve mermer serilerinin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 metamorfik istiflerin yine i\u00e7leri veya ara y\u00fczeyleridir. Aluvial yataklarda, primerlerden a\u015f\u0131n\u0131p gelmi\u015folarak, plaser halde de bulunur. \u0130yi halde kristalle\u015fenler, renklerine g\u00f6re yakut veya safir olarak isimlendirilir. 2) Yapay olarak; boksitin elektrik f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131nda eritilmesiyle elde edilen a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn ; tane, toz ve kal\u0131p denilen \u00f6zel \u015fekillerde; alundum, aloxite, karaloks, exolen ve lionit gibi isimlerle de pazarlan\u0131r.
\n KORUYUCU BAKIM, Devaml\u0131 veya zaman zaman \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken makine, malzeme ve tesislerin devaml\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r durumda tutulmas\u0131 amac\u0131 ile, bunlarda meydana gelebilecek k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck veya b\u00fcy\u00fck ar\u0131zalar\u0131 tesbit-, te\u015fhis-, ve tamir etmek (d\u00fczeltmek) \u00fczere yap\u0131lan sistemli muayene, kontrol ve bak\u0131m.
\n KOS\u0130N\u00dcS \u00d8 , \u2014> G\u00fc\u00e7 fakt\u00f6r\u00fc.
\n KOST\u0130K, 1) Alkali oksitlerinin s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi sonucunda elde edilen \u00fcr\u00fcn (Ca (OH)2, KOH, NaOH gibi). 2) Sodyum hidroksit.
\n KOST\u0130K KALS\u0130NE MANYEZ\u0130T, Manyezitin 700-1100\u00bdC kavrulmas\u0131 ile elde edilen \u00fcr\u00fcn.
\n KO\u015eUM TAKIMI, 1) Kuyularda kafesi veya kovay\u0131 halata ba\u011flamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan d\u00fczen. 2) Ocak arabalar\u0131n\u0131n hayvan ile \u00e7ekilmesini sa\u011flamak \u00fczere kullan\u0131lan te\u00e7hizat.
\n KOT, 1) Bir noktan\u0131n esas olarak al\u0131nan deniz seviyesi d\u00fczlemine g\u00f6re y\u00fcksekli\u011fini veya al\u00e7akl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren rakam. 2) Rak\u0131m. Kot veya rak\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6steren rakam deniz seviyesinden y\u00fcksek bir seviyeyi g\u00f6steriyorsa (+), al\u00e7ak bir seviyeyi g\u00f6steriyorsa (-) i\u015faretli olarak yaz\u0131l\u0131r.
\n KOVA, 1) Kuyu a\u00e7ma operasyonu s\u0131ras\u0131nda pasan\u0131n i\u00e7inde \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kap. 2) \u2014> Beyler.
\n KOVALI BAGER, 1) Topra\u011f\u0131 hem kazan ve hem de belirli bir mesafeye ta\u015f\u0131yan i\u015fmakinesi. E\u011fik duran ve uzun olan bir kafes direk (bum) \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7irilmi\u015folan \u00e7elik halata irtibatl\u0131, a\u011f\u0131z k\u0131sm\u0131 zemine bakan \u00e7elik kovas\u0131, zemine dalarak malzemeyi toplayan, vin\u00e7 halat\u0131 yard\u0131m\u0131 ile kald\u0131ran ve ekseni etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nerek kovadaki malzemeyi bo\u015faltan makine. Koval\u0131 bagerlerle, bagerin oturdu\u011fu zemine g\u00f6re alt seviyelerde hafriyat yap\u0131l\u0131r. 2) \u00c7ekme kep\u00e7eli ekskavat\u00f6r. 3) Dreglayn.
\n KOVAN BO\u015eLUK , Mermer madencili\u011finde, ta\u015f\u0131n tabii yap\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda meydana gelmi\u015folan iri tekil bo\u015fluk. \u2014> Peteksel bo\u015fluk.
\n KOVART \u00dc\u00c7GEN\u0130, \u2014> Coward \u00fc\u00e7geni.
\n KOYU K\u00dcK\u00dcRT, \u0130\u00e7inde azami % 0,25 oran\u0131nda karbon bulunan koyu renkli k\u00fck\u00fcrt.
\n KOYULA\u015eTIRMA, \u015elam i\u00e7erisindeki kat\u0131\/s\u0131v\u0131 oran\u0131n\u0131 kat\u0131 lehine art\u0131rarak, daha y\u00fcksek yo\u011funlukta bir \u015flam elde etmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan i\u015flem.
\n K\u00d6M\u00dcR, K\u0131smi ayr\u0131\u015fma sonucunda; bitkisel art\u0131klardan olu\u015fan karbonik madde. Belirli bir tabakala\u015fma g\u00f6sterir; kat\u0131 bir maddedir ve rengi koyu kahverengiden siyaha kadar de\u011fi\u015fir. Yak\u0131t olarak kullan\u0131lan k\u00f6m\u00fcr, k\u0131r\u0131lgand\u0131r, ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131m olmaks\u0131z\u0131n yanmaz ve suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmez. Olu\u015fumu esnas\u0131nda bitkisel maddedir. \u00d6nce turbaya, sonra linyite ve en sonra da bit\u00fcml\u00fc k\u00f6m\u00fcre d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Bit\u00fcml\u00fc k\u00f6m\u00fcr bit\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetme derecesine g\u00f6re baz\u0131 yerlerde ta\u015fk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc ve antrasit haline gelir. Linyitin tozu kahverengi, k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn ise siyaht\u0131r. Linyit b\u00fcnyesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda su ve k\u00fcl ihtiva eder.
\n K\u00d6M\u00dcR D\u0130YAGRAMI, Hidrojen bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengin veya fakir bozulmu\u015fkarbonhidrat \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini birbirlerine g\u00f6re bir s\u0131raya dizen iki ku\u015fakl\u0131 diyagram. Bu diyagramda hidrojence zengin olan\u0131n\u0131 \u201ckerojen-piropisit\u201d veya sapropelit ku\u015fak, hidrojence fakir olan\u0131 ise \u201ch\u00fcmik\u201d ku\u015fak diye adland\u0131rmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. H\u00fcmik ku\u015fakta ger\u00e7ek k\u00f6m\u00fcrler (h\u00fcmik k\u00f6m\u00fcrler) yer al\u0131r. Bunlar kendi aralar\u0131nda turba, linyit, ta\u015fk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc ve antrasit diye gruplan\u0131rlar. Sapropelit ku\u015faktaki maddeler ise bit\u00fcml\u00fc \u015feylleri (\u015fistleri) olu\u015ftururlar. Bu iki ku\u015fak aras\u0131nda torbanit ve cannel\u2019e de \u201ch\u00fcmik-sapropelit\u201d k\u00f6m\u00fcrler denebilir.
\n K\u00d6M\u00dcR HAZIRLAMA, Fiziksel ve mekanik i\u015flemlerle k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn \u00f6zel kullanmalara uygun hale getirilmesi. Bu i\u015flemlerle genellikle k\u00f6m\u00fcrde bulunan ve yan\u0131c\u0131 olmayan k\u0131s\u0131mlar (art\u0131k) at\u0131lm\u0131\u015folur.
\n K\u00d6M\u00dcR KA\u00c7A\u011eI, Lavvarda zenginle\u015ftirme s\u0131ras\u0131nda ayr\u0131lan \u015fistlerle (art\u0131klar) birlikte at\u0131lan k\u00f6m\u00fcr. Ayr\u0131lan art\u0131k i\u00e7inde at\u0131lan k\u00f6m\u00fcr miktar\u0131n\u0131n, tuv\u00f6nan k\u00f6m\u00fcr i\u00e7inde bulunan k\u00f6m\u00fcre oran\u0131, ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n y\u00fczdesini verir.
\n K\u00d6M\u00dcR KESER\u0130, 1) Ayak dip ve ba\u015f\u0131nda iki adet tahrik motoru ve zincir tamburu ile ayak i\u00e7inde ileri geri hareketi sa\u011flayan zincir ve bu zincire ba\u011fl\u0131 di\u015fli blok veya di\u015fli sand\u0131k bulunan zincirin yukar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 hareketi ile di\u015flerin k\u00f6m\u00fcre \u00e7arpmas\u0131 suretiyle k\u00f6m\u00fcrden yonga kopmas\u0131n\u0131 ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn ayak dibine do\u011fru naklini sa\u011flayan d\u00fczen. 2) Ramgeret.
\n K\u00d6M\u00dcRLER\u0130N SINIFLANDIRILMASI, 1) \u0130statistik s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma: K\u00f6m\u00fcrlerin kimyasal, petrografik ve kalorifik de\u011ferlerine g\u00f6re yap\u0131lan s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma.
\n 2) Ticari gayelere g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma: K\u00f6m\u00fcr ticaretinde kullan\u0131lan s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma sistemi. K\u00f6m\u00fcr ticaretinde k\u00f6m\u00fcrler daha ziyade kokla\u015fma \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re; I-VII gruba ayr\u0131l\u0131r.
\n K\u00d6M\u00dcRLER\u0130 STOKLAMA, B\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda k\u00f6m\u00fcr kullanan fabrika ve merkezi \u0131s\u0131tma sistemi olan sitelerde kullan\u0131lan k\u00f6m\u00fcrlerin gerekli \u00f6nlemler al\u0131narak depolanmas\u0131. Bu \u00f6nlemler aras\u0131nda k\u00f6m\u00fcr y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n fazla y\u00fcksek yap\u0131lmamas\u0131, k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn kolay yanan malzemeyle kar\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131na dikkat edilmesi ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131k s\u0131k s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi belirtilebilir. E\u011fer y\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0131s\u0131 art\u0131\u015f\u0131 meydana gelirse, y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n herhangi bir ara\u00e7la aktar\u0131larak (devredilerek) havaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Linyit k\u00f6m\u00fcrlerinin stoklanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in TK\u0130 de geli\u015ftirilen stoklama \u00f6rnekleri.
\n K\u00d6M\u00dcR YAKMA S\u0130STEMLER\u0130, Is\u0131tma ve buhar \u00fcretimi veya proseslerde \u0131s\u0131tma, pi\u015firme, kurutma ve istenilen reaksiyon s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla bir besleyici veya br\u00fcl\u00f6r, yanma odas\u0131 veya f\u0131r\u0131n ve yanma sonras\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kan \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n geri kazan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirici elemanlardan olu\u015fan birbirlerine uyumlu \u015fekilde tertiplenmi\u015f\u00fcnite d\u00fczenlemeleri.
\n K\u00d6M\u00dcR YIKAMA Y\u00d6NTEMLER\u0130, Ocaklardan \u00fcretilen t\u00fcv\u00f6nan k\u00f6m\u00fcrlerin i\u00e7inde bulunan \u015fist vb. yabanc\u0131 maddeleri ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in uygulanan y\u00f6ntemler. Lavvarlarda y\u0131kanan k\u00f6m\u00fcrlerin boyutlar\u0131na g\u00f6re y\u0131kama \u00fcnitelerini \u201ciri k\u00f6m\u00fcr y\u0131kama\u201d ve \u201cince k\u00f6m\u00fcr y\u0131kama\u201d olarak iki grupta toplamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr :
\n (Harsfall 1980)\u2019a g\u00f6re k\u00f6m\u00fcr y\u0131kamada ; ay\u0131rmaya esas olan prensipler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan;
\n 1- Hidrolik y\u00f6ntemler
\n – Jigler
\n – Spiral ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar
\n – Sallant\u0131l\u0131 masalar
\n – Ay\u0131rma konileri
\n 2- A\u011f\u0131r ortam y\u00f6ntemleri
\n – Statik ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar
\n – Santr\u0131f\u00fcjl\u00fc ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar
\n 3- Haval\u0131 ay\u0131rma
\n 4- Flotasyon; y\u00f6ntemleri \u015feklinde s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131la-bilmektedir.
\n K\u00d6M\u00dcRLE\u015eME, K\u00f6m\u00fcr olu\u015fumu s\u0131ras\u0131nda cereyan eden biyo\u015fimik ve jeo\u015fimik olaylar. Bu olaylar sonucu karbon miktar\u0131 artarken u\u00e7ucu maddelerde azalma olur.<\/p>\n

K\u00d6M\u00dcRL\u00dc \u015e\u0130ST, 1) \u2014> Killi \u015fist. 2) \u2014> Kesme.
