PROT\u0130STALAR <\/p>\n
Genel \u00d6zellikleri
\nEukaryotik canl\u0131lard\u0131r
\nTek h\u00fccreli ve koloni \u015feklinde ya\u015farlar
\nSerbest ve parazit ya\u015fayanlar bulunur
\nOtotrof ve heterotrof olarak beslenenler bulunur
\nE\u015feyli ve e\u015feysiz \u00fcreme g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr
\nE\u015feyli \u00fcreme konjugasyonla
\nE\u015feysiz \u00fcreme b\u00f6l\u00fcnme ve tomurcuklanma ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir
\nBeslenme ve hareket organellerine g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r
\nKam\u00e7\u0131l\u0131lar
\nTatl\u0131 sularda ya\u015farlar.
\nKontraktil kofullar\u0131 vard\u0131r
\nBeslenme ve hareketlerini kam\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131yla yaparlar.
\nKloroplast ta\u015f\u0131rlar.(Hem ototrof hem hetotrof beslenirler.)
\nI\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 alg\u0131layan g\u00f6z lekesi sayesinde \u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 ortamlara do\u011fru hareket ederler.
\n\u00dcremeleri amitozla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.
\nBesinlerini h\u00fccre a\u011fz\u0131yla al\u0131rlar
\nK\u00f6k ayakl\u0131lar
\nBelirgin \u015fekilleri yoktur.
\nSerbest ve parazit olanlar\u0131 vard\u0131r.
\nBeslenme ve hareketlerini pseudopod (yalanc\u0131 ayak) denen sitoplazmik uzant\u0131larla yaparlar.
\nTatl\u0131 suda ya\u015fayanlarda kontraktil koful bulunur. Kontraktil koful h\u00fccreye giren fazla suyu ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f metabolik art\u0131klar\u0131 h\u00fccrenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na atar.
\nB\u00f6l\u00fcnerek (Amitozla) \u00e7o\u011fal\u0131rlar.
\nBeslenme b\u00fct\u00fcn h\u00fccre y\u00fczeyi ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir.
\nMadde al\u0131n\u0131m\u0131 ve d\u0131\u015fa verilmesi dif\u00fczyon,osmoz ve Endositozla- Ekzositozla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir.
\nSilliler
\nTatl\u0131 sularda ya\u015farlar
\nKontraktil kofullar\u0131 vard\u0131r.
\nBeslenmelerini ve hareketlerini sillerle yaparlar.
\nH\u00fccre zar\u0131 pelikula denen sert yap\u0131dan olu\u015fmu\u015ftur.
\nPelikulada hareket organeli olarak siller ve korunma organelleri trikositler bulunur.
\nPelikula h\u00fccreye \u015fekil ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k verir.
\nBesinlerin al\u0131n\u0131m\u0131 h\u00fccre a\u011fz\u0131 ile sindirim art\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n at\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ise h\u00fccre an\u00fcs\u00fcyle olur.
\n\u0130ki nucleus ta\u015f\u0131rlar
\n1-Macronucleus:Metabolizmadan (Beslenme,hareket,solunum,bo\u015falt\u0131m,e\u015feysiz \u00fcreme vb.)
\n 2-Micronucleus: E\u015feyli \u00fcremede g\u00f6rev al\u0131r.
\n\u00dcremeleri
\n1-e\u015feysiz:Amitozla
\n 2-e\u015feyli:Konjugasyonla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.
\nD\u0131\u015f uyar\u0131lar\u0131 alg\u0131lar ve y\u00f6n de\u011fi\u015ftirerek tepki verirler.(H\u00fccrede \u00f6n ve arkakavram\u0131 geli\u015fmi\u015ftir.)
\nParameciumda konjugasyon
\nFarkl\u0131 \u00f6zellikteki iki parameciunm yan yana gelirler
\nAralar\u0131nda sitoplazmik k\u00f6pr\u00fc (Plasmodezma) kurulur
\nMakronucleus ortadan kalkar
\nMikronucleuslar mayoz ge\u00e7irerek 4 tane haploid nucleus olu\u015fturur
\n4 nucleustan 3 tanesi ortadan kalkar
\nKalan tek haploid nucleus mitozla iki nucleus olu\u015fturur
\nBu nucleuslardan biri kal\u0131c\u0131 di\u011feri g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcc\u00fc nucleustur
\n\u0130ki h\u00fccrenin g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcc\u00fc nucleuslar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilir
\nKal\u0131c\u0131 nucleusla di\u011fer h\u00fccreden gelen g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcc\u00fc nukleuslar birle\u015ferek diploid tek nucleus olu\u015fur.
