O<\/p>\n
OBRUK, 1) Kire\u00e7 ta\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7inde, bacaya benzeyen 30m ya da daha \u00e7ok derinlikte, genel olarak alt\u0131nda bir yeralt\u0131 ma\u011faras\u0131 (ini) bulunan tabii kuyu. 2) \u0130\u00e7inde su biriken \u00e7ukur yer, do\u011fal kuyu. 3) \u0130\u00e7b\u00fckey, konkav.
\n OCAK, 1) A\u00e7\u0131k (yer\u00fcst\u00fc) maden i\u015fletmesi yap\u0131lan yer. 2) Dik kuyu ve di\u011fer giri\u015fler, meyilli kuyular, d\u00fcz ve meyilli galeriler ile birlikte, yeralt\u0131 hafriyat ve imal\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan; madencilik faaliyetini yapmak i\u00e7in belli bir projeye g\u00f6re haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f i\u015f yeri. Ayn\u0131 i\u015fverene ait olmak \u015fart\u0131 ile ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 havaland\u0131rma tesisi bulunan birbirine yak\u0131n iki veya daha fazla ocak da bir ocak say\u0131l\u0131r. 3) Yak\u0131tta bulunan enerjiyi \u0131s\u0131 enerjisine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmeye yarayan (yanma yeri) sistem. 4) \u2014> Maden. \u2014> \u015eekil. 5) Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde her cins ta\u015f\u0131n tabi\u00ee olarak, bulundu\u011fu yerden istenilen \u00f6zellikte \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in zemine, \u00fcst\u00fc havaya a\u00e7\u0131k veya kapal\u0131 \u00f6zel \u015fekil verilmesi.
\n OCAK A\u011eZI, 1) Yeralt\u0131 i\u015fletmesine, yer y\u00fcz\u00fcnden galeri veya kuyu \u015feklindeki giri\u015f yeri. 2) Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde ocak a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131rken yabanc\u0131 veya \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fck zeminden ge\u00e7ilip istenilen kaliteye var\u0131ncaya kadar zemine \u015fekil verilmesi.
\n OCAK A\u011eZI MALZEME, Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde ocak a\u011fz\u0131 kaz\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00f6zellikteki malzeme.
\n OCAK AM\u0130R\u0130, Bir veya birka\u00e7 oca\u011f\u0131n i\u015fletmesinden ve teknik y\u00f6netiminden sorumlu maden m\u00fchendisi.
\n OCAK ARABASI, 1) Maden i\u015fletmelerinde maden ve malzeme naklinde kullan\u0131lan, demiryolu \u00fczerinde hareket eden, yandan veya \u00f6nden tumba etmek \u00fczere yan veya \u00f6n kapakl\u0131 olarak da imal edilebilen \u00f6zel ara\u00e7. Ta\u015f\u0131nacak maddenin yo\u011funlu\u011funa, kullan\u0131\u015f \u015fekline ve amac\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fik hacimlerde imal edilir. K\u00f6m\u00fcr arabas\u0131 (k\u00f6m\u00fcr vagonu), direk trikosu, be\u015fik araba, kuyruklu araba gibi isimler verilir. K\u00f6m\u00fcr madencili\u011finde genellikle tonluk, \u00fc\u00e7 tonluk ve be\u015f tonluk ocak arabas\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r. 2) Vagonet (k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck vagon). 3) Araba.
\n OCAK ARTI\u011eI, Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde muayyen bir maksada hizmet edecek \u00f6zellikte a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ocaklarda o maksada yaramayan ta\u015flar.
\n OCAK \u00c7IKI\u015e HAVASI, Havaland\u0131rma amac\u0131 ile ocak i\u00e7inde da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, ocaktan \u00e7\u0131kan kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hava.
\n OCAK D\u0130B\u0130, Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde esas ta\u015f\u0131n, istenilen kalitesinin sona erip, ba\u015fka bir zemine eri\u015fti\u011fi y\u00fcz.
\n OCAK EMN\u0130YET LAMBASI, \u2014> Ocak havas\u0131ndaki metan varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 zamanda oksijen yetersizli\u011fini saptamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan, hava giri\u015f aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 tel kafesli, ayr\u0131ca gaz \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131 da yanmadan dolay\u0131 meydana gelen s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tmak ve i\u00e7erdeki alevin d\u0131\u015far\u0131 sirayetini \u00f6nlemek \u00fczere i\u00e7teki bak\u0131r ve d\u0131\u015ftaki \u00e7elik olmak \u00fczere iki tel kafesli ve ayr\u0131ca muhafazal\u0131, hazne ile \u00fcstyap\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011flanmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda otomatik olarak kilitlenen lamba. K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 fanuslu ak\u00fcl\u00fc lamba da i\u015faret i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n OCAK GAZLARI \u0130LE M\u00dcCADELE, \u2014> Maden ve ta\u015f ocaklar\u0131 ile a\u00e7\u0131k i\u015fletmelerde al\u0131nacak i\u015f\u00e7i sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fi tedbirleri hakk\u0131nda t\u00fcz\u00fck.
\n OCAK G\u0130R\u0130\u015e HAVASI, Havaland\u0131rma amac\u0131 ile oca\u011fa verilen temiz hava.
\n OCAK HAVASI, Ocakta dola\u015farak havaland\u0131rmay\u0131 sa\u011flayan hava.
\n OCAK \u0130KL\u0130M\u0130, Ocak havas\u0131n\u0131n kuru temperat\u00fcr\u00fc, relatif rutubeti, s\u00fcrati, endirekt bas\u0131nc\u0131, arazi s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (jeotermik derinlik \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 her \uf07e 30 m\u2019de 1\u00bdC), derinlikle ili\u015fkili kompresyon \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 (her 100 m\u2019de 0,9\u00bdC), odaksiyon \u0131s\u0131s\u0131, \u00fcretilen madenin \u0131s\u0131 kayb\u0131, ta\u015f\u0131ma arac\u0131 ve ta\u015f\u0131ma s\u00fcratine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan makinelerden \u00e7\u0131kan \u0131s\u0131, bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava borular\u0131, ate\u015flemeler ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan insanlar\u0131n ocak havas\u0131na verdi\u011fi \u0131s\u0131 gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli fakt\u00f6rlerin etkisi ile olu\u015fan ortam. \u0130yi bir ocak iklimi, madencinin yeralt\u0131nda kendini rahat hissederek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilece\u011fi ortam olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. \u0130klimi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya m\u00fcsait olmayan ocaklarda oca\u011fa verilen havan\u0131n tamam\u0131 so\u011futularak verildi\u011fi gibi, yeralt\u0131nda so\u011futma tesisi kurularak pano, la\u011f\u0131m vb. yerlere verilen hava da \u00f6zel olarak so\u011futulabilir.
