RNA <\/p>\n
Eukoryatik h\u00fccrelerde nukleus , mitekondri , kloroplast , ribozom , sitoplazmada bulunur. Prokaryotik h\u00fccrelerde ise ribozom ve sitoplazmada bulunur.. Yap\u0131ta\u015flar\u0131 Adenin ,Guanin ,Urasil ve Sitozin\u2019 dir. <\/p>\n
H\u00fccrelerde yap\u0131 ve \u00f6zellik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan 3 tip RNA vard\u0131r
\n1-m-RNA \u2018n\u0131n \u00d6zellikleri
\nDNA \u00fczerinde sentezlenir. Sentezine kal\u0131p \u00f6devi sadece tek zincir yapar di\u011feri tamamlay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.
\nTek zincirdir. D\u00fcz zincir halindedir.
\nAnlaml\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc nucleotid dizisine kodon denir.
\nYap\u0131s\u0131ndaki kodon say\u0131s\u0131 en az sentezlenecek proteindeki aminoasit say\u0131s\u0131 kadard\u0131r.
\nNOT : Alyuvarlarda DNA olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00f6netici molek\u00fcl rol\u00fcn\u00fc sentezlenmi\u015f RNA\u2019 lar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr. Ayr\u0131ca baz\u0131 y\u00f6netici molek\u00fcl ve kal\u0131tsal bilgileri ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 molek\u00fcl RNA\u2019 d\u0131r.
\n NOT : m-RNA\u2019 n\u0131n okunmas\u0131 evrenseldir. Hayvansal protein sentezinde g\u00f6rev alan bir m-RNA bitki h\u00fccresine konursa yine hayvansal protein sentezler.
\nm-RNA belirli bir protein sentezi i\u00e7in \u00f6zelle\u015fmi\u015ftir.
\nm-RNA ayn\u0131 tip proteinin sentezinde defalarca kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130htiya\u00e7 bitince nucleotidlerde y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131r.
\nRNA \u00e7e\u015fitleri i\u00e7inde oran olarak en az olan\u0131d\u0131r. %5
\nYap\u0131 \u00f6zellikleri evrenseldir. Okunmas\u0131 da evrenseldir. (Transkripsiyon ve Translasyon)
\nNucleotid dizilimi genin tersi tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 dizinin ayn\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. (Timin yerine Urasil bulunur.)
\nSentezlenen m-RNA da gen b\u00f6lgesinin \u00bd kadar nucleotit bulunur.
\nOkunmas\u0131 AUG veya GUG ile ba\u015flar UAA , UAG , UGA kodon lar\u0131 ile sonlan\u0131r .
\nBaz\u0131 vir\u00fcslerde kal\u0131tsal bilginin saklanmas\u0131 ve yeni nesillere ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar .
\nH\u00fccrelerde o an i\u00e7in var olan m-RNA \u00e7e\u015fit say\u0131s\u0131
\nH\u00fccre Karakteri
\nAktif Gen Say\u0131s\u0131
\nSentezlenecek Protein \u00c7e\u015fit Say\u0131s\u0131 na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.
\nBir t\u00fcr\u00fcn farkl\u0131 h\u00fccrelerinde var olan m-RNA \u00e7e\u015fit say\u0131s\u0131 farkl\u0131d\u0131r.
\nKal\u0131tsal bilgi (Sentezlenecek proteindeki a .a . say\u0131s\u0131 , \u00e7e\u015fidi , yeri , s\u0131ralan\u0131\u015f\u0131) m-RNA\u2019 da ki nucleotit dizili\u015fine g\u00f6re belirlenir.
\nKal\u0131tsal bilginin h\u00fccrede kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 m-RNA arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.DNA \u2018n\u0131n anlaml\u0131 nucleotit dizisi (Gen) den ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fifreye uygun olarak protein sentezine kal\u0131pl\u0131k eder.
\nYap\u0131s\u0131nda zay\u0131f H ba\u011flar\u0131 bulunmaz.
\n2-r-RAN\u2019 n\u0131n \u00d6zellikleri
\nRibozom lar\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131nda bulunur.
\nNucleusta sentezlenir.
\nSitoplazmada toplam RNA n\u0131n %80 \u2018i kadard\u0131r.
\nHer \u00e7e\u015fit proteinin sentezinde rol oynarlar.
\nDefalarca kullan\u0131l\u0131rlar.
\nYap\u0131s\u0131nda zay\u0131f hidrojen ba\u011flar\u0131 vard\u0131r.
\nProtein sentez bilgisinin ad\u0131m ad\u0131m okunmas\u0131nda rol oynarlar.
\nm-RNA ve t-RNA n\u0131n ribozom lara ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.
\n3-t-RNA\u2019 n\u0131n \u00d6zellikleri
\nEn k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck (en az nucleotit i\u00e7eren) RNA d\u0131r.
\n\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr RNA d\u0131r.
\nBelirli bir amino aside \u00f6zelle\u015fmi\u015ftir.
\nProtein \u00e7e\u015fidine \u00f6zelle\u015fme g\u00f6stermez.
