\u00c7evremizdeki cisimleri sahip oldu\u011fumuz be\u015f duyu organ\u0131m\u0131zla tan\u0131y\u0131p alg\u0131lamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r\u0131z.Bu organlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n en \u00f6nemlilerinden biriside g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fczd\u00fcr.\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc etraf\u0131m\u0131zda meydana gelen bir \u00e7ok \u015feyi g\u00f6rerek tan\u0131r ve onlar hakk\u0131nda fikir ediniriz.G\u00f6rme olay\u0131 ise tamamen \u0131\u015f\u0131kla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.Etraf\u0131m\u0131zdaki cisimlerden bir k\u0131sm\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k yayarak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrler. (g\u00fcne\u015f, y\u0131ld\u0131zlar, yanan kibrit, lamba vs.) Ayr\u0131ca \u0131\u015f\u0131k yaymad\u0131klar\u0131 halde \u0131\u015f\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131ndan yay\u0131lan \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 yans\u0131tarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnen cisimlerde vard\u0131r.(\u00e7i\u00e7ekler, ev, masa, vs.) \u0130\u015fte cisimleri g\u00f6rmemizi sa\u011flayan, g\u00f6ze gelerek bize alg\u0131latan enerjiye I\u015eIK diyoruz.<\/p>\n
I\u015f\u0131k Kaynaklar\u0131<\/p>\n
Hangi ortamda olursa olsun, gece ve g\u00fcnd\u00fcz kendili\u011finden \u0131\u015f\u0131k yayarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen cisimlere I\u015f\u0131k Kayna\u011f\u0131 denir.I\u015f\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131, yap\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re s\u0131cak(akkor) \u0131\u015f\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131 ve so\u011fuk (akkor olmayan) \u0131\u015f\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131 olmak \u00fczere ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
S\u0131cak \u0131\u015f\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131, \u0131s\u0131 yoluyla \u0131\u015f\u0131k yayan (G\u00fcne\u015f, mum, ampul ve k\u0131zg\u0131n metaller gibi) kaynaklard\u0131r.So\u011fuk \u0131\u015f\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131 ise, elektrik ve manyetik etkilerle \u0131\u015f\u0131k veren (Flouresan, ate\u015f b\u00f6ce\u011fi gibi kaynaklard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00dczerine d\u00fc\u015fen \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7irip ge\u00e7irmemelerine g\u00f6re maddeler \u00fc\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mda incelenir.\u00dczerlerine d\u00fc\u015fen \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 tamam\u0131yla ge\u00e7irebilen, cam, su ve hava gibi maddelere saydam maddeler denir.\u00dczerlerine d\u00fc\u015fen \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7iren maddelere yar\u0131 saydam madde denir.Buzlu cam, ya\u011fl\u0131 ka\u011f\u0131t gibi ortamlar da yar\u0131 saydam maddelerdir.Bir de \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 hi\u00e7 ge\u00e7irmeyen bak\u0131r, kitap, duvar gibi maddeler vard\u0131r ki, bunlara saydam olmayan maddeler denir.<\/p>\n
I\u015f\u0131k Nas\u0131l Yay\u0131l\u0131r ?<\/p>\n
I\u015f\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131ndan yay\u0131lan \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar homojen ortam i\u00e7erisinde do\u011fru boyunca ilerler.I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilerlemesi i\u00e7in ortama ihtiya\u00e7 yoktur.I\u015f\u0131k homojen saydam ortam i\u00e7erisinde sabit h\u0131zla yay\u0131l\u0131r ve \u0131\u015f\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131 ortama g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir.I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n bo\u015flukta yay\u0131lma h\u0131z\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak c=3.108m\/s ve \u0131\u015f\u0131k \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n bir y\u0131lda gittikleri 9,46.1012km uzakl\u0131\u011fa bir \u0131\u015f\u0131k y\u0131l\u0131 denir.<\/p>\n
Tam G\u00f6lge – Yar\u0131 G\u00f6lge<\/p>\n
Kaynaklardan yay\u0131lan \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar, ortamda ilerlerken saydam olmayan cisimler \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015ferlerse, cisimleri ge\u00e7emediklerinden dolay\u0131, cisimlerin arka taraf\u0131nda karanl\u0131k b\u00f6lgeler olu\u015fur.Meydana gelen bu karanl\u0131k b\u00f6lgeye g\u00f6lge denir.G\u00f6lgenin \u015fekli, saydam olmayan cismin \u015feklinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck kesiti gibidir.Bunun sebebi, noktasal \u0131\u015f\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n do\u011frusal olarak yay\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.Kare, k\u00fcp \u015feklindeki cisimlerin g\u00f6lgesi kare; daire ve k\u00fcre \u015feklindeki cisimlerin g\u00f6lgeleri de \u015fekildeki gibi dairesel olur.<\/p>\n
Ay ve G\u00fcne\u015f Tutulmas\u0131<\/p>\n
\u00dczerinde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z d\u00fcnya, g\u00fcne\u015f ve kendi ekseni etraf\u0131nda olmak \u00fczere iki t\u00fcrl\u00fc d\u00f6nme hareketi yapar.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnyan\u0131n, kendi etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nmesi ile gece ve g\u00fcnd\u00fczler, g\u00fcne\u015f etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nmesi ile de mevsimler olu\u015fur.D\u00fcnyan\u0131n bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc s\u0131ras\u0131nda kutuplar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en eksen d\u00f6nme ekseni ile 23o27\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131 yapacak \u015fekilde olur.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya, g\u00fcne\u015f etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nerken ay ile g\u00fcne\u015f aras\u0131na girdi\u011finde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00f6lgesi, ay \u00fczerine g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n gelmesini engeller.G\u00fcne\u015ften \u0131\u015f\u0131k alamayan ay g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez.Bu olaya ay tutulmas\u0131 denir.<\/p>\n