\n OCAK KAT\u0130B\u0130, 1) \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin i\u015fe gelip gittikleri tesbit ederek yevmiyelerini puantaj defterine kaydeden ki\u015fi. 2) Puant\u00f6r.
\n OCAK LAMBASI, 1) Madenlerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara verilen elde ta\u015f\u0131nabilen veya barete tak\u0131labilen lamba. 2) Madenci lambas\u0131. 3) Ba\u015f lambas\u0131.
\n OCAK LOKOMOT\u0130F\u0130, Ocaklarda ray \u00fczerinde nakliyat\u0131 sa\u011flamak \u00fczere vagonlarla te\u015fkil edilen katarlar\u0131 veya ocak arabalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan \u00e7ekme arac\u0131. Ocak lokomotifleri kulland\u0131klar\u0131 enerji kayna\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re dizelli, ak\u00fcl\u00fc, elektrikli (troley) ve bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 haval\u0131 olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131labilir.
\n OCAK PLANLARI, Bir harita m\u00fchendisi veya topograf taraf\u0131ndan, mevzuata uygun olarak hassas bir \u015fekilde haz\u0131rlanan, ocak i\u00e7indeki imalat\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren ve geli\u015fmeler i\u015flenmek suretiyle \u2014> Ajur edilen plan ve kesitler.
\n OCAK SUYU, Mermer i\u015fletmecili\u011finde ta\u015f\u0131n, ocaktan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anda sahip oldu\u011fu nem.
\n OCAK TA\u015eLARI, \u2014> Posta.
\n ODA, Genellikle taban alan\u0131 dikd\u00f6rtgen \u015feklinde, muntazam bir bi\u00e7imi olan \u00fcretim yeri. Bir odan\u0131n boyutlar\u0131 her zaman galeri, taban ve k\u0131lavuz boyutlar\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Odalar\u0131n boyutlar\u0131 \u00fcretimden \u00f6nce tavan, taban, yanta\u015f ve cevherin yap\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re saptan\u0131r. Odalar aras\u0131nda topuklar b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r. Az meyilli (yat\u0131ml\u0131) ve fazla kal\u0131n olmayan maden yataklar\u0131nda odan\u0131n tavan ve taban\u0131n\u0131, madeni s\u0131n\u0131rlayan kaya\u00e7lar te\u015fkil eder. Dik ve kal\u0131n damarlarda odan\u0131n etraf\u0131 maden ile \u00e7evrilidir. \u00dcretim sonucu damar i\u00e7inde meydana getirilen bo\u015f hacme az meyilli damarlarda oda, dik damarlarda ise bo\u015fluk denir. Az yat\u0131ml\u0131 cevher yataklar\u0131nda kaz\u0131 i\u015flemi odan\u0131n i\u00e7inde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde emniyet bak\u0131m\u0131ndan dik damarlarda kaz\u0131, bo\u015flu\u011fun i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmay\u0131p yan k\u0131sm\u0131nda bo\u015flu\u011fa do\u011fru s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olan k\u0131lavuzlar\u0131n tavan, taban ve yanlar\u0131na delinmi\u015f olan la\u011f\u0131m deliklerinin doldurulup ate\u015flenmesi suretiyle yer \u00e7ekiminden yararlan\u0131larak, cevherin oda i\u00e7inde olu\u011fa kadar ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. Yani damar i\u00e7inde a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan bo\u015flu\u011fun i\u00e7inde i\u015f\u00e7i \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaz.
\n ODA TARZINDA \u0130\u015eLETME, \u0130stihsalin odalar te\u015fkil edilerek belli bir nizam i\u00e7erisinde, ayn\u0131 zamanda veya arka arkaya ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi. Oda tarz\u0131ndaki i\u015fletme metodunda kaz\u0131 yeri hareketli de\u011fildir.
\n ODA VE TOPUK A\u00c7IKAYAK \u0130\u015eLETME METODU, B\u00fcnyesi m\u00fctecanis ve ten\u00f6r\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ufki veya \u00e7ok az yat\u0131ml\u0131 masif maden yataklar\u0131nda topuk b\u0131rakman\u0131n, sun\u2019i tahkimata nazaran daha ucuz oldu\u011fu veya tavan\u0131n g\u00f6\u00e7erek bozulmas\u0131 istenmeyen hallerde madenin \u00fczerini \u00f6rten tabakan\u0131n kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kendini ta\u015f\u0131ma kabiliyeti, g\u00f6\u00e7meden durabilece\u011fi azami a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k, taban ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131ma mukavemeti ve evsaf\u0131 ile madenin mukavemeti dikkate al\u0131narak tesbit edilen oda ve topuk geni\u015fli\u011fine g\u00f6re \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma esas\u0131na dayanan tahkimats\u0131z (\u00fcretim) i\u015fletme metodu. Bu us\u00fclde b\u0131rak\u0131lacak topuklar m\u00fcstakil s\u00fctunlar halinde b\u0131rak\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 gibi devaml\u0131 da olabilir. Bu takdirde maden muntazam odalar a\u00e7\u0131larak al\u0131n\u0131r.
\n OF\u0130T\u0130K TEKST\u00dcR, 1) G\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclecek derecede b\u00fcy\u00fck ve uzunca kristaller (feldispat) ihtiva eden mikrolitik yap\u0131. 2) Ofitik doku.
\n OF\u0130YOL\u0130T, Jeosenklinal sedimanlar\u0131n e\u015flik etti\u011fi bazik intruzif kaya\u00e7. Genellikle ofiyolit altere olarak serpantine; klorit, epidot ve albit\u00e7e zengin kayaca d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.
\n OK, Tavan kuvvetlerine kar\u015f\u0131 koymak amac\u0131yla ayaklarda kullan\u0131lan bir t\u00fcr sarma.
\n OKS\u0130DASYON ZONU, Yeralt\u0131 su seviyesinin \u00fcst\u00fcnde bulunan kaya\u00e7lar\u0131n veya madenlerin, yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131n\u0131n etkisi alt\u0131nda oksitlenerek de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131 (b\u00f6lge) zon.
