Edinilmi\u015f ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemi ya da Edinilmi\u015f ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k y\u00fcksek oranda \u00f6zelle\u015fmi\u015f b\u00fct\u00fcn sisteme etki edebilen h\u00fccreler ve patojenik m\u00fccadeleleri ortaya \u00e7\u0131karan s\u00fcre\u00e7lerle d\u00fczenlenen ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemi \u00e7e\u015fididir.
\n \u0130lk olarak Gnathostomata’da ula\u015f\u0131lan edinilmi\u015f ya da spesifik ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminin non spesifik ve evrimsel olarak daha eski olan (nerdeyse b\u00fct\u00fcn yarat\u0131klarda ya\u015fayan patojenlere kar\u015f\u0131 ev sahibinin kendini savunmas\u0131nda temel sistem olan) do\u011fu\u015ftan gelen ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemiyle aktive edildi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Edinilmi\u015f ya da spesifik ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminin yan\u0131t\u0131 omurgal\u0131lar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminde spesifik patojenleri tan\u0131may\u0131 ve hat\u0131rlamay\u0131 (ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olu\u015fturur) ve patojenlere kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 her zaman daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Edinilmi\u015f ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sonradan kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemidir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc v\u00fccudun ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemi gelecek sald\u0131r\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 kendini herzaman haz\u0131rlar.
\n Sistem somatik hipermutasyon (h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f somatik h\u00fccre mutasyonlar\u0131) ve VDJ rekombinasyonlar\u0131 (antijen resept\u00f6r gen segmentlerinin geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcs\u00fcz genetik mutasyonlar\u0131) y\u00fcz\u00fcnden y\u00fcksek oranda uyum sa\u011flama yetene\u011findedir. Bu mekanizma genlerin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n her bireysel lenfositte benzersiz olarak ifade edilen \u00e7ok say\u0131da farkl\u0131 antijen resept\u00f6rleri \u00fcretilmesine izin verir.
\n \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc gen d\u00fczenlenmesi her h\u00fccrede geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcms\u00fcz DNA de\u011fi\u015fikliklerine b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00f6llerin h\u00fccrelerinde ayn\u0131 resept\u00f6r\u00fcn \u00f6zelli\u011fini kodlayan genlerin kal\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131na uzun s\u00fcreli spesifik ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131kta anahtar rol oynayan bellek B h\u00fccreleri ve bellek T h\u00fccreleri ile rehberlik eder.<\/p>\n
Konu Ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015flevleri
\nEtkili h\u00fccreler
\nAntijen sunumu
\n3.1 Eksojen antijenler
\n3.2 Endojen antijenler
\nT lenfositler
\n4.1 CD8+ T lenfositler ve sitotoksisite
\n4.2 CD4+ yard\u0131mc\u0131 T h\u00fccreleri
\n4.2.1 Th1 ve Th2: Yard\u0131mc\u0131 T h\u00fccresi yan\u0131tlar\u0131
\n4.3 \u03b3\u03b4 T h\u00fccreleri
\nB lenfositler ve antikor \u00fcretimi
\nAlternatif edinilmi\u015f ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemi
\nBa\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k belle\u011fi
\n7.1 Pasif bellek
\n7.2 Aktif bellek
\n7.2.1 Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131klama
\nBa\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi
\nGebelik s\u0131ras\u0131nda edinilmi\u015f ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015flevleri
\n Edinilmi\u015f ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k omurgal\u0131larda bir patojen do\u011fal ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131ktan ka\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve antijen basamaklar\u0131ndan birini \u00fcretmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tetiklenir.
\n Edinilmi\u015f ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminin ana i\u015flevleri \u015f\u00f6yledir:
\nAntijen sunumu s\u0131ras\u0131nda spesifik “kendinden-olmayan” antijenleri tan\u0131ma
\nSpesifik patojenleri ya da patojenle enfekte olmu\u015f h\u00fccreleri en fazla \u00e7\u0131karanlara uygulanan yan\u0131tlar\u0131n \u00fcretilmesi
\nHer patojenin bir antijen imzas\u0131yla hat\u0131rlamas\u0131 \u015feklindeki ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k belle\u011finin geli\u015fmesi. Bu bellek h\u00fccreleri sonradan olu\u015fan enfeksiyonlar g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde patojeni ihra\u00e7 etmeye h\u0131zl\u0131ca \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131labilirler.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Edinilmi\u015f ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemi ya da Edinilmi\u015f ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k y\u00fcksek oranda \u00f6zelle\u015fmi\u015f b\u00fct\u00fcn sisteme etki edebilen h\u00fccreler ve patojenik m\u00fccadeleleri ortaya \u00e7\u0131karan s\u00fcre\u00e7lerle d\u00fczenlenen ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemi \u00e7e\u015fididir. \u0130lk olarak Gnathostomata’da ula\u015f\u0131lan edinilmi\u015f ya da spesifik ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminin non spesifik ve evrimsel olarak daha eski olan (nerdeyse b\u00fct\u00fcn yarat\u0131klarda ya\u015fayan patojenlere kar\u015f\u0131 ev sahibinin kendini savunmas\u0131nda temel sistem …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[3045,6533,6534,6535,6009,3451,5691],"class_list":["post-2645","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-antijen","tag-edinilmis-bagisiklik","tag-eksojen-antijenler","tag-endojen-antijenler","tag-lenfositler","tag-mutasyon","tag-patojen"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2645","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2645"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2645\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2645"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2645"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2645"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}