Akci\u011ferler g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs bo\u015flu\u011funda y\u00fcre\u011fin sa\u011f ve solunda az \u00e7ok piramit \u015feklinde olan solunum organlar\u0131d\u0131r. Taban k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 diyafram\u0131n \u00fczerine oturmu\u015ftur. G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs \u00e7eperine bakan y\u00fczeyleri d\u0131\u015f b\u00fckey, y\u00fcre\u011fe bakan i\u00e7 y\u00fczeyleri ise i\u00e7 b\u00fckeydir. Akci\u011ferlerin d\u0131\u015f y\u00fczeyi d\u00fczg\u00fcn ve parlak olup bu parlakl\u0131k akci\u011ferleri \u00f6rten palevran\u0131n visceral yapra\u011f\u0131ndand\u0131r. Rengi, yeni do\u011fmu\u015f \u00e7ocuklarda esmer-k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, gen\u00e7lerde pembe, ergin ve ya\u015fl\u0131larda ise pembe-mavimt\u0131rakt\u0131r.\u0130nsan ya\u015fland\u0131k\u00e7a akci\u011ferlerin y\u00fczeyinde bir tak\u0131m pigmentler belirir. Bunlar solunum s\u0131ras\u0131nda akci\u011ferlere kadar giren yabanc\u0131 cisimleri meydana getirdikleri olu\u015fuklard\u0131r. Akci\u011ferlerin ortalama olarak y\u00fckseklikleri,omurga taraf\u0131ndaki kenarlar\u0131nda 25cm olup \u00f6nden arkaya olan kal\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 tabanda 16cm ,geni\u015flikleri ise yine tabanda sa\u011f akci\u011ferlerin 10cm,sol akci\u011ferlerin 7cm dir.Y\u00fcre\u011fin sol akci\u011fer \u00fczerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bas\u0131n\u00e7tan dolay\u0131 bu akci\u011fer k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Sa\u011f akci\u011fer,sol akci\u011ferden 1\/5 veya 1\/6 kadar b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr .Ayr\u0131ca sa\u011f akci\u011fer karaci\u011ferin sa\u011f lopunun yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabar\u0131kl\u0131ktan dolay\u0131 sol akci\u011fere nazaran biraz yukar\u0131dad\u0131r.Yine bu akci\u011fer \u00fczerindeki iki yar\u0131kla \u00fc\u00e7 lopa ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Sol akci\u011fer ise bir tek yar\u0131kla iki lopa ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Akci\u011ferlerin hacmi ya\u015fa, \u015fahsa ve cinse g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir .A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 yeti\u015fkin bir erkekte 1300gr olup bunun 700gr m\u0131 sa\u011f ,600gr m\u0131 sol akci\u011fere aittir .Kad\u0131nlarda ise sa\u011f akci\u011fer 550gr,sol akci\u011fer 450gr kadard\u0131r.\u0130\u00e7erisinde hava bulunan akci\u011ferler daha hafiftir.Yeni do\u011fmu\u015f \u00f6l\u00fc bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun akci\u011ferlerinin nefes almam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu suya at\u0131larak anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.E\u011fer nefes alm\u0131\u015f ise suyun y\u00fczeyinde kal\u0131r .Almam\u0131\u015f ise suyun dibine \u00e7\u00f6ker. Akci\u011ferler yumu\u015fak oldu\u011fundan parmakla bas\u0131l\u0131nca \u00e7\u00f6kertilebilir.\u00dczerlerinde fazla bas\u0131n\u00e7 yap\u0131l\u0131rsa alveol keseciklerinin y\u0131rt\u0131lmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 bir \u00e7\u0131t\u0131rt\u0131 duyulur.Bu taktirde hava kabarc\u0131klar\u0131 plevran\u0131n akci\u011ferleri \u00f6rten yapra\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131na g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.Akci\u011ferler kolay y\u0131rt\u0131lmazlar.Bu nedenle,alveolleri dolduran havan\u0131n bas\u0131nc\u0131na mukavemet ederler. Akci\u011ferlerin Yap\u0131s\u0131: Akci\u011ferleri d\u0131\u015ftan seroz yap\u0131da olan \u00e7ift katl\u0131 plevra zar\u0131 \u00f6rter.Her akci\u011ferin ayr\u0131 bir plevras\u0131 vard\u0131r. Plevran\u0131n d\u0131\u015f kat\u0131 g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs \u00e7eperine yap\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Bu kat parictal yap\u0131da oldu\u011fundan parictal plevra ad\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r. Plevran\u0131n di\u011fer kat\u0131 akci\u011ferlerin y\u00fczeyini \u00f6rter. Buna da visceral veya pulmonal plevra denir. Bu iki yaprak ayr\u0131 olmay\u0131p akci\u011ferleri hilus k\u0131sm\u0131nda birbirleriyle birle\u015firler. Ayr\u0131ca bu iki yaprak i\u00e7 i\u00e7e oldu\u011fundan birbirleriyle s\u0131k\u0131 temas halinde olup aralar\u0131nda plevra bo\u015flu\u011fu bulunur. Her akci\u011ferin ayr\u0131 bir plevras\u0131 oldu\u011fundan ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde her bir akci\u011ferin etraf\u0131nda ayr\u0131 bir plevra bo\u015flu\u011fu bulunur. Bu bo\u015flukta akci\u011ferlerin hareketini kolayla\u015ft\u0131ran bir s\u0131v\u0131 vard\u0131r. Plevran\u0131n g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs bo\u015flu\u011funu \u00f6rten parictal yapra\u011f\u0131 ,\u00fczerini \u00f6rtt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc b\u00f6lgelere g\u00f6re isim al\u0131r.