\n OKS\u0130JEN (O), Havan\u0131n hacim bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yakla\u015f\u0131k % 21\u2019ini olu\u015fturan, solunum i\u00e7in zorunlu olan renksiz, tats\u0131z, kokusuz gaz madde. Atom numaras\u0131 8, atom k\u00fctlesi 16 olan, havaya g\u00f6re a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 1,1 (O\u00b0C ve 760 mm civa bas\u0131nc\u0131 alt\u0131nda), yo\u011funlu\u011fu 1,429 kg\/m3 olan kimyasal element.
\n Oksijen, fluor hari\u00e7 olmak \u00fczere do\u011fada hemen her madde ile birle\u015ferek oksidasyon denilen kimyasal bir birle\u015fme \u00f6zelli\u011fi g\u00f6sterir. Bu birle\u015fme yava\u015f y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc takdirde oksidasyon (spontane yanma \u2014> K\u0131z\u0131\u015fma) ad\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r. Ancak bu birle\u015fme nisbeten h\u0131zl\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcr ve \u0131s\u0131-\u0131\u015f\u0131k verirse yanma (\u2014> Yanma olay\u0131), \u015fiddetli bir \u0131s\u0131 ve \u0131\u015f\u0131k yay\u0131m\u0131 verecek kadar da \u00e2ni olursa patlama olay\u0131n\u0131 yarat\u0131r.
\n Maden ocaklar\u0131nda; insan ve hayvanlar\u0131n teneff\u00fcs\u00fc, alevli (benzinli) emniyet asetilen vb. l\u00e2mbalar\u0131n yanmas\u0131nda, maden direklerinin \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmesinde, k\u00f6m\u00fcrlerin ve piritin yava\u015f oksidasyonu ile \u00f6nemli miktarda oksijen t\u00fcketilir. \u0130nsan\u0131n verdi\u011fi nefeste yakla\u015f\u0131k % 79 azot, % 17 oksijen ve % 4 karbondioksit bulunur. Y\u00fczde 17 oksijen bulunan havada l\u00e2mba s\u00f6ner, oksijen oran\u0131 % 15\u2019e inerse insanda nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olur. Nefeslikten d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya at\u0131lan havada oksijen oran\u0131n\u0131n % 20-21 aras\u0131nda olmas\u0131 istenir. Bu oran\u0131n % 19-20 ye d\u00fc\u015fmesi oca\u011f\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fc bir \u015fekilde havaland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.
\n OKS\u0130JEN C\u0130HAZI, 1) Oksijen vererek tedavi etme ve bo\u011fulanlar\u0131 canland\u0131rma i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan cihaz. 2) Pulmotor \u2014> Teneff\u00fcs cihaz\u0131.
\n OKS\u0130JEN \u00dcRETEN FERD\u0130 MASKE, Nefes almak i\u00e7in i\u00e7inde bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 oksijen bulunan ve nefesi kimyasal olarak oksijen bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zenginle\u015ftirmek suretiyle temizleyen ve b\u00f6ylece d\u0131\u015fardan hava al\u0131nmaks\u0131z\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131 bir s\u00fcre s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye yarayan cihaz.
\n OKS\u0130TLEY\u0130C\u0130 ALEV, Bir mineralin tan\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in mum ve \u00fcfle\u00e7 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla kuru us\u00fclle yap\u0131lan testte; \u00fcflecin ucu mum alevinin i\u00e7ine sokulmas\u0131 ve b\u00f6ylece mavi bir alev has\u0131l edilmesi.
\n OKS\u0130TLEY\u0130C\u0130 KAVURMA, Genellikle s\u00fclf\u00fcrl\u00fc cevherden k\u00fck\u00fcrd\u00fc uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in hava ile temas halinde yap\u0131lan kavurma i\u015flemi.
\n OL\u0130V\u0130N , Minarolojik form\u00fcl\u00fc (Mg, Fe)2 Si O4 olan, zeytin ye\u015fili renkte do\u011fal ma\u011fnezyum ve demir silikat. Ma\u011fnezyumlu minerali forsterit (Mg2 SiO4) olup ; %85 \u2018den az forsterit ve %14\u2019den fazla fayalit (Fe2 SiO4) i\u00e7eren olivinlerin fazla bir de\u011feri yoktur. Olivin \u00e7o\u011funlukla demir-\u00e7elik sanayiinde eritken ve c\u00fcruf d\u00fczenleyici hammade olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Az silisli demir cevherlerinin izabesinde \u2014> Dolomit yerine olivin tercih edilir. Bunun yan\u0131nda, silikoz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, d\u00f6k\u00fcm kumu olarak; refrakter forsterit tu\u011fla \u00fcretiminde, deniz petrol platformlar\u0131nda balast (\u00d6zg. a\u011f. = 3.2 gr\/cm3) malzemesi olarak, abrazif olarak, demir tozlar\u0131 ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak sinter tesislerinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n OLTU TA\u015eI, T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede oltuta\u015f\u0131 olarak bilinen siyah (kara) kehribar. Minerolojide gagat, jayet ve jet olarak ge\u00e7er. Ayr\u0131ca metamorfizmaya u\u011fram\u0131\u015f linyit, bit\u00fcmce zengin kompakt mineraller, nebat ziftinin karbonla\u015fmas\u0131 sonucu olu\u015fan mineraller de oltu ta\u015f\u0131 olarak bilinir. Oltu civar\u0131ndaki Dutlu Da\u011f\u2019 da, neojen formasyonlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde, yataklar\u0131 bulunur. \u2014> Karakehribar.
\n OLUK, Maden, ta\u015f ve gere\u011finde malzemeyi, yer\u00e7ekiminden yararlan\u0131larak, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczeylere ta\u015f\u0131mak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan, kesiti genellikle yar\u0131m daire veya yamuk \u015feklinde olan k\u0131vr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sac.
\n OLUK DE\u011e\u0130\u015eT\u0130RME, Ayaklarda sabit oluk veya zincirli konvey\u00f6rlerin s\u00f6k\u00fclerek al\u0131ndaki haveye al\u0131nmas\u0131.