\n K\u00d6M\u00dcR RENDES\u0130, \u2014> Kaz\u0131 rendesi.
\n K\u00d6M\u00dcR SABANI, \u2014> Kaz\u0131 (k\u00f6m\u00fcr) rendesi.
\n K\u00d6M\u00dcR TOZU, 1) K\u00f6m\u00fcr madenlerinde k\u00f6m\u00fcrde delik delme, kaz\u0131 ve ta\u015f\u0131ma i\u015flerinde k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn par\u00e7alanmas\u0131ndan olu\u015fan ve havada s\u00fcspansiyon halinde bulunan 10 mikrondan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u00f6m\u00fcr zerrelerinin t\u00fcm\u00fc. 2) Tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 0,3 mm\u2019nin alt\u0131nda olan k\u00f6m\u00fcr y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 0,075 mm\u2019nin alt\u0131nda olan k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozlar\u0131 \u201c\u0130nce toz\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7inde s\u00fcspansiyon halinde 40-2000 gr\/m3 k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozu bulunan hava, patlama (infilak etme) \u00f6zelli\u011fi g\u00f6sterir. Normal \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda patlayabilir toz konsantrasyonu 70-80 gr\/m3\u2019t\u00fcr. Bu miktar 400 gr\/m3\u2019e ula\u015fabilir. Havada yan\u0131c\u0131 gazlar\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 (% 3 CH4 + 5 gr\/m3 k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozu, % 2 CH4 + 10 gr\/m3 k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozu gibi), k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozunun patlamas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Havada bulunan k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozu ne kadar ince ise k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozunun patlama \u00f6zelli\u011fi o kadar fazlad\u0131r. 850 mikronun \u00fczerindeki k\u00f6m\u00fcr taneciklerinin patlama olay\u0131nda nadiren yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Havada bulunan k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozu kendi a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar su emerse veya % 40 oran\u0131nda ta\u015ftozu ihtiva ederse veya havadaki konsantrasyonu 4-5 kg\/m3 olursa bu k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozu patlama ve yanma \u00f6zelli\u011fini kaybeder. Grizu ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozu infilaklar\u0131n\u0131n sirayetlerini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in ocaklarda uygun yerler, infilak an\u0131nda bir su veya toz perdesi meydana getirmek \u00fczere, ta\u015ftozu veya su kasalar\u0131 ile te\u00e7hiz edilir.
\n K\u00d6M\u00dcR TOZU \u0130NF\u0130LAKI, Havada s\u00fcspansiyon halinde bulunan (1 m3\u2019te 40-2.000 gr) k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozunun infilak etmesi olay\u0131. Grizu infilakinden sonra infilak eden yerdeki havada 70 gr\/m3 k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozu olursa o da infilak eder. Genellikle grizu infilakinden sonra meydana gelen ikinci patlama, grizu infilakinin etkisi ile \u00e7evrede bulunan k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozlar\u0131n\u0131n havaya kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sonucu, k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozu infilakinden ileri gelir. Havada 4-5 kg\/m3 k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozu varsa, havada bulunan k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozunun i\u00e7inde % 40 oran\u0131nda ta\u015ftozu kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015fsa veya havada bulunan k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozu kendi a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar su emerse k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozu patlama ve yanma \u00f6zelli\u011fini kaybeder.
\n K\u00d6M\u00dcR\u00dcN POROZ\u0130TES\u0130 (G\u00d6ZENEKL\u0130-L\u0130K), Masif bir yap\u0131ya sahip gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen k\u00f6m\u00fcrlerin b\u00fcnyelerinde bulunan; boyutlar\u0131 birka\u00e7 mikron ile birka\u00e7 mm aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen, bazan k\u0131lcal damara, k\u00fcresel veya d\u00fczensiz yap\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015fbo\u015fluklar. G\u00f6zeneklili\u011fi fazla k\u00f6m\u00fcr, stok yerinde oksitlenerek yanabilir. K\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn gaz emme, buharda-s\u0131v\u0131larda \u015fi\u015fme \u00f6zelli\u011fi ve yo\u011funlu\u011fu g\u00f6zeneklili\u011fin bir fonksiyonudur.
\n K\u00d6M\u00dcR YIKAMA (ZENG\u0130NLE\u015eT\u0130RME) E\u011eR\u0130S\u0130, \u2014> Y\u0131kama e\u011frileri.
\n K\u00d6M\u00dcR ZAY\u0130ATI, K\u00f6m\u00fcr yata\u011f\u0131nda \u00fcretim s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00fcretilebilecek duruma getirilip teknik nedenlerle \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lamadan yeralt\u0131nda kalan k\u00f6m\u00fcr. K\u00f6m\u00fcr yata\u011f\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen miktar\u0131n orada bulundu\u011fu hesaplanan rezerve oran\u0131, zayiat\u0131n y\u00fczdesini verir.
\n K\u00d6PE \u0130HRA\u00c7 S\u0130STEM\u0130, Kuyularda kafes veya skip\u2019i \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran dengeli, kuyruk halatl\u0131 bir sistem. Bu sistemde, \u00e7elik halat s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme oluklu b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tanburun \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7er ve tanburun yar\u0131s\u0131 veya daha fazla k\u0131sm\u0131 ile temas halindedir. Halat, bask\u0131 ve s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme kuvvetlerinden yararlanarak, tanburu d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek suretiyle \u00e7ekilir. Halat\u0131n hareketi sonucu kafes ve dolay\u0131siyle y\u00fck de \u00e7ekilmi\u015folur. En basit \u015fekliyle halatla tanbur aras\u0131ndaki s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 (dolanma a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131) 180\u00bd\u2019dir. Ana tanburun \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 iki kafes ekseni aras\u0131ndaki mesafeden daha b\u00fcy\u00fck yapmak ve yard\u0131mc\u0131 tanburlar kullanmak suretiyle s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fclt\u00fclerek ihra\u00e7 vincinin \u00e7ekece\u011fi a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k art\u0131r\u0131labilir. Bu sistemde halat\u0131n bir ucunda kafes veya skip di\u011fer ucunda da kafes, skip veya kontrpua as\u0131l\u0131r. Sistem tek, iki veya d\u00f6rt halatl\u0131 olabilir.
\n K\u00d6PE KASNA\u011eI, 1) K\u00f6pe sistemi ile ihra\u00e7 yap\u0131lan kuyularda \u00e7ekici halat\u0131n \u00fczerinde bulunan ve s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme suretiyle hareket eden tambur. Bu tambur do\u011frudan veya di\u015fliler vas\u0131tas\u0131 ile d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. 2) K\u00f6pe tamburu.
\n K\u00d6PR\u00dcL\u00dc KAPS\u00dcL, \u0130\u00e7inde bulunan kutuplar\u0131 birbirine bir rezistans ile ba\u011fl\u0131 ve alev al\u0131c\u0131 hassas maddesi bu rezistans \u00fczerine yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f, i\u00e7inden elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131 ge\u00e7irildi\u011fi zaman rezistans\u0131n \u0131s\u0131n\u0131p alev al\u0131c\u0131 hassas maddeyi ate\u015flemesi suretiyle dinamitlerin patlat\u0131lmas\u0131na yarayan kapc\u0131k.
\n K\u00d6P\u00dcK CAMI, \u0130nce cam b\u00f6lmelerle birbirinden ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u00e7ok say\u0131da kabarc\u0131ktan meydana gelen cam. K\u00f6p\u00fck cam\u0131 s\u00fcnger ta\u015f\u0131na benzeyen bir yap\u0131 g\u00f6sterir ve \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 tutar.
\n K\u00d6P\u00dcKTA\u015eI, \u2014> Pomza ta\u015f\u0131.
\n K\u00d6P\u00dcRT\u00dcC\u00dc REAKT\u0130F, \u2014> Reaktif.
\n K\u00d6RBACA, Herhangi bir gaye ile s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp g\u00f6revi sona erince terkedilen, \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 olmayan (galeri) baca.
\n K\u00d6RBACA RAMBLES\u0130, K\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc al\u0131nm\u0131\u015folan yerde, aralar\u0131nda muntazam bo\u015fluklar b\u0131rak\u0131larak ta\u015fduvar \u00f6rmek suretiyle yap\u0131lan dolgu usul\u00fc.
\n K\u00d6RKUYU, 1) Yeralt\u0131nda yukardan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya do\u011fru a\u00e7\u0131lan ocak katlar\u0131n\u0131 irtibatlayan ve yery\u00fcz\u00fc ile direkt \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 olmayan kuyu. 2) Dahili kuyu. 3) \u0130\u00e7 kuyu.
\n K\u00d6RKUYU KES\u0130T\u0130, Kullan\u0131l\u0131\u015famac\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak k\u00f6r kuyunun kompart\u0131manlara ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015fdurumunu g\u00f6steren yatay kesit. K\u00f6r kuyular nakliyat, kontrpua ve merdiven b\u00f6lmelerini ihtiva eder.
\n K\u00d6RMAKAS, Manevra gayesi ile makas at\u0131larak uzat\u0131lan di\u011fer tarafla irtibat\u0131 olmayan demiryolu.
\n K\u00d6RNEFES, CO2 gaz\u0131.
\n K\u00d6STEBEK A\u00c7IK AYAK \u0130\u015eLETME METODU, Cevher ve yanta\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flam olan nisbeten k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck metalik cevher (maden) yataklar\u0131nda cevher yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131 takiben a\u00e7\u0131lan k\u0131lavuz ve t\u00fcnellerden ibaret \u015feklen k\u00f6stebek yuvalar\u0131n\u0131 and\u0131ran, hi\u00e7 tahkimat gerektirmeyen veya l\u00fczum g\u00f6r\u00fclen yerlere arada s\u0131rada \u00e7atal direk vurularak yaln\u0131z bacalardan kaz\u0131lan cevherle iktifa edilen en basit yeralt\u0131 (\u00fcretim) i\u015fletme metodu. Bu us\u00fcl ilkel olmakla beraber pratiktir ve fazla yat\u0131r\u0131m gerektirmez. \u2014> Basit ma\u011fara a\u00e7\u0131kayak i\u015fletme metodu.
\n K\u00d6STEK, Ocak arabalar\u0131n\u0131 frenlemek i\u00e7in araba tekerle\u011fine sokulan \u00e7omak. \u00c7omak, ya bir k\u0131sa ve kal\u0131n sopa par\u00e7as\u0131 ya da el tutacak taraf\u0131 yuvarlak halkal\u0131 bir demir \u00e7ubuktur.
\n K\u00d6STEK ATMA, Meyilli yollarda ocak arabalar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 gitmesine (ka\u00e7mas\u0131na) mani olmak i\u00e7in vagon tekerle\u011fi deli\u011fine \u00e7omak (k\u00f6stek) sokmak suretiyle tekerle\u011fin ray \u00fczerine s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmesi sa\u011flanarak fren yapma i\u015flemi.
\n K\u00d6\u015eE TA\u015eI, Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde k\u00f6\u015feleri te\u015fkil i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanan ta\u015f.
\n K\u00d6\u015eEGEN FAYLAR, \u2014> G\u00fcl diyagram\u0131.
\n KRAK\u0130NG, Petrol\u00fcn i\u00e7inde bulunan y\u00fcksek karbon zincirinin; s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve bas\u0131nc\u0131n etkisi alt\u0131nda par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 suretiyle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck hidro-karbonlar elde edilerek ham petrolden daha fazla benzin elde etme prosesi.
\n KRAL SUYU, \u2014> Alt\u0131n suyu.
\n KRANK M\u0130L\u0130, Pistonlu motorlarda biyel kolu yard\u0131m\u0131 ile do\u011frusal hareketi dairesel harekete; pistonlu kompres\u00f6rlerle dairesel hareketi do\u011frusal harekete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren mil.
\n KRATER, 1) Yanarda\u011f a\u011fz\u0131. Yanarda\u011flar\u0131n zirvesinde bazan da yamac\u0131nda bulunan, lavlar\u0131n veya p\u00fcsk\u00fcr\u00fck k\u00fctlenin \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yuvarlak \u00e7ukur. 2) Bir g\u00f6k cisminin y\u00fczeyinde, bir g\u00f6kta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7arpmas\u0131 ile a\u00e7\u0131lan yuvarlak \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc.
