Ye\u015fil bitkilerin \u0131\u015f\u0131kta, \u00e7ok basit bile\u015fiklerden (karbondioksit, su, nitratlar) karma\u015f\u0131k yap\u0131l\u0131 organik molek\u00fcller (protitler, gl\u00fcsitler, lipitler) yapmas\u0131. <\/p>\n
G\u00fcne\u015f’ten gelerek \u00fczerinde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z gezegene \u00e7arpan \u0131\u015f\u0131k enerjisinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 yans\u0131r (Mars’tan bak\u0131lsa D\u00fcnya da ayd\u0131nl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr), bir k\u0131sm\u0131 emilir, \u0131s\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da suyu buharla\u015ft\u0131rmaya yarar (bulutlar\u0131n olu\u015fu). Yaln\u0131z bu enerjinin klorofilli bitkilerin \u00fczerine (mesel\u00e2 a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n yapraklar\u0131na) d\u00fc\u015fen \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131, bitkilerin kendine, bakterilere, hayvanlara ve insanlara besin olmaya elveri\u015fli organik maddelerin yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Fotosentezin e\u015fsiz hayati \u00f6nemi buradan ileri gelir. <\/p>\n
\u015eimdiye kadar \u00f6nce ni\u015fastan\u0131n sentezlendi\u011fine inan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Ispanaktan elde edilen kloroplastlarla yak\u0131n zamanda yap\u0131lan deneylerle laboratuvarda fotosentez sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f ve \u00f6teden beri bilinenin tersine, kloroplastlar\u0131n \u00f6nce proteinleri, belirli bir duraklama devresinden sonra da ni\u015fastay\u0131 sentezledi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. <\/p>\n
Fotosentezin kimyasal s\u00fcresi ve de\u011fi\u015fiklik safhalar\u0131 hen\u00fcz tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler ne olursa olsun, Emerson’un deneylerine g\u00f6re fotosentezde iki ayr\u0131 tepkime yer al\u0131r: fotokimyasal tepkime \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 (l\/100000 s) ve \u0131s\u0131dan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zd\u0131r; bu tepkime esnas\u0131nda klorofil birimleri \u00aby\u00fcklenir\u00bb; \u0131\u015f\u0131ks\u0131z tepkime (Blackmann tepkimesi) daha yava\u015f (1\/50 s kadar), \u0131s\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131, fakat \u0131\u015f\u0131ktan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zd\u0131r; bu tepkime esnas\u0131nda, klorofil taneciklerinde birikmi\u015f olan enerji organik sentezlere harcan\u0131r. <\/p>\n
\u00c7e\u015fitli dalga boyundaki \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131n fotosentez s\u0131ras\u0131nda sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 enerjinin verimi kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 olarak incelenirse kuvanta kuram\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulayan bir kan\u0131t sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olur; bu verim ger\u00e7ekten de dalga uzunlu\u011fuyla orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r; \u0131\u015f\u0131ks\u0131z tepkime sona erince her kuvantum bir klorofil birimince kullan\u0131l\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc durumda hem \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fcr\u00fcn sa\u011flama bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, hem de tar\u0131m\u0131n yerini hi\u00e7 bir \u015fey tutamaz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc tar\u0131m tekni\u011fi g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisini kullanma bak\u0131m\u0131ndan essiz bir tekniktir. Her g\u00fcn d\u00fcnyam\u0131za d\u00fc\u015fen g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisinin y\u00fczde l’i ye\u015fil bitkilerce kullan\u0131l\u0131r; ye\u015fil bitkiler bir g\u00fcnde 1,8 milyar ton CO2 emerek l milyar ton organik madde yapar, 1,3 milyar ton oksijen \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Havadaki oksijenin bu \u015fekilde ba\u015ftan ba\u015fa yenilenebilmesi i\u00e7in 20,000 y\u0131l gerekti\u011fi hesaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bitkilerce \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan oksijen atomlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn suyun ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131ndan, geri kalan\u0131n\u0131n da fosforlu organik bile\u015fiklerden geldi\u011fi san\u0131l\u0131yor. <\/p>\n
\u015eunu da \u00f6nemle belirtmek gerekir: fotosentezin \u00f6zelli\u011fi, \u00e7ok daha yayg\u0131n olan CO2’nin so\u011furulmas\u0131 de\u011fil oksijenin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ye\u015fil bitkilerin \u0131\u015f\u0131kta, \u00e7ok basit bile\u015fiklerden (karbondioksit, su, nitratlar) karma\u015f\u0131k yap\u0131l\u0131 organik molek\u00fcller (protitler, gl\u00fcsitler, lipitler) yapmas\u0131. G\u00fcne\u015f’ten gelerek \u00fczerinde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z gezegene \u00e7arpan \u0131\u015f\u0131k enerjisinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 yans\u0131r (Mars’tan bak\u0131lsa D\u00fcnya da ayd\u0131nl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr), bir k\u0131sm\u0131 emilir, \u0131s\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da suyu buharla\u015ft\u0131rmaya yarar (bulutlar\u0131n olu\u015fu). Yaln\u0131z bu enerjinin klorofilli bitkilerin \u00fczerine (mesel\u00e2 a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[2498,5647,2338,2465,5648,5058,5646,3494],"class_list":["post-2249","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-fotosentez","tag-glusitler","tag-karbondioksit","tag-kloroplast","tag-lipitler","tag-nitratlar","tag-protitler","tag-su"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2249","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2249"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2249\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2249"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2249"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2249"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}