\n OLUKLU YIKAYICI, Zenginle\u015ftirilecek malzemenin suyla kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve oluklardan ak\u0131t\u0131larak yo\u011funlu\u011fu fazla olanlar\u0131n oluk taban\u0131nda konsantre olup hafif malzemenin daha ileri ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 prensibine dayal\u0131 zenginle\u015ftirme cihaz\u0131.
\n ON\u0130KS, Genellikle siyah-beyaz veya kahverengi-beyaz renkli d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u015feritli bir \u2014> Akik. \u2014> Kalsit.
\n ON\u0130KS MERMER\u0130, 1) Madensel tuzlar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan muhtevas\u0131 fazla, s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ma\u011fmatik sular\u0131n \u00e7ok yava\u015f bir \u015fekilde meydana getirdikleri \u00e7\u00f6kellerden olu\u015fan kristalize, yo\u011fun ve olduk\u00e7a saydam ta\u015f. 2) Su mermeri. 3) Albatr. \u2014> Mermer cinsleri.
\n OOL\u0130TL\u0130 KALKER, Bal\u0131k yumurtas\u0131na benzeyen ufak kalker k\u00fcreciklerinin kalkerli bir \u00e7imento ile birle\u015fmesinden has\u0131l olan tortul kaya\u00e7. \u00c7aplar\u0131 bir milimetreyi ge\u00e7meyen bu k\u00fcrecikler ayn\u0131 merkezli k\u00fcreciklerden meydana gelmi\u015f olup, merkezlerinde bir kuars kumu veya bir mikroorganizma par\u00e7as\u0131 bulunur. Yani bunlar kum veya ufak bir kavk\u0131y\u0131 kaplayan kalker konkresyonlar\u0131d\u0131r.
\n OPAK M\u0130NERAL, 1)\u0130nce kesitte bile saydam duruma gelmeyen miner\u00e2l. 2) \u015eeffaf olmayan mineral. B\u00f6yle mineraller bir y\u00fczeyi parlak bir duruma getirilerek yukar\u0131dan inen \u0131\u015f\u0131k alt\u0131nda incelenir. B\u00f6yle \u0131\u015f\u0131k belli mikroskoplara yerle\u015ftirilen opakil\u00fcminat\u00f6r ile elde edilir.
\n OPAK M\u0130NERALLER, (\u015eEFFAF OLMAYAN M\u0130NERALLER), I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 absorpsiyon \u00f6zelli\u011fi kuvvetli olan, saydam olmayan mineraller.
\n OPAL, \u2014> Kuars (SiO2).
\n OPAL CAM, So\u011futulma s\u0131ras\u0131nda cam\u0131n i\u00e7inde \u00e7ok say\u0131da mikroskopik bill\u00fbr taneciklerinin (kalay oksit, kalsiyum fosfat ve \u00f6zellikle sodyum ve kalsiyum flor\u00fcrler) \u00e7\u00f6kelmesiyle opal ta\u015f\u0131na benzer bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm kazanan yar\u0131 saydam cam.
\n OPERAT\u00d6R, Madencilikte genel olarak bir maden veya i\u015f makinas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmakla g\u00f6revli usta i\u015f\u00e7i.
\n OPT\u0130K \u00d6ZELL\u0130K, \u2014> Minerallerin optik \u00f6zelli\u011fi.
\n OPT\u0130K P\u0130ROMETRE, Bir f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inin s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7meye yarayan elektrik ceryan\u0131 ile \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lan ve s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 belli bir flaman\u0131n rengi ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma esas\u0131na dayanan (optik) s\u0131cakl\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7me cihaz\u0131.
\n ORGAN\u0130K \u00c7\u00d6KELLER, Organik maddelerin birikmesinden meydana gelen tortul kaya\u00e7.
\n OR\u0130F\u0130S EK\u0130VALAN, Muadil ocak a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131.
\n ORMAN \u0130RT\u0130FAK HAKKI, Maden i\u015fletme faaliyetlerinde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunlu orman arazileri i\u00e7in verilen ge\u00e7ici intifa (yararlanma) hakk\u0131. Bu hak Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan verilir.
\n Mevkii ve hudutlar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilen orman arazisi toplam 2 adet h (m2) alan \u00fczerinden maden sahibi ad\u0131na intifa hakk\u0131 tesis edilir. S\u00f6zkonusu Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tip taah\u00fctname senedi doldurulup, noterlik\u00e7e tasdik ettirilerek bakanl\u0131\u011fa teslim edilir. \u0130ntifa hakk\u0131nda konu olan Devlet orman sahas\u0131, mahalli maliye ve orman idaresi yetkililerince birlikte, orman irtifak hakk\u0131 lehdar\u0131na veya kanuni temsilcisine bir tutanakla teslim edilir. Teslim edilen saha \u00fczerinde kesilecek a\u011fa\u00e7lar orman idaresince usul\u00fcne g\u00f6re kesilir. \u0130ntifa hakk\u0131 sahibi, ad\u0131na tahsis edilen orman sahas\u0131 i\u00e7in her y\u0131l pe\u015fin olmas\u0131 kayd\u0131yla, y\u0131ll\u0131k tahsis bedeli \u00f6der.
\n ORP\u0130MENT, \u2014> Arsenik.
\n ORSAT APAREY\u0130, \u0130lk defa 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda bulunmu\u015f olan ve ocak havas\u0131ndan al\u0131nan numunelerdeki CO2, O2, CO, CH4, H2 ve N2 oranlar\u0131n\u0131 tesbit etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan alet. Bu alet (\u2014> \u015eekil) kolayca ta\u015f\u0131nabilir bir kutu i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirilebilmektedir. Alette etraf\u0131 su ile \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc, A gaz b\u00fcreti alttan lastik bir hortum ile B \u015fi\u015fesine, \u00fcst taraftan da hem gaz toplama aletine hem de reaksiyon kaplar\u0131na ba\u011flant\u0131 yap\u0131labilecek bir muslu\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. B \u015fi\u015fesine, gazlar\u0131 en az eritti\u011fi i\u00e7in, asitli su konur. Reaksiyon \u015fi\u015feleri \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi U \u015feklinde ve \u00e7ifttir. | No.lu t\u00fcpte CO2 yi emen KOH eriyi\u011fi, || Nolu t\u00fcpte O2 yi emen potasyum pirogallat \u201c Pirogallik asidi C5 H3 (OH)11 bir gram\u0131 190 cm3 O2 emer. || nolu t\u00fcpte CO2 yi emen bak\u0131r eriyi\u011fi (Cu CI2+CO+H2O \u2014> Cu CI. CO.H2O) vard\u0131r. Cu CI eriyi\u011finin \u00e7abuk bozulmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in bu t\u00fcbe bak\u0131r teller de konur.
