Fizikte bak\u0131\u015f\u0131m, fizik sistemi betimleyen temel de\u011fi\u015fmezlik’lerle ilgilidir. Fiziksel sistem matematik modeller kullan\u0131larak betimlenir ve modellerden en ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olan\u0131 kuram stat\u00fcs\u00fcne ula\u015f\u0131r. Fizikte ve di\u011fer bilimlerde modelin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 modelin \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fc \u00fcretebilme kapasitesiyle ve bu \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclerin deneylerle do\u011frulanmas\u0131yla \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00c7o\u011fu zaman fizik modelin de\u011fi\u015fik matematik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm’ler alt\u0131nda nas\u0131l davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131 incelenir. E\u011fer bir matematik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm sonucunda modelin betimledi\u011fi fizik sistem de\u011fi\u015fmiyorsa o d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmle ilgili bir bak\u0131\u015f\u0131m (symmetry) oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenir. Modellerin do\u011fruluklar\u0131 deneylerden \u00f6nce bu \u015fekilde test edilir. E\u011fer fizik modeli daha karma\u015f\u0131k sistemleri betimliyorsa ya da kuantum fizi\u011finde oldu\u011fu gibi do\u011frudan g\u00f6zlem yapam\u0131yaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z nicelikleri a\u00e7\u0131klayabilmek i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f ise bu karma\u015f\u0131k modelin i\u00e7inde matematiksel olarak var olan bak\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 zaman al\u0131r ve kuramsal fizik\u00e7iler \u00f6nce bu bak\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Karma\u015f\u0131k modelin daha \u00f6nce farkedilmeyen bir bak\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 bulundu\u011funda yeni bir korunum kanunu \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor demektir. Bazen yeni bak\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar yeni par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret eder. Grup kuram\u0131 bak\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 sistematik ve matematiksel olarak inceler.<\/p>\n
\u00d6rnekler
\nK\u00fcresel Bak\u0131\u015f\u0131m
\n Y\u00fczeyi p\u00fcr\u00fczs\u00fcz k\u00fcresel bir k\u00fctle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnelim, bu k\u00fcreyi ka\u00e7 derece d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcrsek d\u00f6nd\u00fcrelim k\u00fcrenin fizi\u011fi de\u011fi\u015fmez, di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle k\u00fcresel bak\u0131\u015f\u0131m vard\u0131r. K\u00fcreyi d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek yerine koordinatlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirebiliriz yani kendimiz k\u00fcrenin etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nebiliriz ama k\u00fcrenin k\u00fctlesi ve di\u011fer fiziki \u00f6zellikleri de\u011fi\u015fmez. Bu k\u00fcrenin fizi\u011fini anlatan modelinde ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde rotasyon d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm alt\u0131nda ayn\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fmezlere ula\u015fmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu k\u00fcre uzayda bir k\u00fctle olsun. Merkezi k\u00fctlenin merkezi ile bir olan yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131 da k\u00fctlenin yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck hayali bir k\u00fcresel y\u00fczey d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnelim. Bu hayali k\u00fcresel y\u00fczeyin her noktas\u0131nda yer\u00e7ekim kuvvetinin g\u00fcc\u00fc (genligi) ayn\u0131d\u0131r. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle Newton modelinde yer\u00e7ekimi kuvvet alan\u0131nda k\u00fcresel bak\u0131\u015f\u0131m vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Silindirik Bak\u0131\u015f\u0131m
\n D\u00fcz \u00e7izgi \u015feklinde ince ve sonsuz uzunlukta bir bak\u0131r tel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnelim. Bu telden elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131 ge\u00e7ti\u011finde o telin etraf\u0131nda manyetik alan olu\u015fur. Bu manyetik alan bir vektor alan’d\u0131r ve kuvvet vekt\u00f6r\u00fc her noktada o noktadan ge\u00e7en bir dairenin tanjant vekt\u00f6r\u00fcyle ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ndedir (sa\u011f el kural\u0131). Bu kuvvet vekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00fcc\u00fc (genli\u011fi) s\u00f6z konusu daire \u00fczerinde her noktada ayn\u0131d\u0131r. Telin t\u00fcm uzunlu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrsek bu dairelerin yanyana dizilmesiyle bir silindir olu\u015fur. Bu silindir \u00fczerindeki her noktada manyetik kuvvetin genli\u011fi ayn\u0131d\u0131r. Silindirik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm alt\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fmezli\u011fe silindirik bak\u0131\u015f\u0131m denir.<\/p>\n
Yans\u0131ma Bak\u0131\u015f\u0131m
\n \u0130ki boyutlu bir uzayda yani bir d\u00fczlemde iki e\u015fit k\u00fctle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnelim. Bu iki k\u00fctle koordinat sisteminin merkezinden ba\u015flay\u0131p aksi y\u00f6nlerde X-koordinat\u0131 \u00fczerinde sabit h\u0131zla hareket etsinler. Y-koordinat eksenini bir ayna olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliriz ve yans\u0131ma d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm’\u00fc sistemi olu\u015fturan t\u00fcm noktalar\u0131n X-koordinatlar\u0131n\u0131n x de\u011ferinden -x de\u011ferine ayn\u0131 anda de\u011fi\u015fmesi olarak tan\u0131mlayabiliriz. Yans\u0131ma d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc alt\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fmeyen sistemde yans\u0131ma bak\u0131\u015f\u0131m’ var denir. E\u011fer k\u00fctleler e\u015fit olmasayd\u0131 yans\u0131ma bak\u0131\u015f\u0131m bozulmu\u015f olurdu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Fizikte bak\u0131\u015f\u0131m, fizik sistemi betimleyen temel de\u011fi\u015fmezlik’lerle ilgilidir. Fiziksel sistem matematik modeller kullan\u0131larak betimlenir ve modellerden en ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olan\u0131 kuram stat\u00fcs\u00fcne ula\u015f\u0131r. Fizikte ve di\u011fer bilimlerde modelin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 modelin \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fc \u00fcretebilme kapasitesiyle ve bu \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclerin deneylerle do\u011frulanmas\u0131yla \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00c7o\u011fu zaman fizik modelin de\u011fi\u015fik matematik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm’ler alt\u0131nda nas\u0131l davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131 incelenir. E\u011fer bir matematik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm sonucunda modelin …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[7125,3579,7126,7127,3424,2160,7128],"class_list":["post-2966","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-bakisim","tag-elektrik-akimi","tag-fizikte-bakisim","tag-kuresel-bakisim","tag-matematik","tag-newton","tag-rotasyon"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2966","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2966"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2966\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2966"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2966"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2966"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}