\n KRAVAT, Sondaj kuyusunda s\u0131k\u0131\u015fan tij veya borular\u0131 kurtarmak i\u00e7in kriko tatbik etmek amac\u0131yla tij veya borulara kuyu a\u011fz\u0131nda kelep\u00e7e gibi monte edilen iki yar\u0131m daire \u015feklindeki k\u0131vr\u0131mlar\u0131 tij veya borulara uyan ve birbirlerine c\u0131vatalarla ba\u011flanan iki \u00e7elik lama.
\n KRED\u0130L\u0130 LA\u011eIM, Kullanma s\u00fcresi be\u015fy\u0131ldan fazla olan ve yat\u0131r\u0131m program\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u00f6denek al\u0131narak s\u00fcr\u00fclen ve yap\u0131lan harcamalar\u0131 sabit k\u0131ymetlere intikal ettirilip amortisman yoluyla itfa edilen la\u011f\u0131m.
\n KRELYUS METODU, Dar \u00e7apl\u0131 tijler ve elmasl\u0131 delici u\u00e7la yap\u0131lan; yery\u00fcz\u00fcne silindir \u015feklinde numuneler (karot) \u00e7\u0131karabilen arama sondaj\u0131 metodu. Bu metodla yatay d\u00f6nen milin hareketi, di\u015fli kutusu vas\u0131tas\u0131 ile yatay olmayan sondaj tijlerine iletilir.
\n KRELYUS SONDAJI, \u2014> Elmasl\u0131 sondaj.
\n KREOZOT, A\u011fa\u00e7 emprenyesi (tahnid) i\u015flerinde kullan\u0131lan; kay\u0131n a\u011fac\u0131 katran\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan renksiz, sert kokulu ve da\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 bir s\u0131v\u0131. \u0130\u00e7inde fenoller, \u00f6zellikle gayaben bulunur. Baz\u0131 ila\u00e7lar\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda yararlan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n KR\u0130BLAJ BANDI, Lavvarda bulunan \u0131zgaradan ge\u00e7meyen, tuv\u00f6nan k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn elenmesi veya tanburlu k\u0131s\u0131mdan ge\u00e7irilmesi sonucu elek \u00fcst\u00fcnde kalan iri par\u00e7alar\u0131n k\u00f6m\u00fcr veya ta\u015fk\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ay\u0131klanarak ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak \u00fczere kurulan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u00fcr\u2019atli band. Bu band \u00e7elik paletli veya lastik bantl\u0131 olabilir.
\n KR\u0130BLE, \u00dcretilen t\u00fcvenan k\u00f6m\u00fcrlerin \u0131zgara veya elekten ge\u00e7irilmesi sonucu ayr\u0131lan iri par\u00e7alar\u0131n, triyaj\u2019a (elle ay\u0131klama) tabi tutulmas\u0131 suretiyle elle ay\u0131klanan par\u00e7a k\u00f6m\u00fcr. K\u00f6m\u00fcrden ayr\u0131lan art\u0131klara da krible ta\u015f\u0131 denir.
\n KR\u0130BLE KESMES\u0130, Krible k\u00f6m\u00fcr i\u00e7inden elle ay\u0131klanan ta\u015fve \u015fist par\u00e7alar\u0131.
\n KR\u0130BLE TA\u015eI, \u2014> Krible.
\n KR\u0130P\u0130NE, Tulumbalarda emici hortum veya emici borular\u0131n ucuna tak\u0131lan veya flan\u015fla ba\u011flanan, i\u00e7inde geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmez klepe bulunan ve yabanc\u0131 cisimlerin tulumba taraf\u0131ndan emilmesini \u00f6nlemek \u00fczere sepet \u015feklinde (delikli) olan hortum ucu veya boru ba\u015f\u0131.
\n KR\u0130PTOKR\u0130STAL, 1) Taneleri g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclemeyecek kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olan kristallerden olu\u015fan. 2) Gizli kristalli. 3) Kristalleri gizlenmi\u015fkaya\u00e7.
\n KR\u0130STAL, 1) Buhar veya s\u0131v\u0131 durumdan kat\u0131 duruma ge\u00e7en maddenin tabiat kanunlar\u0131na uygun \u015fekilde, d\u00fczlem y\u00fczeylerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olarak ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fekil; yani maddenin kat\u0131 taneli normal \u015fekli. Kristalle\u015fme tabiat\u0131n bir denge durumudur. Kristalle\u015fmiyerek kat\u0131la\u015fma durumuna da \u201c Amorf\u201d denir. Kristalle\u015fme s\u00fcresi uzun olursa iri kristaller te\u015fekk\u00fcl eder. Kristalle\u015fme kanunlar\u0131, kristal k\u00f6\u015felerinde y\u00fczeylerin hi\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fmeyen a\u00e7\u0131larla birbirlerine kavu\u015fmalar\u0131 sonucunu yarat\u0131r. Tabiatta 7 \u00fcstgrup, 32 grupta 320 \u00e7e\u015fit kaidelere uygun kristal kafesi olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi hesaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Krist\u00e2lleri tan\u0131mak i\u00e7in simetri elemanlar\u0131ndan yararlan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7 \u00e7e\u015fit simetri durumu vard\u0131r: Simetri d\u00fczlemi, simetri ekseni, simetri merkezi. Simetri d\u00fczlemi, kristali iki benzer par\u00e7aya ay\u0131r\u0131r. Yani ayna d\u00fczlemi gibidir. Simetri ekseni, kristalin 360\u00b0 nin tam kesirleri (mesal\u00e2 60\u00b0-90\u00b0) nisbetinde d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ilk durumuyla aynen \u00e7ak\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 eksendir. Simetri merkezi, kristal i\u00e7inde merkezden ge\u00e7en her do\u011frunun, iki e\u015fit par\u00e7aya ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerdir. Kristallerin b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6zellikleriyle \u2014> \u201c Kristallografi\u201d bilim dal\u0131 u\u011fra\u015f\u0131r.
\n Kristalleri yap\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00fc\u00e7e ay\u0131rmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. a) Atom yap\u0131l\u0131 kristaller. Elmas bu tip kristallere \u00f6rnektir. Her atom, belli bir y\u00f6nde, di\u011fer d\u00f6rt atomla ve kovalans ba\u011flarla s\u0131k\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; bu sebeple kristal son derece serttir ve \u00e7ok zor ergir. Buna di\u011fer bir \u00f6rnek olarak grafit de g\u00f6sterilebilir. b) Molek\u00fcl yap\u0131l\u0131 kristaller. \u00d6rnek olarak I2 molek\u00fcllerinden meydana gelmi\u015fiyot kristalleri belirtilebilir, molek\u00fcl i\u00e7indeki atomlar kovalansla birlikte ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde molek\u00fclleri ba\u011flayan kuvvet bundan \u00e7ok daha zay\u0131ft\u0131r; kristal kolay k\u0131r\u0131labilir. Ba\u015fka bir \u00f6rnek, kristalleri S8 molek\u00fcllerinden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015falfa ve beta k\u00fck\u00fcrtt\u00fcr (rombik ve monoklinik k\u00fck\u00fcrt.) c) \u0130yon yap\u0131l\u0131 kristaller. \u00d6rnek tip sodyum klor\u00fcrd\u00fcr (Na Cl) . Burada yap\u0131y\u0131 meydana getiren elementler iyonlard\u0131r ve her Na+ iyonu alt\u0131 klor iyonuyla, her Cl iyonu alt\u0131 sodyum iyonuyla \u00e7evrilidir; kolezyon, elektrostatik \u00e7ekim kuvvetleriyle sa\u011flan\u0131r.
\n 2) \u00dc\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131m silis, iki k\u0131s\u0131m kur\u015fun oksit ve bir k\u0131s\u0131m potasyum hidroksitten meydana gelen; saydaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sebebiyle de\u011ferli olan; oyma ve yontma yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra piyasada de\u011fer kazanan \u00f6zel cam.
\n KR\u0130STAL TE\u015eEKK\u00dcL\u00dc , Eriyiklerde s\u0131v\u0131larda ve buharlarda (gazlarda) bulunan bir maddenin kat\u0131 haline ge\u00e7erken kristallerinin olu\u015fmas\u0131 ile sonu\u00e7lanan s\u00fcre\u00e7. Bu olay \u201c kristallenme \u201c ile e\u015fanlamdad\u0131r.
\n KR\u0130STAL\u0130ZASYON D\u0130FERANS\u0130YASYON, Y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve \u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda eriyik halde bulunan magman\u0131n yeralt\u0131nda herhangi bir \u00e7atla\u011fa veya bo\u015flu\u011fa yerle\u015ferek i\u00e7erisinde bulunan ergime derecesi y\u00fcksek a\u011f\u0131r metal bile\u015fiklerinin erken kristalle\u015fmesi sonucu kendi a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 ile \u00e7\u00f6kme suretiyle ayr\u0131lmas\u0131. \u0130lk ayr\u0131lanlar; manyetit, ilmenit, kromit gibi a\u011f\u0131r minerallerdir. Bu \u015fekilde olu\u015fan maden yataklar\u0131na, kristalizasyon diferansiyasyon (erken kristalizasyon) maden yataklar\u0131 denir.
\n KR\u0130STAL\u0130N KUARS (Si O2), Kaya\u00e7 kristali (Renksiz kristalin kuars) iri ve berrak kristalleri az bulunmas\u0131na ragmen, en \u00e7ok raslanan kuars \u00e7e\u015fidi olup iyi bir m\u00fccevher imalinde de kullan\u0131lan kuars t\u00fcr\u00fc.
\n Kristalin kuarslardaki renkler, ya i\u00e7indeki manganez, demir, nikel gibi, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k maddelerden veya dumanl\u0131 kuarsta oldu\u011fu gibi, radyoaktiviteden ileri gelir. Kuars \u0131s\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman bu renklerden baz\u0131lar\u0131 kaybolur. Kristallerde umumiyetle hava kabarc\u0131klar\u0131 ve az miktarda ba\u015fka kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k minerallerin izleri vard\u0131r. Sa\u00e7 \u015feklindeki rutil krsitalleri, rutinle\u015fmi\u015f(TiO2) kuars\u0131 veya \u201cVen\u00fcs sa\u00e7\u0131\u201dn\u0131 meydana getirirler. \u201cKedi g\u00f6z\u00fc\u201d ve \u201c Kaplan g\u00f6z\u00fc\u201d denilen kuars, asbest [ uzun ince k\u0131l\u0131ms\u0131 b\u00fcnyeli olarak olu\u015fan aktinolit (CaMg3Si4O12 ve FeO), amyant yahut asbest veya hornblende asbesti] lifleri ihtiva edebilir. Hematitle renklenmi\u015folan kuarsa da demirli kuars denir.
\n Pembe kuars, mavi kuars, strin, ametist, dumanl\u0131 kuars, s\u00fctl\u00fc kuars ile kat\u0131\u015f\u0131k maddelerle birlikte bulunan kaplan g\u00f6z\u00fc ve ven\u00fcs sa\u00e7\u0131 ismi ile an\u0131lan t\u00fcrler kristalin kuars\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131calar\u0131d\u0131r.\u2014> Saydam k\u0131ymetli ta\u015flar, Kuars, Kuars\u0131n k\u0131ymetli ta\u015flar\u0131, Gizli kristalin kuars, Necefta\u015f\u0131 (SiO2).
\n KR\u0130STAL\u0130ZASYON YOLUYLA AYIRMA, \u00c7\u00f6zeltilerin i\u00e7erdi\u011fi belli elementlerin veya bile\u015fiklerin; \u00e7\u00f6zeltme ortam\u0131nda bulunan s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131smi buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00e7\u00f6zeltinin so\u011futulmas\u0131 us\u00fcllerinden biriyle veya m\u00fc\u015ftereken kristalle\u015fmesini sa\u011flayarak zenginle\u015ftirme.
\n KR\u0130STALLENME, \u2014> Kristal te\u015fekk\u00fcl\u00fc.
\n KR\u0130STALOGRAF\u0130, Kristal haldeki madde-lerin olu\u015fumunu, yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, fiziksel ve kimyasal \u00f6zelliklerini inceleyen bilim dal\u0131. \u2014> Kristal, Kristal te\u015fekk\u00fcl\u00fc.
\n KR\u0130STAL S\u0130STEMLER\u0130, Molek\u00fcl yap\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re miner\u00e2llerin kristallenmesi sonucu meydana gelen kristallerin olu\u015fum (te\u015fekk\u00fcl) sistemleri. Simetri kristallerin temel bir \u00f6zelli\u011fidir. \u2014> Kristal. B\u00fct\u00fcn kristaller e\u011femen simetri \u00f6\u011felerine (unsurlar\u0131na) g\u00f6re alt\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131fa ayr\u0131l\u0131r.