\n Bu apareyle, gaz veya hava numunesinde bulunan metan tesbit edilecekse, |V No.lu platin telli t\u00fcp de bulunur. Platin telli t\u00fcpte meydana getirilen patlamada meydana gelen CO2\u2019nin hacmi CH4’\u00fcn hacmini verir. (CH4+2O2 \u2014> H2O+CO2, H2+ 1\/2 O2 \u2014> H2O) CH4’\u00fcn patlamas\u0131 sonunda azalan hacim ise numunede bulunan H2′ nin hacmidir.
\n ORTA, Yeralt\u0131nda s\u00fcr\u00fclen bir galeri aln\u0131nda \u00f6ncelikle patlat\u0131larak kopar\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekli g\u00f6bek k\u0131sm\u0131.
\n ORTA \u00c7EKME, 1) Al\u0131nda, daha sonra ate\u015flenecek \u00e7evre deliklerine serbest y\u00fczey sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in, belli bir bi\u00e7im verecek \u015fekilde y\u00f6nlendirilmi\u015f deliklerle yap\u0131lan \u00f6n ate\u015fleme. Orta \u00e7ekme sonunda delik sistemine g\u00f6re silindirik, ters koni, ters kare ve ters dikd\u00f6rtgen piramidi \u015fekillerinde bo\u015fluk elde edilir. Orta \u00e7ekme yelpaze \u015feklinde delik delme suretiyle de yap\u0131labilir. 2) \u2014> Gev\u015fetmeli orta. \u2014> \u015eekil.
\n ORTA DEL\u0130\u011e\u0130, Orta a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in delinen la\u011f\u0131m delikleri.
\n ORTA DER\u0130N DEPREMLER, \u2014> Deprem odak derinli\u011fi.
\n ORTA D\u0130REK, Galerilerde tahkimat\u0131 takviye i\u00e7in boyundurukla taban aras\u0131na vurulan \u2014> \u00c7atal (destek) direk.
\n ORTA EMD\u0130RME, \u2014> Su enjeksiyonu.
\n ORTA KARBONLU \u00c7EL\u0130K, \u2014> \u00c7elik.
\n ORTALAMA DAMAR KALINLI\u011eI, \u00dcretim yerlerinin herbirinde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen damar kal\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 toplam\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretim yeri say\u0131s\u0131na b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ile hesaplanan kal\u0131nl\u0131k.
\n \u0130\u015fletilen (dengelenmi\u015f) ortalama damar kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (M) ise;
\n Oca\u011f\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinden (n yer) yap\u0131lan \u00fcretim (f) ve buralardaki damars kal\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 (m) dikkate al\u0131narak hesaplan\u0131r.
\n Bunun hesab\u0131 da;
\n n
\n \uf053 f1 + …. + fn
\n 1
\n M = \u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013
\n n f1 fn
\n \uf053 \u2013\u2013\u2013 + …. + \u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013
\n 1 m1 mn<\/p>\n
\u00dcretim;
\n \u00dcretim \u00dcretim Damar kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131
\n Ayaklar\u0131 Miktar\u0131 (ara kesme ve
\n Adet f yalanc\u0131 tavan hari\u00e7)
\n m
\n 1 1.200 t 1.00
\n 2 2.400 t 1.20
\n 3 4.200 t 1.50<\/p>\n
f\/m
\n 1.200
\n 2.000
\n 2.800
\n 6.000<\/p>\n
f 7800
\n M = \u2013\u2013\u2013 = \u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013 = 1,30 metre
\n f 6000
\n \u2013\u2013\u2013
\n m<\/p>\n
ORTALAMA G\u00dcNL\u00dcK AYAK \u0130LERLE-MES\u0130, Bir ayakta veya panoda yap\u0131lan g\u00fcnl\u00fck ilerleme. Ayl\u0131k ayak veya pano ilerlemesi (a) \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcp ay i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan g\u00fcn (g) say\u0131s\u0131na b\u00f6l\u00fcnerek g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalama ayak ilerlemesi bulunur.
\n ORTALAMA \u0130\u015e\u00c7\u0130 SAYISI, 1) Aylar itibariyle bordroda \u00fccret \u00f6denen i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131lar\u0131 toplam\u0131n\u0131n onikide biri. 2) Y\u0131l boyunca yap\u0131lan fiili yevmiye + y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00fccretli izin ve hafta tatili yevmiyelerinin y\u0131ll\u0131k fiili toplam i\u015fg\u00fcn\u00fcne b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc.
\n ORTOGONAL KOORD\u0130NAT S\u0130STEM\u0130, Arazide \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc yap\u0131lan bir P noktas\u0131n\u0131n, yatay d\u00fczlem \u00fczerindeki izd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn metre olarak y eksenine olan (x\u2019), x eksenine olan (y\u2019) ile x ve y eksenlerinin bulundu\u011fu d\u00fczleme olan uzakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesine yarayan yer belirleme sistemi, P (x\u2019, y\u2019, z\u2019). Bu sistem haritaya ge\u00e7irilebilen \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclere dayan\u0131r.
\n ORTOKUARS\u0130T, \u2014> Kuarsit.
\n OSWALD \u0130\u015eLEM\u0130, \u2014> Amonyak.
\n OTOJEN DE\u011e\u0130RMEN, Cevheri, kendi tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc fark\u0131ndan yararlanarak \u00f6\u011f\u00fctmeye yarayan de\u011firmen. Bu de\u011firmen, serbest d\u00fc\u015fen iri par\u00e7alar\u0131n kinetik enerjisinden istifade etmek i\u00e7in, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131, (7-9 m kadar) ve dar olarak imal edilir; kuru veya ya\u015f \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme yapar.
