TEMEL KAVRAMLAR <\/p>\n
A. SAYI
\n 1. Rakam
\n Say\u0131lar\u0131 yazmaya yarayan sembollere rakam denir.
\n *
\n 2. Say\u0131
\n Rakamlar\u0131n \u00e7okluk belirten ifadesine say\u0131 denir.
\n \u00dc\u00e7 basamakl\u0131 abc say\u0131s\u0131 a, b, c rakamlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fmu\u015ftur.
\n *<\/p>\n
Her rakam bir say\u0131d\u0131r. Fakat her say\u0131 bir rakam olmayabilir.
\n *
\n B. SAYI K\u00dcMELER\u0130
\n 1. Sayma Say\u0131lar\u0131
\n {1, 2, 3, 4, … , n , …} k\u00fcmesinin her bir eleman\u0131na sayma say\u0131s\u0131 denir.
\n *
\n 2. Do\u011fal Say\u0131lar
\n ={0, 1, 2, 3, 4, … , n , …} k\u00fcmesinin her bir eleman\u0131na do\u011fal say\u0131 denir.
\n *
\n 3. Pozitif Do\u011fal Say\u0131lar
\n = {1, 2, 3, 4, … , n , …} k\u00fcmesinin her bir eleman\u0131na pozitif do\u011fal say\u0131 denir.
\n *<\/p>\n
Pozitif do\u011fal say\u0131lar k\u00fcmesi, sayma say\u0131lar\u0131 k\u00fcmesine e\u015fittir.
\n *
\n 4. Tam Say\u0131lar
\n = {… , \u2013 n , … \u2013 3, \u2013 2, \u2013 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, … , n , …} k\u00fcmesinin her bir eleman\u0131na tam say\u0131 denir.
\n Tam say\u0131lar k\u00fcmesi; negatif tam say\u0131lar k\u00fcmesi: , pozitif tam say\u0131lar k\u00fcmesi: ve s\u0131f\u0131r\u0131 eleman kabul eden: {0} k\u00fcmenin birle\u015fim k\u00fcmesidir.
\n Buna g\u00f6re,
\n *
\n 5. Rasyonal Say\u0131lar
\n a ve b birer tam say\u0131 ve b \u00b9 0 olmak ko\u015fuluyla bi\u00e7iminde yaz\u0131labilen say\u0131lara rasyonel say\u0131lar denir.
\n bi\u00e7iminde g\u00f6sterilir.
\n *
\n 6. \u0130rrasyonel Say\u0131lar
\n Virg\u00fclden sonraki k\u0131sm\u0131 tahmin edilemeyen say\u0131lara irrasyonel say\u0131lar denir.
\n bi\u00e7iminde yaz\u0131lamayan say\u0131lar: a, b \u00ce ve b \u00b9 0} bi\u00e7iminde g\u00f6sterilir.
\n *<\/p>\n
Hem rasyonel hem de irrasyonel olan bir say\u0131 yoktur.
\n * <\/p>\n
say\u0131lar\u0131 birer irrasyonel say\u0131d\u0131r.
\n *
\n 7. Reel (Ger\u00e7el) Say\u0131lar
\n Rasyonel say\u0131lar k\u00fcmesiyle irrasyonel say\u0131lar k\u00fcmesinin birle\u015fimi olan k\u00fcmeye reel (ger\u00e7el) say\u0131lar k\u00fcmesi denir.
\n bi\u00e7iminde g\u00f6sterilir.
\n *
\n 8. Karma\u015f\u0131k (Kompleks) Say\u0131lar
\n k\u00fcmesinin her bir eleman\u0131na karma\u015f\u0131k say\u0131 denir.
\n *
\n C. SAYI \u00c7E\u015e\u0130TLER\u0130
\n 1. \u00c7ift Say\u0131
\n olmak ko\u015fuluyla 2n ifadesi ile belirtilen tam say\u0131lara \u00e7ift say\u0131 denir.
\n \u00c7 = {… , \u2013 2n , … , \u2013 4, \u2013 2, 0, 2, 4, … , 2n , …}
\n bi\u00e7iminde g\u00f6sterilir.
\n *
\n 2. Tek Say\u0131
\n olmak ko\u015fuluyla 2n + 1 ifadesi ile belirtilen tam say\u0131lara tek say\u0131 denir.
\n T = {… , \u2013 (2n + 1), … , \u20133, \u20131, 1, 3, … , (2n + 1), …} bi\u00e7iminde g\u00f6sterilir.
\n T : Tek say\u0131
\n \u00c7 : \u00c7ift say\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6stersin.<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lme i\u015flemi i\u00e7in yukar\u0131daki bi\u00e7imde bir genelleme yap\u0131lamaz.
\n *
\n \u2022 Tek say\u0131lar ve \u00e7ift say\u0131lar tam say\u0131lardan olu\u015fur.
\n \u2022 Hem tek hem de \u00e7ift olan bir say\u0131 yoktur.
\n \u2022 S\u0131f\u0131r (0) \u00e7ift say\u0131d\u0131r.
\n *
\n 3. Pozitif Say\u0131lar, Negatif Say\u0131lar
\n S\u0131f\u0131rdan b\u00fcy\u00fck her reel (ger\u00e7el) say\u0131ya pozitif say\u0131, s\u0131f\u0131rdan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck her reel (ger\u00e7el) say\u0131ya negatif say\u0131 denir.
