H\u00dcCRE <\/p>\n
Canl\u0131lar\u0131n temel yap\u0131 ve i\u015flevsel birimi h\u00fccredir. B\u00fct\u00fcn canl\u0131lar bir yada daha fazla h\u00fccreden meydana gelmi\u015ftir. Kal\u0131t\u0131m materyali h\u00fccrede bulunur. Yeni h\u00fccreler var olan h\u00fccrelerin \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131 ile olu\u015fur.(Modern H\u00fccre Teorisi)<\/p>\n
Bu teoriyi \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klayabiliriz. Canl\u0131larda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yap\u0131sal ve i\u015flevsel faaliyeti h\u00fccrede g\u00f6rebiliriz. Yani bir h\u00fccre b\u00fcy\u00fcme, bo\u015falt\u0131m, \u00fcreme, hareket vs. gibi canl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa \u00f6zel i\u015flevleri tek ba\u015f\u0131na yerine getirebilir. <\/p>\n
B\u00fct\u00fcn canl\u0131lar h\u00fccrelerin bir araya gelmesiyle olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Tek bir h\u00fccreden meydana gelen amip,terliksi hayvan ve milyarlarca h\u00fccreden meydana gelen insan. Canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6zelliklerinden birisi h\u00fccresel yap\u0131ya sahip olmalar\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00f6zelli\u011fimizin olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan kromozomlar h\u00fccrede bulunur. Kromozomlar prokaryot (ilkel \u00e7ekirdekli) canl\u0131larda sitoplazma i\u00e7erisine da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olarak bulunurken \u00f6karyot (ger\u00e7ek \u00e7ekirdekli) canl\u0131larda \u00e7ift kat zarla \u00e7evrili \u00e7ekirdek organelinin i\u00e7erisindedir. Kromozomlar sayesinde ana babadaki \u00f6zellikler gen\u00e7 h\u00fccrelere ve tabiki yavrular\u0131na ge\u00e7er. <\/p>\n
Anorganik ve organik evrim s\u00fcreci d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir h\u00fccre durduk yerde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaz. Ancak var olan h\u00fccrelerin mitoz veya mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnme ge\u00e7irmesiyle olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n
M\u0130TOZ B\u00d6L\u00dcNME: Bir h\u00fccreden ayn\u0131 \u00f6zellikleri ta\u015f\u0131yan iki yavru h\u00fccrenin meydana gelmesidir. B\u00fcy\u00fcme ve geli\u015fme s\u0131ras\u0131nda v\u00fccut h\u00fccrelerimiz bolca mitoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnme ge\u00e7irerek \u00e7o\u011fal\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n
MAYOZ B\u00d6L\u00dcNME: Bir h\u00fccreden d\u00f6rt yavru h\u00fccrenin meydana gelmesidir. \u00dcreme h\u00fccrelerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir b\u00f6l\u00fcnme \u015feklidir. Canl\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitlenmesine ve farkl\u0131 \u00f6zellikler kazanmas\u0131na olanak sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
H\u00dcCREN\u0130N B\u00d6L\u00dcMLER\u0130: H\u00fccre genelde zar (membran), sitoplazma ve \u00e7ekirdek olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mda incelenir.<\/p>\n
H\u00fccre zar\u0131: Singer-Nicholson adl\u0131 iki bilim adam\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ortaya at\u0131lan ak\u0131c\u0131-mozaik zar modeli ile a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131r. Bu modele g\u00f6re h\u00fccre zar\u0131 tek katl\u0131 lipid tabakas\u0131ndan meydana gelmi\u015f, karbonhidrat ve protein molek\u00fclleri lipid tabakas\u0131na g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc durumdad\u0131r. Lipid tabakas\u0131 s\u00fcrekli hareket halindedir.<\/p>\n
Sitoplazma: H\u00fccre zar\u0131 ile \u00e7ekirdek aras\u0131n\u0131 dolduran canl\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 sudur. I\u00e7erisinde organel denilen \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00f6revleri \u00fcstlenmi\u015f ve \u00f6zelle\u015fmi\u015f yap\u0131lar bulunmaktad\u0131r<\/p>\n
Endoplazmik Retikulum: \u00c7ekirdek zar\u0131 ile stoplazma ya da h\u00fccre zar\u0131 aras\u0131nda uzanan iletimle g\u00f6revli kanal ve borucuklar sistemidir. <\/p>\n
Golgi ayg\u0131t\u0131: H\u00fccrenin bazal\u0131nda bulunan i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015f tabak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcnde zar sistemidir. Ya\u011f sentezi ve lizozomlar\u0131n paketlenmesinde g\u00f6revlidir.<\/p>\n
Lizozom: tek katl\u0131 zarla \u00e7evrili i\u00e7erisinde sindirim enzimleri bulunduran organeldir.<\/p>\n
Mitokondri: H\u00fccrenin enerji santralidir. Oksijenli solunumun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi yerdir. <\/p>\n
Kloroplast: Sadece bitki h\u00fccrelerinde bulunan bu organel fotosentezin yani besin \u00fcretiminin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi yerdir.<\/p>\n
Sentrozom: Bu organelde sadece hayvan h\u00fccrelerinde bulunur ve b\u00f6l\u00fcnme esnas\u0131nda kromozomlar\u0131n kutuplara ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 b\u00f6revini \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\u00c7ekirdek: H\u00fccrenin en \u00f6nemli organeli ve y\u00f6neticisi konumundad\u0131r. D\u0131\u015f taraf\u0131 \u00e7ift kat zarla \u00e7evrili i\u00e7erisi ise karyoplazma denilen s\u0131v\u0131 madde ile doludur. Ayr\u0131ca kromozomlar ve \u00e7ekirdek\u00e7ik te burada bulunur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
H\u00dcCRE Canl\u0131lar\u0131n temel yap\u0131 ve i\u015flevsel birimi h\u00fccredir. B\u00fct\u00fcn canl\u0131lar bir yada daha fazla h\u00fccreden meydana gelmi\u015ftir. Kal\u0131t\u0131m materyali h\u00fccrede bulunur. Yeni h\u00fccreler var olan h\u00fccrelerin \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131 ile olu\u015fur.(Modern H\u00fccre Teorisi) Bu teoriyi \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klayabiliriz. Canl\u0131larda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yap\u0131sal ve i\u015flevsel faaliyeti h\u00fccrede g\u00f6rebiliriz. Yani bir h\u00fccre b\u00fcy\u00fcme, bo\u015falt\u0131m, \u00fcreme, hareket vs. gibi canl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[2416,5784,5787,2532,5656,5756,5786,2576,3346,5788,2466,5783,5789,5785],"class_list":["post-2300","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-bosaltim","tag-buyume","tag-buyume-ve-gelisme","tag-cekirdek","tag-endoplazmik-retikulum","tag-golgi-aygiti","tag-hareket","tag-kalitim","tag-lipid","tag-membran","tag-mitokondri","tag-modern-hucre-teorisi","tag-sentrozom","tag-ureme"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2300","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2300"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2300\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2300"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2300"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2300"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}