\n OTOJEN S\u0130KLON (SU S\u0130KLONU) , Boyutlar\u0131 150-600 mikron aras\u0131ndaki k\u00f6m\u00fcrlerin y\u0131kanmas\u0131nda (zenginle\u015ftirilmesinde) kullan\u0131lan, yap\u0131 olarak a\u011f\u0131r ortam (a\u011f\u0131r mayi) siklonlar\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 olup en belirgin \u00f6zelli\u011fi koni a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 60\u00b0 den b\u00fcy\u00fck (bazen 120\u00b0 ye kadar); performans\u0131 di\u011fer ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lara nazaran daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, fakat kendili\u011finden yarat\u0131lan otojen a\u011f\u0131r ortam\u0131n geri kazan\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, yat\u0131r\u0131m ve i\u015fletme maliyetleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan k\u00f6m\u00fcr zenginle\u015ftirme (y\u0131kama) \u00fcnitesi, \u2014> Santrif\u00fcj ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar, A\u011f\u0131r mayi ile ay\u0131rma, K\u00f6m\u00fcr y\u0131kama sistemleri.
\n OTOMASYON, El eme\u011fine gereksinme olmadan i\u015fi teknik ara\u00e7larla yapma. Yani end\u00fcstride, y\u00f6netimde ve bilimsel i\u015flerde insan arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmadan i\u015flerin otomatik olarak yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131.
\n OTOMAT\u0130K N\u0130VO, \u2014> Kompansat\u00f6rl\u00fc nivo.
\n OTOKTON K\u00d6M\u00dcR YATAKLARI, \u2014> Otokton-, Bakiye maden yataklar\u0131.
\n OTOKTON MADEN YATAKLARI, 1) Bitki k\u00fctlelerinin yeti\u015fti\u011fi yerde k\u00f6m\u00fcrle\u015fmesi sonucu meydana gelen k\u00f6m\u00fcr yata\u011f\u0131. 2) Kaya\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmesi (alterasyon) sonucu kayac\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yerde meydana gelen maden yata\u011f\u0131.
\n OTOMAT\u0130K, 1) Elektrik \u015febekesinde olan k\u0131sa devre an\u0131nda herhangi bir m\u00fcdahale olmadan elektrik devresini kesen (sigorta) \u015falter. 2) Kendi kendine i\u015fleyen ayg\u0131t.
\n OTOMETAMORFOZ, \u2014> Metamorfoz.
\n OTURU\u015eMA \u00c7ATLA\u011eI, Tavan ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n oturmas\u0131 ile tavan ta\u015f\u0131nda meydana gelen \u00e7atlaklar. K\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn \u00fcretilmesiyle olu\u015fan ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr aln\u0131na paralel olarak devam eden \u00e7atlaklara ise \u201c Bas\u0131n\u00e7 \u00e7atlaklar\u0131\u201d denir.
\n OVAL DAMARLI HALAT, \u00c7elik halat\u0131 te\u015fkil eden halat damarlar\u0131n\u0131n en kesitleri yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak oval bi\u00e7imini haiz halatlar. Damar say\u0131lar\u0131 en az 6 olur.
\n OVER\u015eOT, 1) Halatl\u0131 karotiyer sisteminde vayrlayn halat\u0131 ucuna ba\u011flan\u0131p kuyuya indirilen karotiyerin i\u00e7 g\u00f6mle\u011fini yakalayan ve yery\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7ekilmesini sa\u011flayan te\u00e7hizat. 2) Kuyuda kopan tiji yakalay\u0131p b\u0131rakmayan tahlisiye tak\u0131m\u0131.
\n OYNAK C\u0130LA, \u2014> Elmas cila.
\n OYTEKT\u0130K (Eutectic) ALA\u015eIM, \u0130ki ve bazan da daha fazla metalin, en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck erime derecelerinde eriyebilen ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131. \u00d6tektik kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m.<\/p>\n
\u00d6<\/p>\n
\u00d6\u011eLEN VARD\u0130YASI, 16.00-24.00 vardiyas\u0131.
\n \u00d6\u011e\u00dcTME, Boyutu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmek istenen par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n; en b\u00fcy\u00fck boyutunun yakla\u015f\u0131k 5 mm\u2019den daha az oldu\u011fu durumlardaki y\u00fczey b\u00fcy\u00fctme i\u015flemi.
\n Her ne kadar, teknik uygulamada her durum i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olan kabullere var\u0131lmam\u0131\u015fsa da ilk yakla\u015f\u0131m olarak, \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131labilir.
\n Kaba \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme 5-0,5 mm aras\u0131
\n \u0130nce \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme 500-50 mikron aras\u0131
\n \u00c7ok ince \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme 50-5 mikron aras\u0131
\n Kolloid \u00d6\u011f\u00fctme <5 mikron\n \u00d6\u011e\u00dcT\u00dcC\u00dc TA\u015eI, \u00d6zg\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 2,6-2,7gr\/cm3 olan ve istenen boyuta k\u0131r\u0131ldaktan sonra yuvarlakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan sert kalsedon par\u00e7alar\u0131. \u00d6\u011f\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131 seramik sanayiinde hammaddeye kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc malzeme olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve flint ta\u015f\u0131 olarak da isimlendirilir.\n Seramik de\u011firmenlerinde vazge\u00e7ilmez bir madde olarak yararlan\u0131lan kalsedonlar\u0131n kimyasal ve fiziksel \u00f6zellikleri \u015f\u00f6yledir:\n Kimyasal \u00d6zellikleri: (% olarak) SiO2 97,64, Al2O3 1,60, FeO3 0,07, MgO 0,07, Na2O 0,04, TiO2 0,03, CaO eser halde, K2O eser halde; K\u0131zd\u0131rma kayb\u0131: % 0,55. Fiziksel \u00f6zellikleri: Do\u011fal rengi, gri ve a\u00e7\u0131k gri; pi\u015fti\u011findeki renk, beyaz ve a\u00e7\u0131k gri; g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f, cams\u0131; \u00f6zg. a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k, 2,6-2,7gr\/cm3; sertlik, 7-7,5. \n \u00d6KS\u00dcZ, \u2014> Makaslarda lokomotif ve vagonlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in g\u00f6be\u011fin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki raya paralel olarak yerle\u015ftirilen \u00f6zel imal edilmi\u015f k\u0131sa ray.
\n \u00d6L\u00c7MEC\u0130, \u2014> Topo\u011fraf.
\n \u00d6L\u00c7ME LATASI, 1) Budaks\u0131z \u00e7am a\u011fac\u0131ndan 5-6 cm \u00e7ap\u0131nda yuvarlak veya kenarlar\u0131 5-6 cm kare \u015feklinde d\u00f6rtk\u00f6\u015fe, 3-5 cm boyunda iki ucu b\u0131\u00e7ak gibi inceltilmi\u015f ve \u00e7elik ba\u015fl\u0131k ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f yer\u00fcst\u00fcnde kullan\u0131lan hassas uzunluk \u00f6l\u00e7me aleti. 2) Mesaha latas\u0131.