D\u00dcZLEM AYNALAR
\n Yans\u0131ma:
\n Saydam ortamda hareket eden \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n herhangi bir y\u00fczeye \u00e7arp\u0131p geri d\u00f6nmesine Yans\u0131ma denir.Yans\u0131ma olay\u0131nda \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n h\u0131z\u0131, frekans\u0131, rengi vs. hi\u00e7bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi de\u011fi\u015fmez.Sadece hareket y\u00f6n\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/p>\n
Bir y\u00fczeyle 90 derecelik a\u00e7\u0131 yapan dikmeye y\u00fczeyin normali denir.Gelen \u0131\u015f\u0131nla normal aras\u0131ndaki a\u00e7\u0131ya gelme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 (a), yans\u0131yan \u0131\u015f\u0131nla normal aras\u0131ndaki a\u00e7\u0131ya yans\u0131ma a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 (b) denir.<\/p>\n
Yans\u0131man\u0131n 2 yasas\u0131 vard\u0131r:
\n 1-) Gelen \u0131\u015f\u0131n, normal ve yans\u0131yan \u0131\u015f\u0131n ayn\u0131 d\u00fczlemdedir.
\n 2-) Gelme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 yans\u0131ma a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na e\u015fittir.<\/p>\n
Y\u00fczeye gelen \u0131\u015f\u0131n demeti, y\u00fczeyden de paralel olarak yans\u0131yorsa bu yans\u0131maya d\u00fczg\u00fcn yans\u0131ma denir.
\n Y\u00fczeye gelen \u0131\u015f\u0131n demeti, y\u00fczeyden paralel olarak yans\u0131m\u0131yorsa bu yans\u0131maya da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k yans\u0131ma denir.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc Olu\u015fumu:<\/p>\n
Herhangi bir cismi g\u00f6rebilmek i\u00e7in, cisimden yay\u0131lan \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n g\u00f6ze gelmesi gerekir.Cisimden \u00e7\u0131kan \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar do\u011frudan g\u00f6ze gelirse cisim g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.E\u011fer cisimden \u00e7\u0131kan \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar, yans\u0131ma veya k\u0131r\u0131lma sonucu g\u00f6ze gelirse alg\u0131lanan \u015fey cismin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc olur.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00d6zellikleri
\n 1-) Noktasal bir cismin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn olu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in en az iki \u0131\u015f\u0131n gereklidir.
\n 2-) Cisimden \u00e7\u0131kan \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar (ayna,mercek) optik sistemlerde yans\u0131d\u0131ktan sonra kesi\u015ftikleri yerde g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri olu\u015fur.
\n 3-) Yans\u0131yan veya k\u0131r\u0131lan \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n kendileri kesi\u015firse g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc ger\u00e7ek, uzant\u0131lar\u0131 kesi\u015firse g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc zahiri(sanal) olur.
\n 4-) Ger\u00e7ek g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler ancak perde ya da ekran \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrler.Zahiri g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler ise optik ara\u00e7larda g\u00f6r\u00fcnen g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerdir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00c7evremizdeki cisimleri sahip oldu\u011fumuz be\u015f duyu organ\u0131m\u0131zla tan\u0131y\u0131p alg\u0131lamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r\u0131z.Bu organlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n en \u00f6nemlilerinden biriside g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fczd\u00fcr.\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc etraf\u0131m\u0131zda meydana gelen bir \u00e7ok \u015feyi g\u00f6rerek tan\u0131r ve onlar hakk\u0131nda fikir ediniriz.G\u00f6rme olay\u0131 ise tamamen \u0131\u015f\u0131kla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.Etraf\u0131m\u0131zdaki cisimlerden bir k\u0131sm\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k yayarak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrler. (g\u00fcne\u015f, y\u0131ld\u0131zlar, yanan kibrit, lamba vs.) Ayr\u0131ca \u0131\u015f\u0131k yaymad\u0131klar\u0131 halde \u0131\u015f\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131ndan yay\u0131lan \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 yans\u0131tarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnen …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[7526,7078,7079,7525,7080,7082,7081],"class_list":["post-3263","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-ay-ve-gunes-tutulmasi","tag-isik-kaynaklari","tag-isik-nasil-yayilir","tag-isik-nedir-nasil-yayilir","tag-tam-golge","tag-yansima","tag-yari-golge"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3263","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3263"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3263\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3263"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3263"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3263"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}