\n *
\n \u00dc a < b < 0 < c < d olmak \u00fczere,\n \u2022** a, b birer negatif say\u0131d\u0131r.\n \u2022** c, d birer pozitif say\u0131d\u0131r.\n \u2022** \u0130ki pozitif say\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131 pozitiftir. (c + d > 0)
\n \u2022** \u0130ki negatif say\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131 negatiftir. (a + b < 0)\n \u2022** \u00c7\u0131karma i\u015fleminde eksilen \u00e7\u0131kandan b\u00fcy\u00fck ise sonu\u00e7 (fark) pozitif, eksilen \u00e7\u0131kandan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ise fark negatif olur. \n **** m \u2013 n ifadesinde m eksilen, n \u00e7\u0131kand\u0131r.\n \u2022** Z\u0131t i\u015faretli iki say\u0131y\u0131 toplamak i\u00e7in; i\u015faretine bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck say\u0131dan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck say\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r ve b\u00fcy\u00fck say\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fareti sonuca verilir.\n \u2022** Ayn\u0131 i\u015faretli iki say\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131 (ya da b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc) pozitiftir.\n \u2022** Z\u0131t i\u015faretli iki say\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131; negatif, pozitif veya s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r.\n \u2022** Z\u0131t i\u015faretli iki say\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131 (ya da b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc) negatiftir.\n \u2022** Pozitif say\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn kuvvetleri pozitiftir.\n \u2022** Negatif say\u0131n\u0131n tek kuvvetleri negatif, \u00e7ift kuvvetleri pozitiftir.\n * \n 4. Asal Say\u0131\n Kendisinden ve 1 den ba\u015fka pozitif tam say\u0131lara tam b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeyen 1 den b\u00fcy\u00fck do\u011fal say\u0131lara asal say\u0131 denir.\n 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23 say\u0131lar\u0131 birer asal say\u0131d\u0131r.\n \u2022* En k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck asal say\u0131 2 dir. 2 den ba\u015fka \u00e7ift asal say\u0131 yoktur.\n \u2022* Asal say\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131 asal de\u011fildir.\n * \n 5. Aralar\u0131nda Asal\n Ortak b\u00f6lenlerinin en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 1 olan tam say\u0131lara aralar\u0131nda asal say\u0131lar denir.\n a ile b aralar\u0131nda asal ise, oran\u0131 en sade bi\u00e7imdedir.\n * \n D. ARDI\u015eIK SAYILAR\n Belirli bir kurala g\u00f6re art arda gelen say\u0131 dizilerine ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k say\u0131lar denir.\n * \n \u00dc* n bir tam say\u0131 olmak \u00fczere,\n \u2022** Ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k d\u00f6rt tam say\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131yla;\n **** n, n + 1, n + 2, n + 3 t\u00fcr.\n \u2022** Ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k d\u00f6rt \u00e7ift say\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131yla;\n **** 2n, 2n + 2, 2n + 4, 2n + 6 d\u0131r.\n \u2022** Ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k d\u00f6rt tek say\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131yla;\n **** 2n + 1, 2n + 3, 2n + 5, 2n + 7 dir.\n \u2022** \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcn kat\u0131 olan ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k d\u00f6rt tam say\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131yla;\n **** 3n, 3n + 3, 3n + 6, 3n + 9 dur.\n * \n Ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k Say\u0131lar\u0131n Toplam\u0131\n n* bir sayma say\u0131s\u0131 olmak \u00fczere,\n \u2022* Ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k sayma say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131\n *** \n \u2022** Ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k \u00e7ift do\u011fal say\u0131lar\u0131n toplam\u0131\n **** 2 + 4 + 6 + ... + (2n) = n(n + 1)\n \u2022** Ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k tek do\u011fal say\u0131lar\u0131n toplam\u0131\n **** 1 + 3 + 5 + ... + (2n \u2013 1) = n2\n * \n \u2022** Art\u0131\u015f miktar\u0131 e\u015fit olan ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k tam say\u0131lar\u0131n toplam\u0131\n **** r : \u0130lk terim\n *** n : Son terim\n *** x : Art\u0131\u015f miktar\u0131 olmak \u00fczere,..\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
TEMEL KAVRAMLAR A. SAYI 1. Rakam Say\u0131lar\u0131 yazmaya yarayan sembollere rakam denir. * 2. Say\u0131 Rakamlar\u0131n \u00e7okluk belirten ifadesine say\u0131 denir. \u00dc\u00e7 basamakl\u0131 abc say\u0131s\u0131 a, b, c rakamlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. * Her rakam bir say\u0131d\u0131r. Fakat her say\u0131 bir rakam olmayabilir. * B. SAYI K\u00dcMELER\u0130 1. Sayma Say\u0131lar\u0131 {1, 2, 3, 4, … , n …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1404,1403],"tags":[7431,7430,7428,7385,7388,7355,7427,7425,7426,7429,7424],"class_list":["post-3189","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-matematik-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-aralarinda-asal","tag-asal-sayi","tag-cift-sayi","tag-dogal-sayilar","tag-irrasyonel-sayilar","tag-rakam","tag-rasyonal-sayilar","tag-sayma-sayilari","tag-tam-sayilar","tag-tek-sayi","tag-temel-kavramlar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3189","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3189"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3189\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3189"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3189"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3189"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}