\n Bu kristal sistemleri izometrik (k\u00fcbik), heksagonal (alt\u0131gen), tetragonal (d\u00f6rtgen), ortorombik, monoklinal (monoklinik) ve triklinal (triklinik) sistemlerdir. Baz\u0131 kristalo\u011fraflar trigonal ya da romboedral (romboredrik) sistemi yedincibir sistem olarak kabul etmekle birlikte bu sistem \u00e7o\u011funlukla heksagonal sistemin i\u00e7inde tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. \u2014> \u015eekil Kristalografi, Kristal.
\n KR\u0130T\u0130K BOYUT, Eleme sonucunda elde edilen elek alt\u0131 ve elek \u00fcst\u00fc \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin i\u00e7inde bulunabilen ve elek a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 0,75 ile 1,5 kat\u0131 aras\u0131nda olabilen par\u00e7alar\u0131n boyutlar\u0131. Elek deli\u011fi boyutuna g\u00f6re kritik par\u00e7alar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 elemenin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck veya kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirler.
\n KR\u0130T\u0130K CEVHER STOKLARI, Ekonominin buhranl\u0131 d\u00f6nemleri ge\u00e7i\u015ftirebilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli olan ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckteki cevher sto\u011fu.
\n KR\u0130T\u0130K FAAL\u0130YET, \u2014> \u015eebeke planlamas\u0131.
\n KR\u0130T\u0130K HIZ, Bilyal\u0131 de\u011firmenlerde, \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fclen malzemeyi te\u015fkil eden taneciklerin herbirinin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6nmenin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 eksantrik kuvvete denk oldu\u011fu ve par\u00e7an\u0131n de\u011firmen i\u00e7 c\u0131dar\u0131na sanki yap\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015fgibi kalma durumunu yaratan h\u0131z.
\n KR\u0130T\u0130K TEN\u00d6R, Bir cevher yata\u011f\u0131nda mevzii bir k\u0131sm\u0131n zenginle\u015ftirme tesisine veya dekapaj d\u00f6k\u00fcm sahas\u0131na g\u00f6nderilmesinde ay\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131na \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc olan ten\u00f6r de\u011feri. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle, kritik ten\u00f6r alt\u0131nda olan kesimin tesislerinde i\u015flenmesi ekonomik de\u011fildir.
\n KR\u0130T\u0130K YOL, \u2014> \u015eebeke planlamas\u0131.
\n KR\u0130T\u0130K YOL METODU, Bir projede yer almas\u0131 gereken faaliyetler ele al\u0131narak bunlar\u0131n do\u011fru yap\u0131l\u0131\u015fs\u0131ralar\u0131n\u0131, teknolojik s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 ve birbirleri ile \u00e7apraz ili\u015fkilerini tesbit ederek projenin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclme-sinin ve takibini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirilmi\u015fy\u00f6ntem. Kritik yol metodu deyiminin k\u0131saltmas\u0131 CPM\u2019dir.
\n CMP \u00f6zellikle, projeyi te\u015fkil eden i\u015fve faaliyetlerin s\u00fcre ve maliyetleri olduk\u00e7a hassas olarak tahmin edilebilen, bina in\u015faat\u0131, tesis kurulmas\u0131 vb. projelerde uygulan\u0131r.
\n KR\u0130T\u0130K YOL PLANLAMASI, \u2014> \u015eebeke planlamas\u0131. Kritik Yol Metodu.
\n KR\u0130YOL\u0130T, Sodyum aluminyum fluorit bile\u015fiminde bir mineral (Na3 Al F6).Elektrolit olarak aluminyum metalurjisinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Hidroklorik asit, sodyum karbonat ve aluminyum hidrattan sentetik olarak da elde edilir. Do\u011fal rezervleri yayg\u0131n de\u011fildir ; bilinen en \u00f6nemli kriyolit yata\u011f\u0131 Gr\u00f6nland adas\u0131ndad\u0131r (\u0130vigtut) ve kar beyaz\u0131 k\u00fctleler halinde bulunur.
\n KR\u0130ZOPRAS, Yar\u0131 saydam elma ye\u015fili renkte bir \u2014> Kalsedon. Rengi bile\u015fimindeki nikel oksitten ileri gelmektedir.
\n KR\u0130ZOT\u0130L, \u2014> Zebercet.
\n KROK\u0130, 1) Bir yerin, bir tesisin veya bir makinenin \u00f6l\u00e7eksiz olarak yap\u0131lan plan\u0131. 2) Taslak.
\n KROM \u00c7EL\u0130\u011e\u0130, Elektrik veya Siemens-Martin f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131nda ferrokrom ilavesi ile elde edilen \u00e7elik. % 0,5 Cr ilavesi, \u00e7eli\u011fin sertli\u011fini, mukavemetini ve elastikiyetini art\u0131r\u0131r. % 10-15 Cr ilavesi ile paslanmaz \u00e7elik elde edilir.
\n KROM\u0130T, Kimyasal form\u00fcl\u00fc FeO. Cr2O3 veya FeCr2O4 (\u2014> Spinel) olan krom mineral\u0131. Kromit, bazik magmatik kaya\u00e7lar veya bunlardan meydana gelmi\u015folan metamorfik kaya\u00e7lar i\u00e7inde bulunur. Kromitin cevher olarak sat\u0131lmas\u0131nda en \u00f6nemli unsurlar Cr\/Fe oran\u0131 (ra\u015fyo) ile Cr2O3 ve SiO2 y\u00fczdeleridir. Metalurji end\u00fcstrisi i\u00e7in Cr\/Fe oran\u0131n\u0131n 3:1, Cr2O3 miktar\u0131n\u0131n ise % 46 civar\u0131nda olmas\u0131 istenir. SiO2 miktar\u0131 ise % 3-10 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015febilir.
\n KROM N\u0130KEL \u00c7EL\u0130\u011e\u0130, B\u00fcnyesine Cr ve Ni ilave edilmi\u015fsert ve elastik \u00e7elik (% 1,5-3,5 Ni ve % 0,5-1,5 Cr).
\n KRON, 1) Ta\u00e7 bi\u00e7iminde, ortas\u0131 delik, karotlu delmelerde kullan\u0131lan matkap. 2) Sondaj tijlerine ba\u011flanan kesici ve delici u\u00e7. 3) Ba\u015fl\u0131k. 4) Delici burgu ucu. 5) Jakbit. \u2014> \u015eekil.
\n KROVN – BLOK , (CROWN – BLOCK) \u2014> Sondaj kulesi.
\n KROS\u0130NG, \u2014> Hava k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc.<\/p>\n

KUARS , Az \u00e7ok saf halde bulunan kristalle\u015fmi\u015fsilisyum dioksit (SiO2) \u00e7e\u015fitlerine verilen ad. Kuars, bir\u00e7ok kayac\u0131n b\u00fcnyesinde, yer kabu\u011funda en yayg\u0131n bulunan, sertli\u011fi 7, \u00f6zg\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 2,85 gr\/cm3, \u00e7izgisi beyaz, \u00e7abuk k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve k\u0131r\u0131lma y\u00fcz\u00fc sedef i\u00e7i \u015feklinde (Konkoidal), ergime s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 1785\u00b0C olan kaya\u00e7 yap\u0131c\u0131 bir ana mineraldir.Ba\u015fl\u0131ca kuars \u00e7e\u015fitleri \u015funlard\u0131r : Renksiz \u201csaydam kuars\u201d veya \u201cda\u011f kristali\u201d; kahverengi \u201cdumanl\u0131 kuars\u201d; sar\u0131 renkli \u201csitrin\u201d; koyu portakal rengindeki \u201cmaderia sitrin\u201d; ye\u015fil renkli \u201ckloritli kuars\u201d; menek\u015fe renkli \u201cmor necef\u201d; kan k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131s\u0131 rengindeki \u201cyemani\u201d; pembe renkli \u201chematoyit kuars\u201d; \u201ckedig\u00f6z\u00fc\u201d, i\u00e7inde amyant lifleri; \u201cy\u0131ld\u0131zta\u015f\u0131\u201d, i\u00e7inde mika pullar\u0131 bulunan kuars t\u00fcrleridir. Kuars kristalin kitleler halinde bulunur ve \u015fartlar m\u00fcsait oldu\u011fu takdirde, heksagonal kristaller te\u015fekk\u00fcl eder. Ekseriya kalker kovuklar\u0131nda bulunan \u00e7ift u\u00e7lu kuars kristallerine, bazen \u201cHerkimer elmaslar\u0131\u201d gibi lokal isimler de verilir. Daha b\u00fcy\u00fck kristallerin de kovuklar\u0131 kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bunlar ekseriye m\u00fccevherat olarak kesilir ve \u201ckaya kristalin\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. B\u00fcnyesinde su ihtiva eden kuarsa \u2014> Opal denir. (Opal SiO2 x H2O amorf yani kuars\u0131n kristalin olmayan ve b\u00fcnyesinde % 3-9 su ihtiva eden t\u00fcr\u00fc.) Kristal halindeki kuars, eksenine tam dik olarak kesildi\u011fi zaman, elde edilen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bloklar \u00fczerine bas\u0131n\u00e7 yolu ile k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir elektrik y\u00fck\u00fc y\u00fcklenebilir. Bu niteli\u011finden dolay\u0131 kuars; radyo, televizyon ve radarda da kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. G\u00fczel kuars kristalleri sanayide optik ve elektrik uygulamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok aran\u0131r. Ne yaz\u0131k ki \u00e7o\u011fu kuars kristalleri g\u00f6zle farkedilemeyecek \u015fekilde optik ikizdir. Bu ikiz kristallerde, \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 sola d\u00f6nd\u00fcren bir kristal ile \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011fa d\u00f6nd\u00fcren di\u011fer bir kristal biraraya gelmi\u015ftir; bu y\u00fczden b\u00f6yle ikiz kristalden optikte yararlan\u0131lamaz. Elektrikte ikiz, piyezo elektri\u011fi azalt\u0131r veya tamamen yok eder. Kuars \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131nca hacmi artarak \u00f6nce \u201ctridimit\u201d, sonra da \u201ckristobalit\u201d haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.Metalurji f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n silisle kaplanmas\u0131nda bu polimorf d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmlerin g\u00f6zetilmesi zorunludur. Ergitilen kuars, genle\u015fme katsay\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan bir silis cam\u0131 verir; bu sayede, ani \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fmelerine k\u0131r\u0131lmadan dayanabilen silis cam\u0131ndan e\u015fyalar yap\u0131labilir. Baz\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere g\u00f6re kristallerin terapik etkileri de vard\u0131r. Bunlardan; saydam kuars kristali; \u00fcstlerindeki enerjileri kuma\u015flardan bile ge\u00e7irerek ya\u015flanmay\u0131 geciktirir. Kuars kristali terapi k\u00fcrlerinin en \u00f6nemlilerindendir. Buna g\u00f6re; v\u00fccudumuzdaki zihinsel, bedensel ve ruhsal d\u00fczeyimizi artt\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 enerji \u00fcretir. Ortamdaki t\u00fcm negatif olumsuzluklar\u0131 geri iter. Meditasyon i\u00e7in \u00e7ok uygundur. A\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k ve netle\u015ftirmede k\u0131lavuz bir ta\u015ft\u0131r. Mavi kuars; troid ve metabolizma dengeleri \u00fczerinde g\u00fc\u00e7lendiricidir. \u00d6ks\u00fcr\u00fck azalt\u0131c\u0131 ve ate\u015fd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr. Zihin a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcven duygusu sunar. Hata duygular\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r. Tehlikeden koruyucudur. Cinsel problemlere iyi gelir. Pembe kuars; stresi giderici olup, hata duygular\u0131n\u0131, korkuyu ve \u00f6fkeyi azalt\u0131r. Negatif enerjiden koruyucudur. Ruhun inceli\u011finin sembol\u00fcd\u00fcr. Huzur ve duygu y\u00fckl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Sevgi ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Negatif enerjiyi \u00e7ekip, bo\u015faltma \u00f6zelli\u011finden dolay\u0131 bilgisayar v.b. cihazlar\u0131n elektrostatik ak\u0131m olumsuzluklar\u0131n\u0131 giderir. Cihazlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda bulundurulmas\u0131 tavsiye edilir.
