B\u0130TK\u0130SEL DOKULAR
\nA) B\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr doku: Bitkilerde b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr doku h\u00fccreleri,mitozla \u00e7o\u011fal\u0131r. Bunlar bitkide yaprak,k\u00f6k ve g\u00f6vdededir. K\u00f6kenine g\u00f6re 2\u2019ye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Bunlar birincil b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr doku ve ikincil b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr dokudur. Birincil b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr doku, bitkinin k\u00f6k ve g\u00f6vde ucunda bulunur. Bitkinin boyuna uzamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu b\u00f6lgeye b\u00fcy\u00fcme noktas\u0131 denir. \u0130kincil b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr doku: B\u00f6l\u00fcnmez dokular\u0131n tekrar mitoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnme yetene\u011fi kazanmas\u0131yla olu\u015fur. B\u00f6ylece kambiyum ve mantar kambiyumu olu\u015fur. Kambiyum k\u00f6k ve g\u00f6vdede bulunur. Bitkilerde ya\u015f\u0131n hesaplanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan halkalar\u0131 olu\u015fturur. B) B\u00f6l\u00fcnmez doku: Kofullar\u0131 \u00e7ok say\u0131da ve b\u00fcy\u00fck olup \u00e7ekirdekleri k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr. Baz\u0131 h\u00fccrelerin \u00c7eperlerinde odun, mantar vb. maddeler birle\u015ferek kal\u0131nla\u015fmalar olur. Baz\u0131 h\u00fccreler \u00f6l\u00fc olabilir. 5 b\u00f6l\u00fcmde incelenir. Bunlar temel, koruyucu, destek, iletim ve salg\u0131 dokudur. 1)Temel doku (parankima): G\u00f6vdenin korteksinde, yapra\u011f\u0131n mezofil tabakas\u0131nda ve di\u011fer dokular\u0131n etraf\u0131nda bulunur. H\u00fccreleri canl\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00f6revine g\u00f6re 4 b\u00f6l\u00fcmde incelenir: a)\u00d6z\u00fcmleme parankimas\u0131 : Yapraklar\u0131n mezofil tabakas\u0131nda ve gen\u00e7 g\u00f6vdede bulunur. Bol kloroplastl\u0131d\u0131r. Fotosentez yap\u0131m\u0131nda g\u00f6rev al\u0131r, Mezofil tabakas\u0131, palizat ve s\u00fcnger parankimas\u0131 olmak \u00fczere 2 k\u0131s\u0131mdan olu\u015fur. b) \u0130letim parankimas\u0131: Fotosentez yapan dokularla iletim demetleri aras\u0131nda bulunur.Su ve besin ta\u015f\u0131r.Kloroplast\u0131 yoktur. c) Depo parankimas\u0131: Bitkinin b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde bulunur. Su ve besin depolar. d) Havaland\u0131rma parankimas\u0131: Su ve batakl\u0131k bitkilerinde bulunur. Bitkide k\u00f6k ve g\u00f6vdedeki parankima h\u00fccreleri aras\u0131nda bo\u015fluk olu\u015fturur. B\u00f6ylece gaz al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fini kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. 2) Koruyucu doku: Bitkide k\u00f6k,g\u00f6vde,yaprak ve meyvelerin \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6rter. H\u00fccreleri kal\u0131n ve klorofilsizdir. Bitkilerde 2 tip koruyucu vard\u0131r. Bunlar epidermis ve mantar dokudur. a) Epidermis: b) Mantar doku: \u00c7ok y\u0131ll\u0131k bitkilerin k\u00f6k ve g\u00f6vdelerinin \u00fczerinde bulunur. Epidermisin par\u00e7alanmas\u0131yla olu\u015fur. H\u00fccreleri \u00f6l\u00fcd\u00fcr. Gaz al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fini kovucuklar sa\u011flar. 3) Destek doku: Bitkilere \u015fekil ve destek verir. \u00c7ok y\u0131ll\u0131k odunsu bitkilerde iletim demetleri de desteklik i\u015fine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. \u00c7ok y\u0131ll\u0131k bitkilerde 2 destek doku bulunur. Bunlar pek doku (kollenkima) ve sert doku (sklerankima)d\u0131r. a) Pek doku: Bitkinin g\u00f6vde, yaprak ve yaprak sap\u0131nda bulunur. Pek doku h\u00fccrelerden olu\u015fur. H\u00fccre \u00e7eperine kal\u0131nla\u015fmalar vard\u0131r. Bu kal\u0131nla\u015fmalar k\u00f6\u015fe kollenkimas\u0131 ve levha kollenkimas\u0131 olmak \u00fczere 2 grupta incelenir. b) Sert doku: H\u00fccrelerinin sitoplazma ve \u00e7ekirdekleri kaybolmu\u015f,t\u00fcm \u00e7eperleri kal\u0131nla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 4) \u0130letim doku: Damars\u0131z bitkiler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda karada ya\u015fayan t\u00fcm bitkilerde bulunur. Odun ve soymuk demetlerinden olu\u015fur. Su ve organik maddeleri ta\u015f\u0131r.2 b\u00f6l\u00fcmde incelenir: a) Odun borular\u0131: B\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr doku h\u00fccreleri \u00fcst \u00fcste gelerek