H\u00fccre sitoplazmas\u0131, sentez i\u015flevlerinin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesinde \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6nemi olan ve endoplazmik retikulum (ER) denen kanalc\u0131klar ve borucuklarla donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (endo = Yunanca i\u00e7; retikulum = Latince k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck a\u011f demektir). Bu sisteme
\n “E r g a s t o p l a z m a” da denir. Kanalc\u0131klar (sisternalar) ve borucuklar \u00e7ekirdek zar\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fccre zar\u0131na kadar \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekillerde uzamas\u0131yla meydana gelmi\u015ftir. Bu ince borucuklar\u0131n \u00e7eperi 5-6 nm. kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki zar biriminden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; l\u00fcmenlerinin \u00e7ap\u0131 en az\u0131ndan 50 nm.’dir. Kanallar (sisternalar) h\u00fccre i\u00e7i madde da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, h\u00fccrede asidik ve bazik tepkimelerin birbirini etkilemeden bir \u00e7e\u015fit odac\u0131klar i\u00e7inde olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 ve h\u00fccrenin mekanik etkilere kar\u015f\u0131 daha dayan\u0131kl\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla borucuklar\u0131n l\u00fcmeni, \u00e7ekirdek porlar\u0131na do\u011frudan a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Bununla beraber ER’un i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f zar\u0131, \u00e7ekirde\u011fin i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f zar\u0131na ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ER ve \u00e7ekirdek zar aras\u0131 bo\u015fluklar\u0131 a\u011f\u0131zla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle \u00e7ekirdekle yak\u0131ndan ili\u015fkisi vard\u0131r. Her h\u00fccrenin endoplazmik retikuler sistemi kendine \u00f6zg\u00fcd\u00fcr. Kanalc\u0131klar sistemi sabit de\u011fildir, geli\u015fim ve i\u015flev durumuna g\u00f6re yap\u0131\u015f\u0131 h\u0131zla de\u011fi\u015febilir. H\u00fccre bulunurken kaybolur, daha sonra yeniden olu\u015fur. H\u00fccre ya\u015fland\u0131k\u00e7a ER’un i\u015flevleri ve kanalc\u0131klar\u0131n birbiriyle ili\u015fkisi azal\u0131r, iki tip endoplazmik retikulum ay\u0131rt edilir. <\/p>\n
Gran\u00fcll\u00fc (Tanecikli) endoplazmik retikulum <\/p>\n
\u00d6zellikle protein sentezi yapan h\u00fccrelerde iyi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc protein sentezi, \u00e7o\u011funluk ER’un borucuk ve kanalc\u0131klann\u0131n d\u0131\u015f y\u00fcz\u00fcne ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f ribozomlarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Bu nedenle protein sentezlenen k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 tanecikli g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Fakat ribozomlar\u0131n ER’a ba\u011flanma zorunlulu\u011fu yoktur. Bakterilerde ER bulunmamas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, ribozomca zengindirler. ER di\u011fer maddeleri de sentezlemektedir (\u00f6rne\u011fin, ya\u011f). <\/p>\n
Gran\u00fcls\u00fcz (D\u00fcz) endoplazmik retikulum <\/p>\n
Daha \u00e7ok ya\u011f sentezi yapan h\u00fccrelerde, \u00f6zellikle steroyit hormonlar\u0131 sentezleyen endokrin bezlerde bulunur. Kural olarak ribozom i\u00e7ermezler. Fakat d\u00fcz ER sistem ile gran\u00fcll\u00fc ER sistem aras\u0131nda belirgin yap\u0131sal bir fark yoktur. Bu sentezleri yapan enzimleri, ER sistemin zarlar\u0131ndan ay\u0131rmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
H\u00fccre sitoplazmas\u0131, sentez i\u015flevlerinin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesinde \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6nemi olan ve endoplazmik retikulum (ER) denen kanalc\u0131klar ve borucuklarla donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (endo = Yunanca i\u00e7; retikulum = Latince k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck a\u011f demektir). Bu sisteme “E r g a s t o p l a z m a” da denir. Kanalc\u0131klar (sisternalar) ve borucuklar \u00e7ekirdek zar\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fccre zar\u0131na kadar …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[5689,5656],"class_list":["post-2269","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-e-r-g-a-s-t-o-p-l-a-z-m-a","tag-endoplazmik-retikulum"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2269","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2269"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2269\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2269"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2269"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2269"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}