\n Kuars jenetik olarak, 1- Magmatik, 2- Metamorfik, 3- Sedimenter k\u00f6kenlidir. Do\u011fada fay ve \u00e7atlaklarda filon halinde bulunur. Ayr\u0131ca cevher yataklar\u0131nda gang minerali olarak rastlan\u0131r.
\n KUARSIN KIYMETL\u0130 TA\u015eLARI (SiO2), En iyi tan\u0131nan ve ikinci derecede k\u0131ymetli ta\u015flar. Bunlar\u0131n en k\u0131ymetlisi olan kuars\u0131n krsitalin olmayan t\u00fcr\u00fc ve diatomelerle silisli s\u00fcngerlerin iskeletlerinden olu\u015fan umumiyetle renksiz ve beyaz olup renklisi k\u0131ymetli ta\u015folarak kullan\u0131lan opaller ile donuk beyaz, sar\u0131, ye\u015fil ve tu\u011fla k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131s\u0131 renklerdeki adi opal; opalin bir \u00e7e\u015fidi olan gayzerit; diatomelerle (diatomit) di\u011fer organizmalar\u0131n mikroskobik kabuklar\u0131ndan meydana gelen \u201c tripolit\u201d tebe\u015fir gibi beyaz, ince, taneli fakat sert ve cam\u0131 \u00e7izer (Moskof topra\u011f\u0131); Berrak, renksiz, cams\u0131 bir opal olan ekseriya kaya\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde kabuk ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck damar dolgular\u0131 halinde bulunan bazen yar\u0131 saydam veya beyaz olan \u201c Hyalit \u201c gibi opaller, k\u0131ymetli ta\u015flar s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na dahildir.
\n Saydam kuars m\u00fccevher ta\u015flar\u0131; renksiz veya sar\u0131, kahverengi, mavi, siyah, mor, pembe ve nadiren de ye\u015fil renkte olur. Yar\u0131 saydam veya mat kuars m\u00fccevher ta\u015flar\u0131 daha da \u00e7e\u015fitli renk ve \u015fekiller arzeder. Bir k\u0131sm\u0131 bandl\u0131, \u00e7izgili veya beneklidir. Bunlar\u0131n isimleri bulunduklar\u0131 yerlere g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir. Baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n birka\u00e7 ismi vard\u0131r, baz\u0131 isimler de birden fazla ta\u015fi\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n Kuars\u0131n k\u0131ymetli ta\u015flar\u0131 aras\u0131nda; y\u0131ld\u0131zl\u0131 pembe kuars, strin, dumanl\u0131 kuars, Ametist, k\u0131ymetli opal, ate\u015fopali, siyah opal, beyaz kalsedon [ k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 renklisi-karnoel, Ni tesiriyle ye\u015fil olan\u0131 krisopras (g\u00f6zboncu\u011fu), ipek yahut yosuna benzer ye\u015fil yahut esmer yabanc\u0131 madde i\u00e7ereni -mokkata\u015f\u0131 ve yosunakik, muhtelif renkli yuvarlak ve ince tabaklardan ibaret olan kalsedona-akik (a\u011fat)], sarduan, oniks (ekseriya siyah-beyaz veya kahverengi beyaz renkli d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u015feritli bir akik) \u2014> Kalsit, Jasp (mat kuars umumiyetle k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, sar\u0131, kahverengi yahut bu renklerin kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131, bazen bantl\u0131), kanta\u015f\u0131, krizopras (rengi bile\u015fimindeki nikel oksitten gelen yar\u0131 saydam elma ye\u015fili renkte bir kalsedon), karnalin (ekseriya saydam, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 veya k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kahverengi tonlu bir kalsedon); say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u2014> Saydam k\u0131ymetli ta\u015flar, Kuars, Kristalin kuars, Gizli kristalin kuars, Necefta\u015f\u0131 (SiO2).
\n KUARS\u0130T, 1) Esas unsuru kuars olan taneli bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcye sahip az \u00e7ok \u015fist yap\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6steren metamorfik kaya\u00e7. 2) Gayet ince kuars tanecikleriyle silisli \u00e7imentodan olu\u015fan gre. B\u00fcnyesinde % 75-95 SiO2 i\u00e7eren kuarsite protokuarsit, % 95\u2019den fazla bulundurana ortokuarsit ad\u0131 verilir.
\n KUARS KUMU , Granit, gnays vb. kuars\u00e7a zengin bir kayac\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r bir tempoyla par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 veya kuars\u00e7a zengin bir ana kayac\u0131n \u00fcst \u00fcste faylanarak b\u00fcy\u00fck bas\u0131n\u00e7larla par\u00e7lanmas\u0131 sonucu olu\u015fan 2 mm\u2019den k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kuars (S\u0130O2) tanecikleri. \u0130kincil olarak kuarsitin \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fclmesi ile de elde edilebilir. Kuars kumu refrakter sanayiinde silika tu\u011fla \u00fcretiminde, d\u00f6k\u00fcm sanayii ve cam sanayiinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Kullan\u0131m alan\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen parametreler SiO2, Fe2O3, Al2O3; MgO, CaO,Co,Cr, As,P2O5 miktarlar\u0131 ve end\u00fcstrilerin gereksinimlerine uygun fiziksel \u00f6zelliklerdir. Kuars kumu (perlit, pomza ve diyatomit gibi minerallerle birlikte), yal\u0131t\u0131ml\u0131 hafif yap\u0131 malzemeleri ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda grupland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Kuars kumlar\u0131 donmu\u015fkar beyaz\u0131, renkli, \u015feker tozu g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc ve \u00e7ok ufak tanelidir. Demir oksit i\u00e7eriyorsa, buna g\u00f6re renk pembeden k\u0131z\u0131la veya koyu kahverengine kadar de\u011fi\u015fir. \u2014> EK-13.
\n KUARS LAMBASI, Ultraviyole \u0131\u015f\u0131n veren kuars cam\u0131ndan mamul lamba. Bunlar sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerinde veya madencilikte, arama ve bilimsel incelemelerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n KULE, Y\u00fcksek ve \u00e7o\u011fu kez betonarme, \u00e7elik veya a\u011fa\u00e7 konstr\u00fcksiyon olarak silindir, kare prizma veya kesik piramit \u015feklinde imal (in\u015fa) edilen (so\u011futma kulesi, ihra\u00e7 kulesi, sondaj kulesi vb.) yap\u0131. \u2014> Sondaj kulesi.
\n KULLANILMI\u015e HAVA, 1) Yeralt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan yerlerden dola\u015farak nefesli\u011fe (hava d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fyoluna) gelmi\u015folan ocak havas\u0131. 2) Kirli hava.
\n KULU\u00c7KA MERKEZ\u0130, \u2014>Teknopark.
\n KUM, 0,06-2 mm \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki ayr\u0131k mineral taneciklerinin birarada olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 y\u0131\u011f\u0131lmalar.
\n Kumlar iri (0,6-2 mm), orta (0,2-0,6 mm) ve ince (0,06-0,2 mm) olmak \u00fczere s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.
\n KUM MUHTEVASI, Sondaj \u00e7amuru i\u00e7indeki nisbeten iri a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n y\u00fczde miktar\u0131.
\n KUMPANYA, 1) Daha \u00e7ok yabanc\u0131 ortakl\u0131k. 2) Topluluk.
\n KUMTA\u015eI, \u2014> Gre.
\n KUPA, \u2014> Dibekta\u015f\u0131.
\n KUPOLA FIRINI, D\u00f6kmecilikte kullan\u0131lan pik ve hurda demirleri eritmeye yarayan tekneli f\u0131r\u0131n.
\n KURBA, 1)D\u00f6neme\u00e7. 2) Viraj. 3) Kurb. 4) Yolun y\u00f6n de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fi k\u0131s\u0131m.
\n KUR\u015eUN, G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fs\u00fc beyaz mavimsi gri renkte, t\u0131rnakla \u00e7izilebilecek kadar yumu\u015fak, d\u00f6v\u00fclebilir ama \u00e7ekmeye elveri\u015fsiz, atom numaras\u0131 82, atom a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 207,19 ergime noktas\u0131 327,5\u00b0C kaynama noktas\u0131 1.744\u00b0C, yo\u011funlu\u011fu 11,29gr\/cm3, peryodik tablonun IVa grubunda (karbon grubu) yer alan kimyasal element. (Simgesi Pb)
\n Kur\u015fun tabiatta s\u00fclf\u00fcr, karbonat, s\u00fclfat ve kompleks klor\u00fcrler \u015feklinde bulunursa da bu metalin hemen yegane cevheri \u00e7ok defa bir miktar g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fde ihtiva eden kur\u015fun s\u00fclf\u00fcr (PbS) yani galendir. Kur\u015funun \u201c Serv\u00fczt (PbCO3) ismi verilen karbonat\u2019\u0131 ile \u201c Anglezit (PbSO3) \u201c ad\u0131 verilen s\u00fclfat\u2019\u0131 cevher olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131mamaktad\u0131r. Bu kur\u015fun mineralleri hava ve suyun yava\u015fetkisiyle galenden meydana gelmi\u015fsekonder minerallerdir.
\n KUR\u015eUN 210\u2019LA TAR\u0130HLEME, \u2014> Kur\u015fun, Uranyum-Toryum-Kur\u015funla Tarihleme.
\n KUR\u015eUN\u0130 BAKIR, Antimonlu bak\u0131r s\u00fclf\u00fcr.
\n KUR\u015eUN L\u0130\u00c7\u0130NG\u0130, \u2014> Kur\u015fun \u00fcretimi.
\n KUR\u015eUN SPES\u0130F\u0130KASYONLARI, Ticarette i\u015flem g\u00f6ren rafine edilmi\u015fkur\u015fun metalinin baz\u0131 \u00fclkeler standard\u0131na uygun olarak belirlenen muhteva oranlar\u0131. Kur\u015fun metalinin asgari rafine safiyetinin % 99,85 Pb olmas\u0131 istenir. % 99,999 safiyette \u201cZone Refined\u201d tipi de vard\u0131r. LME\u2019in \u201cGrade Pure Lead\u201di i\u00e7inde asgari % 99,97 Pb bulunur. ASTM B29-79 \u00fc\u00e7 tip s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: (a) Corroding; asg. % 99,94 Pb ve azami % 0,0025 Ag+Cu. (b) Common; asg. % 99,94 Pb, azami % 0,005 Ag, azami % 0,0015 Cu. (c) Chemical and Copper Bearing; asg. % 99,90 Pb, azami % 0,1 Ag + Cu.