\nDe\u011fi\u015fik protein sentezinde defalarca kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\nAmino aside \u00f6zelle\u015fme anti kodonla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.
\nH\u00fccrede en az 20 \u00e7e\u015fit t-RNA vard\u0131r. En \u00e7ok 61 olmas\u0131 beklenir.
\nToplam RNA\u2019 n\u0131n % 15\u2019 ini olu\u015fturur.
\nToplam 70 nucleotitden olu\u015fmu\u015ftur.
\nYap\u0131s\u0131nda zay\u0131f H ba\u011flar\u0131 bulunur.
\nRNA\u2019 n\u0131n DNA ya Benzer \u00d6zellikleri
\nDNA \u00fczerinde sentezlenmesi.
\nOrganik baz olarak Adenin , Guanin , Sitozin in bulunmas\u0131.
\nFosfodiester ba\u011flar\u0131na sahip olu\u015fu.
\nm-RNA hari\u00e7 zay\u0131f hidrojen ba\u011flar\u0131 bulunu\u015fu.
\n\u0130nterfazda sentezlenmesi.
\nKal\u0131tsal \u00f6zelliklerinin olu\u015fmas\u0131 ve ya\u015famsal olaylar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi.
\nNukleus kloroplast ve mitekondri de bulunu\u015fu.
\nRNA\u2019 n\u0131n DNA dan farkl\u0131 Y\u00f6nleri
\nTek zincir olu\u015fu.
\nTimin yerine urasil bulundurmas\u0131.
\nSitoplazma ve ribozomlarda bulunmas\u0131.
\n\u0130\u015flevi bitirdikten sonra y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131. (Hidrolizle)
\nDaha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck molek\u00fcl yap\u0131da olmas\u0131.
\nKendini e\u015fleyememesi.
\nYap\u0131 ve g\u00f6rev olarak 3 \u00e7e\u015fit olmas\u0131.
\nB\u00f6l\u00fcnme hari\u00e7 her zaman sentezlenirler.
\nNucleik Asitlerin Ya\u015fam \u0130\u00e7in \u00d6nemi
\nEn ilkelden (vir\u00fcs) en geli\u015fmi\u015f canl\u0131ya kadar hapsinde vard\u0131r.
\nH\u00fccrenin en \u00f6nemli ve en b\u00fcy\u00fck organik molek\u00fclleridir.
\nH\u00fccredeki hayatsal olaylar\u0131 ( sentez , y\u0131k\u0131m , h\u00fccre b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi vb.) kontrol eder.
\nKal\u0131tsal \u00f6zelliklerin yeni h\u00fccrelere (nesillere) ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131ndan ve saklanmas\u0131ndan g\u00f6revlidir.
\nYap\u0131 ,i\u015flev ve fonksiyonlar\u0131 evrenseldir. (B\u00fct\u00fcn h\u00fccrelerde ayn\u0131d\u0131r.)
\nNOT
\n 1-Evrimsel geli\u015fimde \u00f6nce RNA sonra DNA etkinle\u015fmi\u015ftir.
\n Kan\u0131tlar\u0131:
\n \u2022 Santral do\u011fman\u0131n merkezinde yer almas\u0131
\n \u2022 Tek zincir olmas\u0131
\n \u2022 B\u00fct\u00fcn canl\u0131larda bulunmas\u0131
\n \u2022 Kal\u0131tsal bilginin saklanmas\u0131 ve ya\u015famsal olaylar\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi
\n 2-DNA da G-C \u00e7ifti say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n A-T \u00e7ifti say\u0131s\u0131ndan fazla olu\u015fu denaturasyona dayan\u0131kl\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc daha \u00e7ok hidrojen ba\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7erir.
\n 3-Organik bazlar (\u00d6rn : Adenin ) DNA , RNA\u2019 n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ATP , NAD , FAD , NADP\u2019 ninde yap\u0131s\u0131nda yer al\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
RNA Eukoryatik h\u00fccrelerde nukleus , mitekondri , kloroplast , ribozom , sitoplazmada bulunur. Prokaryotik h\u00fccrelerde ise ribozom ve sitoplazmada bulunur.. Yap\u0131ta\u015flar\u0131 Adenin ,Guanin ,Urasil ve Sitozin\u2019 dir. H\u00fccrelerde yap\u0131 ve \u00f6zellik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan 3 tip RNA vard\u0131r 1-m-RNA \u2018n\u0131n \u00d6zellikleri DNA \u00fczerinde sentezlenir. Sentezine kal\u0131p \u00f6devi sadece tek zincir yapar di\u011feri tamamlay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Tek zincirdir. D\u00fcz zincir …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[7595,7593,3863,2465,3353,7594,2284,7596,2283,2289,2483,5968,2480],"class_list":["post-3309","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-amino-asid","tag-eukoryatik-hucreler","tag-hidroliz","tag-kloroplast","tag-mitekondri","tag-nucleotid-dizisi","tag-nukleus","tag-organik-bazlar","tag-ribozom","tag-rna","tag-sitoplazma","tag-transkripsiyon","tag-translasyon"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3309","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3309"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3309\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3309"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3309"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3309"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}