\n \u00d6L\u00c7ME Z\u0130NC\u0130R\u0130, 1) Genellikle yeralt\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7melerinde pusula ile birlikte kullan\u0131lan manyetik olmayan bir madenden (pirin\u00e7 ya da fosforlu bronz) yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, birbirine mafsallarla ba\u011fl\u0131 muayyen uzunlukta \u00e7ubuk, tel veya ince madeni halatlardan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, \u00fczerine metre i\u015faretleri bulunan uzunluk \u00f6l\u00e7me aleti. 2) Mesaha zinciri.
\n \u00d6NDEKAPAJ, A\u00e7\u0131k i\u015fletme yap\u0131lacak sahada maden yata\u011f\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in ilk yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131 (ilk \u00e7ukur). \u0130lk \u00e7ukurdan \u00e7\u0131kan malzeme i\u015fletme d\u0131\u015f\u0131na, maden \u00e7\u0131karmaya ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra yap\u0131lan ana ve ara dekapajda elde edilen kaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f malzeme de uygun olan \u015fartlarda madeni al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f k\u0131sma d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr. Madenin t\u00fcm\u00fc \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman a\u00e7\u0131k i\u015fletmenin son durumu bir \u00e7ukur g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcndedir (son \u00e7ukur).
\n \u00d6N EMD\u0130RME, \u2014> Su enjeksiyonu.
\n \u00d6N \u0130\u015eLETME FAAL\u0130YET RAPORU, \u00d6n i\u015fletme ruhsat\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f maden sahas\u0131 i\u00e7in her y\u0131l ilgili daireye verilmek \u00fczere fenni nezaret\u00e7i taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan takdim metni.
\n \u00d6N \u0130\u015eLETME PROJES\u0130, \u00d6n i\u015fletme ruhsat\u0131 alabilmek i\u00e7in aramas\u0131 olumlu sonu\u00e7 vermi\u015f sahada bulunan madenin \u00fczerinde kurulacak tesis i\u00e7in muayyen bir detayda haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f proje.
\n \u00d6N \u0130\u015eLETME RUHSATI, Arama ruhsat\u0131 sahibinin arama ve rezerv saptama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n olumlu bir geli\u015fme g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini, arama ve \u00f6b\u00fcr etkinliklere bir s\u00fcre devam edilmesiyle daha b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015fletme ve tesisi kurma olanaklar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fabilece\u011fini bildirerek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fletilmesi i\u00e7in ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ek izin. Arama ya da \u00f6n i\u015fletme ruhsat s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde i\u015fletmeye elveri\u015fli maden bulunmas\u0131 durumunda ruhsat sahibinin \u2014> \u0130\u015fletme ruhsat\u0131 hakk\u0131 do\u011far.
\n \u00d6N PROJE, \u0130haleye \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak veya yat\u0131r\u0131m projesini uygulamaya koymak amac\u0131 ile bir tesis ya da in\u015faat\u0131n hangi tesis gere\u00e7leri ile ve nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren a\u00e7\u0131klama, \u015fema, plan ve resimlerle bunlar\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesine dayanak olan hesap, ke\u015fif ve \u015fartnamelerden olu\u015fan proje.
\n \u00d6RDEK AYA\u011eI, Demiryolu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda raydan \u00e7\u0131kan (d\u00fc\u015fen) araban\u0131n; lokomotifi \u00e7ekmek veya itmek suretiyle tekrar ray \u00fczerine oturmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak \u00fczere kullan\u0131lan \u00f6zel par\u00e7a. Bunlar ya demiryoluna sabit olarak monte edilecek veya seyyar olarak kullan\u0131labilecek \u015fekillerde imal edilir.
\n \u00d6RDEK GAGASI, 1) \u00d6n k\u0131sm\u0131 \u00f6rdek gagas\u0131 bi\u00e7iminde geni\u015fleyen ve \u00fczerinde ok ba\u015f\u0131 bi\u00e7imli \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar olan y\u00fckleyici mekanik k\u00fcrek. 2) Dakbil.
\n \u00d6RT\u00dcKAZI, \u2014> Dekapaj.
\n \u00d6RT\u00dcKAZI HAC\u0130M, \u00d6rt\u00fc tabakas\u0131nda yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131da dekapaj malzemesinin yerinde, kaz\u0131dan sonra kabarm\u0131\u015f ve d\u00f6k\u00fcm sahas\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f hacmi. Yerinde hacim (m3) x Kabarma fakt\u00f6r\u00fc (kayac\u0131n cinsine g\u00f6re 1,25 – 1,45 – 1,65) = Kabarm\u0131\u015f hacim (m3). Kabarm\u0131\u015f hacim (m3) x S\u0131k\u0131\u015fma fakt\u00f6r\u00fc (0,72-0,80-0,74 Kabarma fakt\u00f6r\u00fcne g\u00f6re). = S\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f hacim (m3). (Burada fakt\u00f6rler normal toprak, marn ve sert malzeme i\u00e7in verilmi\u015ftir.) \u2014> Kabarma katsay\u0131s\u0131.
\n \u00d6RT\u00dcKAZI ORANI, \u2014> Dekapaj oran\u0131.
\n \u00d6RT\u00dcKAZI Y\u00d6NTEMLER\u0130, Bir a\u00e7\u0131k i\u015fletmenin faaliyete ge\u00e7mesi i\u00e7in, \u00f6rt\u00fc tabakas\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lma y\u00f6ntemleri. \u00d6rt\u00fc tabakas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerine, maden yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n durumuna, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00fcretim miktar\u0131na, sahan\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lma \u00f6mr\u00fcne, di\u011fer teknik ve ekonomik ko\u015fullara g\u00f6re yap\u0131lan i\u015f makinalar\u0131 tercihlerine paralel olarak \u00f6rt\u00fckaz\u0131 tertibi se\u00e7ilir.