\n KUR\u015eUN \u00dcRET\u0130M\u0130, Kur\u015fun cevherinden, kur\u015fun konsantresinden, kur\u015fun-\u00e7inko kar\u0131\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 konsantreden, li\u00e7ing sonucu elde edilen kur\u015fun \u00e7amuru veya \u00e7\u00f6kele\u011finden \u2014> Pirometalurjik i\u015flemler sonucu metal kur\u015fun elde edilmesi. Pirometalujik i\u015flemlerin uygulanarak metal kur\u015fun elde edilen y\u00f6ntemleri \u015funlard\u0131r:
\n 1. \u0130SP (Imperial smelting), 2. Reverber f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131, 3. Water jacket f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131, 4. D\u00f6ner f\u0131r\u0131nlar, 5. Elektro-termik f\u0131r\u0131nlar, 6. Kaldo y\u00f6ntemi (Boliden), 7. Kivcet CS y\u00f6ntemi, 8. QSL (Queneau-Schumann-Lurgi) y\u00f6ntemi, 9. Ausmelt-Isagmelt y\u00f6ntemi, 10. Flash izabe y\u00f6ntemi (Outo kumpu). Pirometalurjik y\u00f6ntemler uygulanmadan \u00f6nce kur\u015fun cevheri konsantre haline getirilir veya hidrometalurjik y\u00f6ntemlerle li\u00e7inge tabi tutularak \u00e7\u00f6keltilir. Kur\u015fun cevheri zenginle\u015ftirilmeden \u00f6nce k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00d6\u011f\u00fctme a\u015famas\u0131nda genellikle \u00e7ubuklu de\u011firmen kullan\u0131larak nisbeten yumu\u015fak ve k\u0131r\u0131lgan olan cevherin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fclmesi \u00f6nlenir. \u0130nce \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme bilyal\u0131 de\u011firmenlerde yap\u0131l\u0131r ve hidrosiklonla kapal\u0131 devre olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra zenginle\u015ftirme i\u015flemi i\u00e7in flotasyon tesisine verilir. K\u0131rma ve \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme a\u015famas\u0131nda iri mineral par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n kolayca k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fini ta\u015f\u0131yan cevherin bulunmas\u0131 durumunda, gravimetrik y\u00f6ntemlerle bir ilk konsantrasyon elde edilmesi tercih edilir. Bu a\u015famada jig ve a\u011f\u0131r mayi devreye konur ve buradan elde edilen \u00fcr\u00fcn ince \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme devresine verilir. Bu \u015fekilde \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme ve flotasyondan \u00f6nce \u2014> Gang par\u00e7alar\u0131 devreden \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lm\u0131\u015folur. Elde edilen kur\u015fun konsantesi sinterleme, izabe ve rafinasyon i\u015flemlerine tabi tutulur. Kur\u015fun cevherinin li\u00e7inge tabi tutulmas\u0131 suretiyle zenginle\u015ftirilmesi ise klorlu bile\u015fiklerle veya s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asitle, yap\u0131l\u0131r. Klorlu bile\u015fiklerle muamele yap\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce PbS halinde olan cevher 400-500\u00b0C \u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda kavrulur ve Pb SO4 haline getirilir. Daha sonra kavurmaya devam edilir; KCl ve KCl3 kat\u0131larak PbCl2 elde edilir. Kur\u015fun klor\u00fcr ise hurda demirle reaksiyona girerek kur\u015funun \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fcr\u00fclmesi sa\u011flan\u0131r. Bu \u015fekilde elde edilen kur\u015fun \u00e7amuru izabehanede k\u00fcl\u00e7e kur\u015fun haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. S\u00fclf\u00fcrik asitle li\u00e7ingde, kur\u015fun cevheri i\u00e7indeki emp\u00fcriteler (istenmezler) asit alt\u0131nda eritilir ve \u00e7\u00f6ken k\u0131s\u0131mda k\u0131smen PbSO4 ve k\u0131smen PbS kal\u0131r. Bunlar da daha sonra pirometalurjik y\u00f6ntemlerden birisi ile kur\u015fun k\u00fcl\u00e7esine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Pirometalurjik y\u00f6ntemlerden biriyle \u00fcretilen ham kur\u015fun br\u00fcl\u00f6rle \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lan bir potada ergimi\u015fhalde iken d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclerek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 yard\u0131m\u0131yla rafine edilir. Potaya toz halinde k\u00fck\u00fcrt ilave edilerek kontroll\u00fc so\u011futma ile \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmez duruma gelen bak\u0131r ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve daha sonra kok k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc tozu, a\u011fa\u00e7 tala\u015f\u0131 vb. kat\u0131l\u0131r, hava \u00fcflenerek indirgemeye tabi tutulan di\u011fer metaller ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Sudkostik ilavesi ile de antimuan ve bizmut y\u00fczeyde curuf olarak toplan\u0131r. Delikli kep\u00e7e ile yabanc\u0131 maddeler al\u0131n\u0131r ve % 99,8 safl\u0131kta yumu\u015fak kur\u015fun elde edilir.\u2014> Kur\u015fun spesifikasyonlar\u0131. G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn kur\u015fundan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in de,saf \u00e7inko tozlar\u0131 ergimi\u015fkur\u015fun i\u00e7ine at\u0131larak \u00e7inkonun g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015file amalgam olu\u015fturmas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. Bu amalgam g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fk\u00f6p\u00fc\u011f\u00fc halinde y\u00fczeyde toplan\u0131r ve s\u00fczge\u00e7li kep\u00e7elerle al\u0131n\u0131r. Bu k\u00f6p\u00fck, bir f\u0131r\u0131nda br\u00fcl\u00f6rle \u0131s\u0131t\u0131larak \u00e7inko u\u00e7urulur ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015felde edilir. U\u00e7urulan \u00e7inko ise yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak tekrar k\u00fcl\u00e7e \u00e7inko halinde kazan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n KUR\u015eUNDAN G\u00dcM\u00dc\u015e TASF\u0130YES\u0130, \u2014> Kur\u015fun \u00fcretimi.
\n KURTA\u011eZI, Tahkimatta kullan\u0131lan f\u0131r\u00e7alar\u0131n iki ucunun veya \u00e7atal direklerin sarma ile temas eden ucunun sarma dire\u011fine tam temas etmesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in ay \u015feklinde balta ile veya silindirik testere ile \u00f6zel olarak haz\u0131rlanan (\u00e7enti bi\u00e7imi) ucu veya u\u00e7lar\u0131.
\n KURTARMA C\u0130HAZI, Tahlisiye cihaz\u0131. Tahlisiyecilerin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131, d\u0131\u015fhava ile irtibat\u0131 olmayan, teneff\u00fcs devresinde oksijen t\u00fcp\u00fc ve teneff\u00fcs edilen oksijenden CO2\u2019yi ay\u0131rma d\u00fczeni bulunan cihaz.
\n KURTARMA EK\u0130B\u0130 , 1 ) Grizu, k\u00f6m\u00fcrtozu vb. infilak veya yanma olay\u0131nda kazaya u\u011frayanlar\u0131 kurtarmak i\u00e7in te\u015fkil edilen ve tahlisiye cihazlar\u0131 ile te\u00e7hiz edilmi\u015fekip. 2) Herhangi bir kazada kazaya u\u011frayanlar\u0131 kurtarmak i\u00e7in g\u00f6revli ekip.
\n KURTARMA \u0130STASYONU, \u2014> Tahlisiye istasyonu.
\n KURTARMA RANDIMANI, \u2014> Metal kurtarma rand\u0131man\u0131.
\n KURU BUZ, Kat\u0131 (dondurulmu\u015f) karbondioksit.
\n KURU DEL\u0130K DELME, 1) La\u011f\u0131m deliklerinin delinmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan tozlar\u0131n havaya kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyici bir tedbir al\u0131nmadan la\u011f\u0131m deli\u011fi delme usul\u00fc. 2) La\u011f\u0131m deliklerinin delinmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan tozun vakumla emilmesi suretiyle havaya kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyici bir d\u00fczenle la\u011f\u0131m delme usul\u00fc. Bu usulle delik delmede emme ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tak\u0131labilen \u00f6zel la\u011f\u0131m burgusu ve toz emici cihaz kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n KURU HAZIRLAMA, Tuv\u00f6nan cevher veya k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn, m\u00fc\u015fterinin istedi\u011fi boyutlarda ve ten\u00f6rde su kullan\u0131lmadan, sat\u0131labilir hale getirilmesi.
\n KURU TABANLI TOZ K\u00d6M\u00dcR YAKICI-LARI, Alev s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, k\u00fcl ergime s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7meyecek \u015fekilde kontrol edildi\u011fi ve alevin \u0131s\u0131 transfer y\u00fczeylerini yalayacak \u015fekilde ge\u00e7ti\u011fi; k\u00fcl\u00fcn aglomera edilmeden \u00e7ekildi\u011fi yak\u0131c\u0131lar. Bu t\u00fcr yak\u0131c\u0131larda k\u00fcl, yap\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve u\u00e7u\u015ftu\u011fu i\u00e7in, elektrostatik \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerde ve filitrelerde topland\u0131ktan sonra \u00e7ekilir.
\n KURULU G\u00dc\u00c7, \u2014> Elektrik enerjisi temininde kurulu g\u00fc\u00e7.
\n KURU\u015eLU AMBAR, \u2014> Ambar.
\n KURUTMA, Cevherle birlikte fiziki olarak s\u00fcr\u00fcklenen rutubetin cevherden \u0131s\u0131 yard\u0131m\u0131 ile veya mekanik bir y\u00f6ntemle (santrif\u00fcj kuvveti) uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131.
\n KURVENBAND, Yatay ve d\u00fc\u015fey hareket kabiliyeti olan d\u00f6neme\u00e7lere uyumlu nakliye band\u0131. \u2014> \u015eekil.
\n KU\u015e G\u00d6Z\u00dc, Bir halat\u0131n b\u00fck\u00fcmleri gev\u015fetilmeden zorlanarak \u00e7ekilmesi durumunda olu\u015fan ar\u0131zal\u0131 yer.
\n KUVARS, \u2014> Kuars.
\n KUVVET GAZI, Generat\u00f6r gaz\u0131 ile su gaz\u0131n\u0131n kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan elde edilen yan\u0131c\u0131 gaz. Kuvvet gaz\u0131;
\n % 24,6-29,2 CO
\n % 14,8-10,1 H2
\n % 1,6-0,8 CH4
\n % 6,0-3,5 CO2
\n % 53,0-56,2 N2
\n ihtiva eder, kalorifik de\u011feri 1.255 Kcal\/m3\u2019t\u00fcr.
\n KUYRUK , Mermer madencili\u011finde, ta\u015f\u0131n arka y\u00fczeyinden daha arkaya do\u011fru uzayan k\u0131sm\u0131.
\n KUYRUK HALATI, 1) Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 iki kafes ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir maden kuyusunda, u\u00e7lar\u0131 iki kafesin tabanlar\u0131na ba\u011flanan ve ta\u015f\u0131ma halatlar\u0131n\u0131 dengeleyen \u00e7elik halat. 2) Alt halat. 3) Denge halat\u0131.
\n Kuyruk halatlar\u0131 genellikle yass\u0131 halatlardan se\u00e7ilir. \u2014> Halat de\u011fi\u015ftirme.
\n KUYRUK KABLOSU, Maden i\u015fletmeleri ve di\u011fer \u015fantiyelerde elektrikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ekskavat\u00f6r vb. makineleri besleyen g\u00fc\u00e7 nakil kablosu.
\n KUYU, Yeralt\u0131 i\u015fyerlerine ula\u015fmak amac\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015fve kesit boyutlar\u0131 derinli\u011fine oranla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131, d\u00fc\u015fey ve d\u00fc\u015feye yak\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131 yolu. \u2014> Desandri.
\n KUYUBA\u015eI, 1) Kuyuya yer\u00fcst\u00fcnden giri\u015fyeri. 2) Kuyu a\u011fz\u0131nda kurulu tesislerin t\u00fcm\u00fc.
\n KUYUBA\u015eI MANEVRA \u0130STASYONU, 1) Maden kuyusu a\u011fz\u0131nda veya yerden 10 m kadar y\u00fckseklikte te\u015fkil edilen, dolu ve bo\u015fvagonlar\u0131n manevra yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer. 2) Kuyuba\u015f\u0131 r\u00f6seti. \u2014> Kuyuba\u015f\u0131.
\n KUYUBA\u015eI R\u00d6SET\u0130, \u2014> Kuyuba\u015f\u0131 manevra istasyonu.
\n KUYU B\u0130LEZ\u0130\u011e\u0130, Kuyu kaz\u0131s\u0131na ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman kuyu a\u011fz\u0131na yap\u0131lan daha kal\u0131n cidar\u0131 olan dairevi kuyu a\u011fz\u0131 tahkimat\u0131.
\n KUYUD\u0130B\u0130, 1) Kuyunun en alt katla birle\u015fti\u011fi yer. 2) Kuyudan insan, maden ve malzeme naklini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in yeralt\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lan ve kuyu ile irtibatl\u0131 akrosaj, skip cebi, tulumba dairesi vb. yeralt\u0131 yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc.
\n KUYUD\u0130B\u0130 DOLDURMA YER\u0130, *Kuyu dibinde veya ana kat seviyelerinin alt\u0131nda \u00f6zel olarak a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015fskip ceplerine skiplerin kolayca doldurulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck silo ve oluklar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yer.
\n KUYUD\u0130B\u0130 HAVUZU, Maden kuyusunda ocak sular\u0131n\u0131n birikti\u011fi en dip kuyu k\u0131sm\u0131. Havuzun su alma kapasitesi; genellikle 24 saat boyunca gelen suyu depolayacak kadard\u0131r. Havuzun su seviyesi, kuyu kafesinin indi\u011fi en alt kat\u0131n kotundan daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. \u2014> Su ihrac\u0131.
\n KUYU KAPAKLARI, Maden kuyusu i\u00e7ine herhangi bir \u015feyin d\u00fc\u015fmesini \u00f6nleyen kapama d\u00fczeni.
\n KUYU KAZI KOVASI, \u2014> Fonsaj kovas\u0131.