\u0130nce ve saydam olan visceral yaprak ise akci\u011ferlere s\u0131k\u0131ca yap\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Hatta bu yaprak lopcuklar aras\u0131ndaki h\u00fccresel doku ile de irtibattad\u0131r.Visceral plevran\u0131n serbest olan d\u0131\u015f y\u00fczeyi parietal ile temas halinde olup parlak ,d\u00fczg\u00fcn ve kaypakt\u0131r. Akci\u011ferlerin her bir lopu alt\u0131gen piramit \u015feklinde 1cm3 hacminde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck lopcuklara ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Lopcuklar\u0131n baz\u0131lar\u0131 akci\u011ferin y\u00fczeyinde,baz\u0131lar\u0131 ise derinli\u011findedir.Y\u00fczeyde olanlar piramit \u015feklinde olup tabanlar\u0131 akci\u011ferlerin y\u00fczeyinde \u00e7ok k\u00f6\u015feli olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.Tepeleri ise hilusa do\u011frudur.Derinde olan lopcuklar\u0131n \u015fekilleri de\u011fi\u015fiktir.Her bir lopcuk k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na bir akci\u011ferciktir. Lopcuklar\u0131n,\u00fcz\u00fcm salk\u0131m\u0131na benzeyen hava keselerine(acinus) ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.Hava keseleri de amp\u00fcl \u015feklinde keseciklere ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.B\u00fct\u00fcn lopcuklar birbiri \u00fczerine d\u00fczensiz bir \u015fekilde y\u0131\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.Yaln\u0131z bunlar\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131ran esnek bir kat\u0131lgan doku mevcuttur.Yani,her lopcuk kan damarlar\u0131 ve bron\u015flar\u0131n kollar\u0131 ile sinirlerden yap\u0131l\u0131 kat\u0131lgan bir doku ile \u00e7evrilidir.Lopcuklar\u0131n i\u00e7erisine giren bron\u015f kollar\u0131 50-60kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kollara ayr\u0131l\u0131r.\u00c7aplar\u0131 1\/10mmolan bu kollara bron\u015fcuk ad\u0131 verilir. Bron\u015fcuklar\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131nda da bron\u015flarda oldu\u011fu gibi iki tabaka bulunur.Bunlardan biri, yine k\u0131k\u0131rdak ,kas ve zardan yap\u0131l\u0131 olan i\u00e7 tabakad\u0131r.D\u0131\u015f tabakada bulunan ve tam olmayan k\u0131k\u0131rdakc\u0131klar\u0131n ars\u0131nda fibroz bir lam vard\u0131r.Bron\u015fcuklardaki k\u0131k\u0131rdaklar plaklar,halinde ve geli\u015fi g\u00fczel durumdad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Akci\u011ferler g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs bo\u015flu\u011funda y\u00fcre\u011fin sa\u011f ve solunda az \u00e7ok piramit \u015feklinde olan solunum organlar\u0131d\u0131r. Taban k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 diyafram\u0131n \u00fczerine oturmu\u015ftur. G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs \u00e7eperine bakan y\u00fczeyleri d\u0131\u015f b\u00fckey, y\u00fcre\u011fe bakan i\u00e7 y\u00fczeyleri ise i\u00e7 b\u00fckeydir. Akci\u011ferlerin d\u0131\u015f y\u00fczeyi d\u00fczg\u00fcn ve parlak olup bu parlakl\u0131k akci\u011ferleri \u00f6rten palevran\u0131n visceral yapra\u011f\u0131ndand\u0131r. Rengi, yeni do\u011fmu\u015f \u00e7ocuklarda esmer-k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, gen\u00e7lerde pembe, ergin ve …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[6076,6073,6075,4501,6074],"class_list":["post-2400","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-acinus","tag-akcigerlerin-yapisi","tag-bronscuklar","tag-pigment","tag-plevra"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2400","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2400"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2400\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2400"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2400"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2400"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}