\n 1) D\u00f6ner kep\u00e7eli kaz\u0131c\u0131+bant+d\u00f6k\u00fcc\u00fc,
\n 2) Draglayn \u00f6rt\u00fckaz\u0131 y\u00f6ntemi,
\n 3) Aktar\u0131c\u0131 shovel ve ripper+skreyper,
\n 4) Kaz\u0131c\u0131+kamyon,
\n 5) Y\u00fckleyici+kamyon,
\n 6) Kaz\u0131c\u0131+k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131+bant; en \u00f6nemli \u00f6rt\u00fckaz\u0131 y\u00f6ntemleridir.
\n \u00d6RT\u00dcKAZIDA DEL\u0130K BOYUNUN TESP\u0130T\u0130, Ekskavat\u00f6rle verimli \u00f6rt\u00fckaz\u0131 yap\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in kademe taban\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczg\u00fcn olmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla patlatma delikleri boylar\u0131n\u0131n; kademe taban\u0131ndan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 inecek \u015fekilde delinerek patlatmadan sonra \u00e7ukur \u00fcst kenarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ve t\u0131rnak yapmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyecek \u015fekilde belirlenmesi.
\n \u00d6RT\u00dc TABAKASI, 1) Maden i\u00e7eren formasyonlar \u00fczerinde olan kaya\u00e7 katmanlar\u0131. 2) \u0130stihsal edilmesi istenen maden yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerindeki steril formasyonlar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc. 3) \u00d6rt\u00fc 4) Petrol ve do\u011falgaz yataklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerini \u00f6rten ve bunlar\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131p yokolmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyen ge\u00e7irimsiz tabaka. Cap-rock.
\n \u00d6TEKT\u0130K KARI\u015eIM, Birbirleri i\u00e7inde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnebilen bir grup maddenin, en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kta s\u0131v\u0131la\u015facak bi\u00e7imde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131. Bu t\u00fcr maddelerden rasgele se\u00e7ilmi\u015f s\u0131v\u0131 bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m so\u011fultuldu\u011funda, bile\u015fenlerden birinin kat\u0131la\u015farak s\u0131v\u0131 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdan ayr\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 bir s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. S\u0131cakl\u0131k daha da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, ayn\u0131 bile\u015fen kat\u0131la\u015fmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrerek kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdan ayr\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in geride kalan s\u0131v\u0131 \u00f6b\u00fcr bile\u015fen a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zenginle\u015fir ve sonunda s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n bile\u015fimi, her iki maddenin kat\u0131 bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m halinde ve ayn\u0131 anda ayr\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir de\u011fere ula\u015f\u0131r. S\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n o andaki bile\u015fimine \u201cBirerim bile\u015fimi\u201d kat\u0131la\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa da \u201cBirerim s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya Birerim (\u00d6tetik= Eutektik) noktas\u0131\u201d denir. So\u011futulan s\u0131v\u0131 ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta birerim bile\u015fiminde ise, birerim s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131ncaya kadar herhangi bir kat\u0131la\u015fma ve ayr\u0131lma olmaz; bu s\u0131cakl\u0131k derecesine ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kat\u0131la\u015fan her iki bile\u015fen, s\u0131v\u0131daki bile\u015fim oran\u0131n\u0131 koruyacak bi\u00e7imde ayr\u0131lmaya ba\u015flar. Kat\u0131la\u015fma s\u00fcresince gerek biriken kat\u0131n\u0131n, gerek arta kalan s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n bile\u015fimi ve s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fmez. \u2014> \u015eekil: denge (durum) diyagram\u0131n\u0131n meydana geli\u015fi; \u015eekil: Kur\u015fun- antimon sistemi, \u015eekil: Demir-karbon diyagram\u0131.
\n \u00d6TEKT\u0130K NOKTASI, \u2014> \u00d6tektik kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m.
\n \u00d6ZG\u00dcL ISI, Bir cismin birim k\u00fctlesinin (gr k\u00fctle) \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 1\u00bdC y\u00fckseltmek i\u00e7in verilmesi gereken \u0131s\u0131 miktar\u0131.
\n \u00d6Z\u00dcTLEME, (\u00c7\u0131karma i\u015flemi) Metalurjide, metallerin cevherlerinden ayr\u0131larak elde edilmesi. Bu ama\u00e7la uygulanan fiziksel ve kimyasal i\u015flemlere, metalurjik s\u00fcre\u00e7ler denir.
\n De\u011ferli minerallerin ham cevherden mekanik yolla ayr\u0131lmas\u0131nda bu minerallerin \u00f6zg\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k, sertlik, ge\u00e7irgenlik, elektriksel iletkenlik, gibi fiziksel \u00f6zelliklerinden yararlan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu i\u015flemlere,\u2014> Cevher haz\u0131rlama denir.
\n Metalurjik \u00f6z\u00fctleme \u2014> Pirometalurji ve \u2014> Hidrometalurji olarak iki gruba ayr\u0131labilir. Her iki durumda da ama\u00e7, cevherin iki ya da \u00fc\u00e7 fazda ayr\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u015fl\u0131ca pirometalurji i\u015flemleri \u2014> Ergitme, Kavurma ve Dam\u0131tma; ba\u015fl\u0131ca hidrometalurji i\u015flemleri ise, suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u00fcrme \u2014> Li\u00e7ing, \u00e7\u00f6kelterek elde etme ve yo\u011fun-la\u015ft\u0131rmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
O OBRUK, 1) Kire\u00e7 ta\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7inde, bacaya benzeyen 30m ya da daha \u00e7ok derinlikte, genel olarak alt\u0131nda bir yeralt\u0131 ma\u011faras\u0131 (ini) bulunan tabii kuyu. 2) \u0130\u00e7inde su biriken \u00e7ukur yer, do\u011fal kuyu. 3) \u0130\u00e7b\u00fckey, konkav. OCAK, 1) A\u00e7\u0131k (yer\u00fcst\u00fc) maden i\u015fletmesi yap\u0131lan yer. 2) Dik kuyu ve di\u011fer giri\u015fler, meyilli kuyular, d\u00fcz ve meyilli galeriler …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[2224,5562,5561,5555,5557,5558,5559,5560,2338,4810,3090,5556,2164,4129,5554],"class_list":["post-2218","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-azot","tag-dakbil","tag-dekapaj","tag-feldispat","tag-gagat","tag-jayet","tag-kalay-oksit","tag-kalsiyum-fosfat","tag-karbondioksit","tag-kimyasal-element","tag-mermer","tag-mineroloji","tag-oksijen","tag-sulfur","tag-vagonet"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2218","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2218"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2218\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2218"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2218"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2218"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}