zamanla \u00e7ekirdek ve sitoplazmalar\u0131n\u0131 kaybeder. H\u00fccre kenarlar\u0131nda odun \u00f6z\u00fc birikerek kal\u0131nla\u015fmalar olu\u015fur. H\u00fccreler aras\u0131nda enine zarlar eriyerek kaybolur. B\u00f6ylece odun borular\u0131 olu\u015fur. G\u00f6revi su ve suda erimi\u015f tuzlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131makt\u0131r. K\u00f6kteki emici t\u00fcylerle al\u0131nan su, bitkinin di\u011fer organlar\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r. Ta\u015f\u0131ma a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dan yukar\u0131 do\u011frudur. b) Soymuk borular\u0131: Tek s\u0131ra halinde \u00fcst \u00fcste dizilmi\u015f canl\u0131 h\u00fccrelerden olu\u015fur. Soymuk borular\u0131 olu\u015furken h\u00fccrelerin ara \u00e7eperleri tamamen erimedi\u011finden, yer yer delikler olu\u015fur. Bunlara kalburlu borular denir. Soymuk borular\u0131nda fotosentez \u00fcr\u00fcnleri bitkinin di\u011fer organlar\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r. Baz\u0131 bitkilerin k\u00f6klerinde sentezlenen amino asitler de yaprak ve di\u011fer organlara ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r. Ta\u015f\u0131ma \u00e7ift y\u00f6nl\u00fcd\u00fcr. 5) Salg\u0131 doku: Salg\u0131 dokuyu olu\u015fturan h\u00fccreler canl\u0131, bol sitoplazmal\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7ekirdekli ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kofulludur. H\u00fccreler di\u011fer dokular aras\u0131na da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Salg\u0131lar i\u015flevlerine g\u00f6re 3 b\u00f6l\u00fcmde incelenir: a) H\u00fccre i\u00e7i salg\u0131lar: Bu salg\u0131 h\u00fccre i\u00e7inde biriktirilir. Salg\u0131 h\u00fccreleri zamanla sitoplazmalar\u0131n\u0131 kaybederek i\u00e7i salg\u0131yla dolu olarak kal\u0131r. b) H\u00fccre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 salg\u0131lar: H\u00fccrede olu\u015fturulur. Daha sonra h\u00fccre d\u0131\u015f\u0131na at\u0131l\u0131r. c) Salg\u0131 borular\u0131: Bir ya da birka\u00e7 salg\u0131 h\u00fccresi uzayarak salg\u0131 borusu haline gelir. Salg\u0131 borular\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde s\u00fcte benzer bir salg\u0131 bulunur. Salg\u0131 borular\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu salg\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00f6revleri : \uf04a Bal \u00f6z\u00fc, b\u00f6cekleri \u00e7ekerek tozla\u015fmay\u0131 sa\u011flar, \uf04a Re\u00e7ine, tanen gibi antiseptik i\u00e7eren salg\u0131lar, mikroorganizmalardan korunmay\u0131 sa\u011flar, \uf04a B\u00f6cek\u00e7il bitkilerde salg\u0131lar, sindirim enzimi i\u00e7erir, yakalanan b\u00f6ceklerin sindirimini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u0130TK\u0130SEL DOKULAR A) B\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr doku: Bitkilerde b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr doku h\u00fccreleri,mitozla \u00e7o\u011fal\u0131r. Bunlar bitkide yaprak,k\u00f6k ve g\u00f6vdededir. K\u00f6kenine g\u00f6re 2\u2019ye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Bunlar birincil b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr doku ve ikincil b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr dokudur. Birincil b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr doku, bitkinin k\u00f6k ve g\u00f6vde ucunda bulunur. Bitkinin boyuna uzamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu b\u00f6lgeye b\u00fcy\u00fcme noktas\u0131 denir. \u0130kincil b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr doku: B\u00f6l\u00fcnmez dokular\u0131n tekrar mitoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnme yetene\u011fi kazanmas\u0131yla …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[5875,5675,5880,2465,6063,2568,5878,5679,6065,6064,5678],"class_list":["post-2394","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-bitkisel-dokular","tag-bolunur-doku","tag-epidermis","tag-kloroplast","tag-kollenkima","tag-mitoz","tag-ozumleme-parankimasi","tag-parankima","tag-salgi-doku","tag-soymuk-borulari","tag-temel-doku"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2394","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2394"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2394\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2394"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2394"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2394"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}