\n KUYU KAZI METODU, Kayac\u0131n cinsine, su gelirine, inilecek derinli\u011fe ve kuyu \u00e7ap\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak tercih edilen usul. Kumavim kaya\u00e7 ve az su geliri olan yerlerde \u2014> Standart kaz\u0131 metodu; gev\u015fek, kumlu ve su geliri fazla olan formasyonlarda; \u2014> Formasyon dondurma, 30 m derinli\u011fe kadar \u2014> Keson kuyu, gev\u015fek ve sulu yerlerde palplan\u015f\u00e7akma veya arazinin su seviyesini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek suretiyle \u00f6zel kaz\u0131 metodlar\u0131 uygulan\u0131r.
\n KUYU KAZI TULUMBASI, Kuyu kaz\u0131s\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda biriken suyu d\u0131\u015far\u0131 bo\u015faltmaya yarayan ve su i\u00e7ine dald\u0131r\u0131lan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boyutlu, elektrik veya bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck irtifal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc tulumba. \u2014> \u015eamandral\u0131 tulumba.
\n KUYU KES\u0130T\u0130, \u2014> Ana kuyu kesiti. K\u00f6r kuyu kesiti.
\n KUYU KILAVUZU, \u2014> Kay\u0131t.
\n KUYU K\u0130R\u0130\u015eLER\u0130, \u2014> Ana kuyu kesiti .
\n KUYU K\u00dcRS\u00dcS\u00dc, 1) Yeralt\u0131 i\u015fletmelerinde a\u00e7\u0131lan kuyularla kat la\u011f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n birle\u015fme yerlerinde yatay nakliyat sisteminin dikey nakliyat sistemi ile uyumlu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kuyu i\u00e7i ve kat a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131na kurulan \u00e7elik veya a\u011fa\u00e7 kalaslardan imal edilmi\u015fiskele \u015feklinde (\u00e7er\u00e7eve) konstr\u00fcksiyon. Kafes kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ve kat a\u011fz\u0131 kap\u0131lar\u0131 da bu \u00e7er\u00e7eveye monte edilir. 2) Kuyu \u00e7er\u00e7evesi.
\n KUYU TAHK\u0130MATI, Maden kuyusunun cidarlar\u0131na destek olmak ve b\u00f6ylece kuyu i\u00e7inde insan ve malzeme ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 emniyete almak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan iksa.<\/p>\n

KUYU TOPU\u011eU, Kuyu yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve kuyu ba\u015f\u0131ndaki tesisleri, \u00e7\u00f6kmeden (tasman tesirinden) do\u011facak hasara kar\u015f\u0131 koruyabilmek i\u00e7in, kuyu \u00e7evresinde b\u0131rak\u0131lan emniyet topu\u011fu. \u2014> Topuk.
\n KUZEY ANADOLU FAYI, T\u00fcrkiyemiz y\u00f6n\u00fcnden Saros K\u00f6rfezi\u2019nde ilk belirtileri g\u00f6zlemlenen, Marmara Denizi\u2019ni katettikten sonra \u0130zmit-Adapazar\u0131-Gerede-Re\u015fadiye-Erbaa-Erzincan-Varto\u2019dan ge\u00e7ip Van G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019ne ve hatta \u0130ran\u2019a do\u011fru uzand\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilen sa\u011f y\u00f6nl\u00fc do\u011frultu fay\u0131. Anadolu\u2019nun en etkili ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n say\u0131l\u0131 fazlar\u0131ndan biridir. Kuzey Anadolu\u2019da vuku bulan depremler bu fay ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck faylar \u00fczerinde meydana gelmi\u015flerdir.
\n K\u00dcBAJ, 1) A\u00e7\u0131k i\u015fletmecilikte dekapaj\u0131n m3 cinsinden yerinde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen kabarm\u0131\u015fhacmi. 2) Yeralt\u0131 i\u015fletmecili\u011finde, kullan\u0131lan maden direklerinin hacim ifadesi.
\n K\u00dc\u00c7\u00dcK BULU\u015eLAR, \u2014> Patent.
\n K\u00dc\u00c7\u00dcK \u0130\u015eLETME, G\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00fcretimi 100 ton ile 1000 ton aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen maden i\u015fletmesi.
\n K\u00dc\u00c7\u00dcK NOKTA HESABI, Koordinatlar\u0131 bilinen iki noktay\u0131 birle\u015ftiren do\u011fru \u00fczerindeki noktalar\u0131n koordinatlar\u0131n\u0131 hesaplama y\u00f6ntemi. \u2014> \u015eekil.
\n K\u00dc\u00c7\u00dcK TUMBA, \u2014> K\u00fclb\u00fct\u00f6r.
\n K\u00dcK\u00dcRT, (S) periyodik tablonun VIa grubunda (oksijen grubu) yer alan kimyasal element. Son derece tepkin bir A metaldir. Eski \u00e7a\u011flardanberi \u201cate\u015fta\u015f\u0131\u201d olarak bilinir.
\n Kolay k\u0131r\u0131labilir, k\u0131r\u0131lma y\u00fczeyi midye kabu\u011fu \u015fekilli ( d\u00fcz de\u011fil), ya\u011f par\u0131lt\u0131l\u0131, saf olan\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt sar\u0131s\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k sar\u0131, kil kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015folan\u0131 gri, bit\u00fcm kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015folan\u0131 da kahverengi renkte, \u00e7izgisi beyaz olan, kristalleri elin \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 ile \u00e7atlayan, ovaland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda negatif elektrikle y\u00fcklenen, 111\u00b0C da ergiyen, 270 \u00b0C da g\u00f6g\u00fcmt\u0131rak alevle yanarak k\u00fck\u00fcrtdioksit \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p kokusu ile belli olan, karbons\u00fclfid de ( CS2) kolay \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclen, sertlik derecesi 1,5-2,5, \u00f6zg\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 2,0 olan son derece tepkin bir A metal ( metalik olmayan) element.
\n K\u00fck\u00fcrt, do\u011fada \u00e7e\u015fitli yollarla olu\u015fur. Bunlar da a) Volkan olu\u015flu; 2H2S+O2\u2014>2H2O+2S veya 2H2S+SO2\u2014>2H2O+3S, b) \u00c7\u00f6kelti olu\u015flu; CaSO4+2C\u2014>2CO2+CaS, CaS+O\u2014>CaO+S, CaO+CO2 \u2013\u2013> CaCO3 c) Kaynak olu\u015flu; pek az da olsa k\u00fck\u00fcrtl\u00fc kaynaklarda un \u015feklinde \u00e7\u00f6kelir. d) Biojen olu\u015flu; baz\u0131 organizmalar\u0131n hayat faaliyetiyle olu\u015fur.
\n K\u00fck\u00fcrt, lastik \u00fcretiminde (kau\u00e7u\u011fun elde edilmesinde) s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asit \u00fcretiminde, kibrit yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda, bitkilere zararl\u0131 olan ha\u015farat\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek, barut imalat\u0131 vb. yerlerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n K\u00f6m\u00fcr, petrol ve do\u011falgaz k\u00fck\u00fcrt bile\u015fikleri i\u00e7erir. Pirit ( FeS2), galen (PbS), zinober (HgS), sfelarit (ZnS) ve kalkopirit (CuFeS2) gibi s\u00fclf\u00fcrler ile jips (CaSO4) ve barit (BaSO4) gibi s\u00fclfatlar da k\u00fck\u00fcrt i\u00e7eren \u00f6nemli mineraller aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.
\n K\u00fck\u00fcrt tuz domlar\u0131nda bulunan k\u00fck\u00fcrt \u00e7\u00f6kellerinden \u2013\u2013> Sol\u00fcsyon madencili\u011fi, (Frasch y\u00f6ntemiyle) \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. Bu i\u015flem % 99,9 ar\u0131l\u0131kta k\u00fck\u00fcrt elde edilmesine imkan verir. \u2014> \u015eekil. Do\u011fal gazdan, petrol ar\u0131t\u0131m gazlar\u0131ndan, piritlerden ve bak\u0131r-kur\u015fun-\u00e7inko, kur\u015fun cevherlerinin izabesinden a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kan gazlardan da k\u00fck\u00fcrt elde edilir. K\u00fck\u00fcrt \u00f6b\u00fcr gazlardan \u00e7o\u011funlukla hidrojen s\u00fclf\u00fcr (H2S) olarak ayr\u0131l\u0131r ve Claus y\u00f6ntemiyle element halindeki k\u00fck\u00fcrde d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Claus i\u015fleminde hidrojen s\u00fclf\u00fcr\u00fcn k\u0131smi olarak yanmas\u0131yla olu\u015fan k\u00fck\u00fcrt dioksidin gene hidrojen s\u00fclf\u00fcrle tepkimeye sokulmas\u0131 sonucunda k\u00fck\u00fcrt elde edilir. (2H2S+SO2\u2014> 2H2O+3S). \u2014> \u00dcretim \u015femas\u0131.
\n Ar\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrt a\u00e7\u0131k sar\u0131 renkli, tats\u0131z, kokusuz, gevrek bir kat\u0131d\u0131r, elektri\u011fi iyi iletmez ve suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmez.
\n Maden yata\u011f\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen tuv\u00f6nan k\u00fck\u00fcrt cevheri, yakaca\u011f\u0131 az olan yerlerde,\u2014> Kalkaroni usul\u00fc k\u00fck\u00fcrt \u00fcretimi, b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00fctleler halinde y\u0131\u011f\u0131l\u0131p bu y\u0131\u011f\u0131n ate\u015flenerek (burada k\u00fck\u00fcrt k\u0131smen yanar), bu yanmadan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u0131s\u0131 geri kalan k\u0131sm\u0131 ergitir ve b\u00f6ylece ergimi\u015fk\u00fck\u00fcrt elde edilir. K\u00fck\u00fcrt izabehanelerinde ise; (\u2014> \u015eekil), bu i\u015fb\u00fcy\u00fck potalarda yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bu potalar alttan \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r burada k\u00fck\u00fcrt kaynar ve buharla\u015f\u0131r, k\u00fck\u00fcrt buharlar\u0131 so\u011futulmu\u015fdi\u011fer potalarda yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r daha sonra dam\u0131t\u0131lmak yoluyla ar\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. K\u00fck\u00fcrt buharlar\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131 hale ge\u00e7meden yo\u011funla\u015facak olursa ince bir toz elde edilirki buna \u201ck\u00fck\u00fcrt \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi\u201c denir. Buharlar yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131rken s\u0131v\u0131 hale gelen k\u00fck\u00fcrt \u0131slak tahta kal\u0131plara d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu \u015fekilde elde edilen k\u00fcrde \u201c\u00e7ubuk k\u00fck\u00fcrt\u201c denir.
\n Do\u011fada saf veya \u00e7e\u015fitli bile\u015fikler halinde bulunan k\u00fck\u00fcrt sar\u0131 renkli, kokusuz, atom numaras\u0131 16, atom k\u00fctlesi 32,06, k\u00f6t\u00fc iletken, yo\u011funlu\u011fu 1,56 gr\/cm3, 113\u00b0C\u2019a do\u011fru sar\u0131 bir s\u0131v\u0131 vererek ergiyen, 220\u00b0C\u2019a do\u011fru karar\u0131p a\u011fdal\u0131 bir duruma gelen, \u0131s\u0131tma devam ederse tekrar ak\u0131c\u0131 olan 444,6\u00b0C\u2018da kaynayan suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmeyip karbon s\u00fclf\u00fcrde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen bir kat\u0131d\u0131r. A metal (metalik olmayan) s\u0131v\u0131 k\u00fck\u00fcrd\u00fcn yava\u015f\u00e7a so\u011futulmas\u0131yla elde edilen ve uzun i\u011fne benzeri kristaller olu\u015fturan monoklinal yap\u0131daki k\u00fck\u00fcrt ise; 96\u00b0C-116\u00b0C aras\u0131nda kararl\u0131 olmakla birlikte oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yava\u015f\u00e7a rombik yap\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. \u2014> Polimorf metaller.
\n K\u00dcK\u00dcRT \u00c7\u0130\u00c7E\u011e\u0130, K\u00fck\u00fcrt buhar\u0131 yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman te\u015fekk\u00fcl eden a\u00e7\u0131k ksar\u0131 renkli toz k\u00fck\u00fcrt. \u2014> Kalkaroni usul\u00fc.
\n K\u00dcK\u00dcRT D\u0130OKS\u0130T, Kimyasal form\u00fcl\u00fc SO2 olup, 1 m3\u2019\u00fc 2.8446 kg. havadan 2.2 defa daha a\u011f\u0131r, yang\u0131n ve infilak dumanlar\u0131nda bulunan havada % 0,003 dahi bulunmas\u0131 solunum i\u00e7in zararl\u0131 olan ve % 0,1 oran\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc etki yapan zehirli gaz.
\n K\u00dcK\u00dcRTL\u00dc H\u0130DROJEN, Kimyasal form\u00fcl\u00fc H2S olup, 1 m3\u2019\u00fc 1,6 kg havadan a\u011f\u0131r CO\u2019dan daha zehirli, kimyasal olarak etki yapan, havada % 0,07 oran\u0131ndaki miktar\u0131 insana rahats\u0131zl\u0131k veren, % 0,1\u2019i de insan\u0131n kendini kaybetmesine ve \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne neden olan zehirli gaz. Maden ocaklar\u0131nda bu gaz kire\u00e7 kullan\u0131larak etkisiz hale getirilir.
\n K\u00dcL, Yak\u0131t\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulunan ve yanma olay\u0131 sonucunda yak\u0131ttan geri kalan, yanmayan ve a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k y\u00fczdesi olarak ifade edilen art\u0131k. Yak\u0131t\u0131n b\u00fcnyesine te\u015fekk\u00fcl s\u0131ras\u0131nda giren anorganik (CaSO4, FeSO4, SiO2, N2 gibi) maddelere sabit k\u00fcl, \u00fcretim esnas\u0131nda k\u00f6m\u00fcre kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015folan kil, kum vb. maddelere de serbest k\u00fcl denir.
\n K\u00dcL MON\u0130T\u00d6R\u00dc, \u0130ngiltere atom enerjisi kurumu ve Milli K\u00f6m\u00fcr Kurumu maden ara\u015ft\u0131rma b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan, \u00f6ncelikle k\u00f6m\u00fcr i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirilmi\u015folan ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn k\u00fcl miktar\u0131n\u0131 devaml\u0131 olarak \u00f6l\u00e7en cihaz. Cihaz\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibi; pluton 238 izotopu taraf\u0131ndan radyasyona tabi tutulan k\u00f6m\u00fcr n\u00fcmunesinden geriye yay\u0131lan X- \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n devaml\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi sonucu k\u00fcl miktar\u0131n\u0131n tesbit edilmesidir. Bu tesbite yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan fakt\u00f6r, k\u00f6m\u00fcr k\u00fcl\u00fcnde bulunan atom numaras\u0131 y\u00fcksek olan elementlerdir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc radyasyon emilmesi olay\u0131, kimyasal elementlerin atom numaralar\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131yla do\u011fru orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Yanma olay\u0131ndan sonra k\u00fclde bulunan Si 14, aluminyum 13, k\u00fck\u00fcrt 16 ve demir 26 atom numaralar\u0131n\u0131 haiz olan elementler, k\u00fcl\u00fcn i\u00e7inde bulunmayan ; hidrojen 1, karbon 6, oksijen 8 ve nitrojen 7 atom numaral\u0131 elementlere nazaran daha y\u00fcksek absorpsyon katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 haiz olduklar\u0131ndan k\u00fcl\u00fc te\u015fkil eden bu elementler daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck X \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tmaktad\u0131rlar. Almanya Ruhrkohle \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan ise amerikum 241 izotopu kullanan alternatif bir cihaz geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.
\n K\u00fcl monit\u00f6r\u00fc genellikle; sabit k\u00fcl miktar\u0131 istenen k\u00f6m\u00fcr harmanlama tesislerinde (termik santrallerde), k\u00fcl a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kalite kontrol\u00fcnde ve tesis \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 kontrol i\u00e7in gerekli y\u00f6netim bilgilerinin elde edilmesinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n K\u00fcl monit\u00f6r\u00fc sistem bak\u0131m\u0131ndan de\u011fi\u015fik bir \u015fekilde jiglerde ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr silolar\u0131n\u0131n dolma durumunu kontrol etmekte ramble ile k\u00f6m\u00fcr \u00fcretilen ayaklarda ramble malzemesinin \u00fcretilen k\u00f6m\u00fcre kar\u0131\u015f\u0131p kar\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek; gibi yerlerde de kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 bulmu\u015ftur.
\n K\u00dcLB\u00dcT\u00d6R, 1) Ocak arabalar\u0131n\u0131 bir manivela kolu ile tumba etmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ftertibat. (K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tumba) \u2014> Tumba. 2) \u0130\u00e7ine giren vagonlar\u0131 ba\u015fa\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evirerek bo\u015faltmakta kullan\u0131lan d\u00fczen. 3) Supaplar silindir kafas\u0131n\u0131n tepesindeyken, bunlar\u0131n hareket kumandas\u0131n\u0131 oradan g\u00f6ndermeye olanak veren par\u00e7a (mil).
\n K\u00dcL\u00c7E , 1) Eritilerek kal\u0131ba d\u00f6k\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fmetal veya ala\u015f\u0131m k\u00fctlesi ; k\u00fcl\u00e7e alt\u0131n, k\u00fcl\u00e7e g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fgibi. 2) Bir i\u015fleme u\u011frat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015fb\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7e metal par\u00e7as\u0131 .
\n K\u00dcL\u00dcNK, Genellikle mermer madencili\u011finde kullan\u0131lan iki ucu sivri ve sap\u0131 k\u0131z\u0131lc\u0131k dal\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fbalyoz.
\n K\u00dcL\u00dcNK\u00c7\u00dc, K\u00fcl\u00fcnkle mermer bloklar\u0131n y\u00fczeylerini d\u00fczelten kalifiye i\u015f\u00e7i.
\n K\u00dcP TAHK\u0130MATLI AYAK \u0130\u015eLETME METODU, Hemen tahkimata ihtiya\u00e7 g\u00f6steren \u00e7ok \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fck maden yataklar\u0131nda ba\u015fyukar\u0131, ba\u015fa\u015fa\u011f\u0131 veya V \u015fekli ile ufki dilimli ve rambleli olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekillerde, maden yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u015fekline g\u00f6re geli\u015ftirilebilen, maden i\u00e7in muvakkat bir mesnet te\u015fkil etmek ve i\u015f\u00e7ilerin i\u015fyerine girebilmelerine imkan vermek \u00fczere k\u00fcbik kasalar\u0131n a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00f6zel bir \u015fekilde centili olarak haz\u0131rlan\u0131p oca\u011fa getirilen a\u011fa\u00e7 tahkimatl\u0131 (\u00fcretim) i\u015fletme metodu. Bu us\u00fcl di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok i\u015fletme metodlar\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131lan topuklar\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131nda da kullan\u0131l\u0131r. E\u011fer madenin taban ve tavan\u0131 (yan ta\u015flar\u0131) da \u00e7ok yumu\u015faksa k\u00fcbik kasalar kafi gelmeyece\u011finden kaz\u0131dan sonra bo\u015falan hacim ve kasalar\u0131 ba\u011flanan (tahkimat\u0131 yap\u0131lan) yerler derhal ramb-le edilir.
\n K\u00dcRE, Maden oca\u011f\u0131 (Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemi deyimi.)
\n K\u00dcREC\u0130L\u0130K, Madencilik. (Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemi deyimi.)
\n K\u00dcRESEL DOKU, \u2014> Sferolit doku.
\n K\u00dcREV\u0130 TESV\u0130YE RUHU, \u00dcst\u00fc k\u00fcre \u015feklinde bir cam ile \u00f6rt\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fkutudan ibaret, i\u00e7inde eter ve hava kabarc\u0131\u011f\u0131, cam kubbenin ortas\u0131nda, yatay durumu g\u00f6stermesi halinde hava kabarc\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yerle\u015fti\u011fi \u00e7izilmi\u015fk\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir daire bulunan tesviye aleti. K\u00fcrevi tesviye ruhlar\u0131 genel olarak topo\u011frafik \u00f6l\u00e7me yapmaya yarayan aletlerin kaba tesviyesinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n K\u00dcREV\u0130YAT HATASI, Topografik \u00f6l\u00e7meler-de, d\u00fcnya y\u00fczeyinin tam bir d\u00fczlem olmamas\u0131 yan\u0131nda, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u015feklinin de tam bir k\u00fcre olmal\u0131p, beyzi bir \u015fekilde yani kutuplarda bas\u0131k, ekvatorda \u015fi\u015fkin olmas\u0131 nedeniyle meydana gelen hata. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131 6.337.397 m., k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131 6.356.079 m\u2019dir. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n ortalama yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131 6.356.268 m\u2019dir. Topografik \u00f6l\u00e7melerde k\u00fcreviyat hatas\u0131 cetvel \u015feklinde haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ftablolara g\u00f6re yap\u0131l\u0131r.
\n K\u00dcREY\u0130C\u0130, Maden veya postay\u0131, sabit bir makara \u00fczerinden d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fyapan sonsuz halat yard\u0131m\u0131yla geriye do\u011fru k\u00fcreyen mekanik d\u00fczen.
\n K\u00dcSK\u00dc, 1) Bir ucu sivri di\u011fer ucu tornavida a\u011fz\u0131 \u015feklinde yass\u0131t\u0131l\u0131p \u00f6zel \u015fekilde b\u00fck\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fve baz\u0131 tiplerinde bu uca \u00e7ivi vb. \u015feyler s\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fcnde yararlanmak \u00fczere V \u015feklinde yiv a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015fvurma veya kan\u0131rma suretiyle koparma veya kavlak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmeye yarayan ara\u00e7. 2) Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde kullan\u0131lan sivri veya yass\u0131 u\u00e7lu 0,5-1m boyunda \u00e7elik, delme veya yarma aleti.
\n K\u00dcTLECE DOLDURMA ORANI, S\u0131v\u0131la\u015f-t\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fpetrol gaz\u0131 depolama kurallar\u0131yla ilgili bir kavram olup; LPG\u2019nin 15,6\u00b0C daki nisbi yo\u011funlu\u011funa ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, depolama kab\u0131na konulmas\u0131na m\u00fcsaade edilen LPG k\u00fctlesinin depolama kab\u0131n\u0131n alabilece\u011fi 15,6\u00b0C daki suyun k\u00fctlesine oran\u0131d\u0131r. (TS 144-6.5.1998) \u2014> Hacimce doldurma oran\u0131.
\n K\u00dcT\u00dcK, Mayi metalin, kare, dikd\u00f6rtgen veya \u00e7okgen kesitli kal\u0131plara d\u00f6k\u00fclerek so\u011futulmas\u0131 sonucu elde edilen ve d\u00f6vme (forging), hadde (rolling) ve\/veya \u00e7ekme (extrusion) preslerinde kullan\u0131lan metal k\u00fcl\u00e7e.
\n K\u00dcVEK, \u2014> Pomza ta\u015f\u0131.
\n KVEBRA\u00c7O, Sondaj \u00e7amurunun \u00f6zelliklerini iyile\u015ftirmek 150 \u00bdC s\u0131cakl\u0131klara kadar \u00e7amurun bozulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan, tanin ihtiva eden sondaj \u00e7amuru katk\u0131 maddesi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

K KABAK D\u0130REK, Tavan ve taban aras\u0131na vurulan tek direk. Vuruldu\u011fu yerin sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re ba\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131na takoz, dip k\u0131sm\u0131na da yast\u0131k konabilir. KABA KIRMA. KABA YONU, Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde, ta\u015fy\u00fczlerinin imal\u00e2t y\u00fczeyine paralel y\u00fczeyde tamamen ve ta\u015fyanlar\u0131n\u0131n 3-5 cm derinlikte \u00e7eki\u00e7, mur\u00e7 ve keski ile i\u015flenmesi. KABARCIKLI D\u00dcZE\u00c7 KABARMA, 1) Su veya bas\u0131nc\u0131n etkisiyle kaya\u00e7lar\u0131n olduklar\u0131 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[5520,5526,5521,3105,5525,5517,5522,5518,5523,5449,5519,5524,3040,5516,5124,2201],"class_list":["post-2210","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-aragonit","tag-bakir-lici","tag-boarts","tag-heyelan","tag-jenerator-gazi","tag-jeolojik-periyod","tag-karbonado","tag-kesif","tag-kilavuz-fosil","tag-korund","tag-kriptokristalli","tag-kuvvet-gazi","tag-metal","tag-murc","tag-petrokimya","tag-petrol"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2210","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2210"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2210\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2210"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2210"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2210"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}