\nOlu\u015fan diploid nukleus ard arda 3 mitoz ge\u00e7irerek 8 nucleus olu\u015fturur
\nHer bir h\u00fccre 2 sitokinez ge\u00e7irerek 4 h\u00fccre olu\u015fturur
\nOlu\u015fan h\u00fccrelere nucleuslar iki\u015fer iki\u015fer da\u011f\u0131l\u0131r
\nKonjugasyon yapan iki parameciumdan toplam 8 paramecium olu\u015fur
\nSporlular
\nParazit ya\u015farlar.
\n\u00dcremeleri sporla olur.(Metagenez g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr:E\u015feyli ve e\u015feysiz \u00fcremenin birbirini ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k takip etmesidir.)
\nHareket organelleri yoktur.(amoboid hareket ederler.)
\nBesinlerini haz\u0131r ald\u0131klar\u0131ndan besin kofulular\u0131 bulunmaz.
\nHayvansal organizmalar\u0131n v\u00fccudunda ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131ndan kontraktil koful ta\u015f\u0131mazlar.
\nYa\u015fam d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc
\nSporozooalardan Plasmodium malar\u0131ada hayat devri anofel sokmas\u0131 ile sporozoitler (n) insan kan\u0131na ge\u00e7er
\nAlyuvarlar i\u00e7ine ge\u00e7erek \u015fizonta d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrler
\n\u015eizont \u00e7o\u011fa b\u00f6l\u00fcnerek (\u015eizogoni) merezoitleri olu\u015fturur
\nAlyuvarlar\u0131n par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 ile merezoitler ve toksinleri kana kar\u0131\u015f\u0131r.(S\u0131tma n\u00f6betleri bu esnada g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr)
\nMerezoitler ya yeni alyuvarlara girer, yada gametositlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr
\nAnofelin bu insan\u0131n kan\u0131n\u0131 emmesi ile gametositler anofelin barsa\u011f\u0131na ge\u00e7er
\nGametositler(n) burada ovumu(n) ve mitoz ge\u00e7irerek 4-8 sperm(n) haline gelirler
\nOlu\u015fan spermler ovumu barsak bo\u015flu\u011funda d\u00f6ller ve zigot(2n) meydanagelir
\nAmeboid hareket eden zigot barsak epitelini delerek barsak kaslar\u0131nayerle\u015fir
\nZigot burada mayoz ge\u00e7irir ve ard\u0131ndan \u00e7o\u011fa b\u00f6l\u00fcnerek (Sporogoni)sporozoitleri olu\u015fturur
\nSporozoitler dola\u015f\u0131m s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131 ile t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezlerine ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r ve d\u00f6ng\u00fc tamamlan\u0131r.
\nNot: Plasmodium malariada bask\u0131n d\u00f6l haploidtir.Diploid a\u015fama sadece zigot evresine indirgenmi\u015ftir.
\nAlgler
\nTek h\u00fccreli,koloni olu\u015fturanlar ve \u00e7ok h\u00fccreli olan gruplar vard\u0131r
\n\u00c7ok h\u00fccrelilerde k\u00f6k,g\u00f6vde,yaprak gibi olu\u015fumlar yoktur
\n\u00c7o\u011funlukla fotosentetiktir
\nKloroplast ve farkl\u0131 pigmentler de ta\u015f\u0131rlar
\nE\u015feysiz \u00fcremeleri b\u00f6l\u00fcnme ,tomurcuklanma ve vejetatif \u00fcreme ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.E\u015feyli \u00fcreme de g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr
\nSuda veya sulu ortamlarda ya\u015farlar
\nSu ekosistemlerinin temel \u00fcreticileridir
\nKloroplastlar e.r ler \u00fczerine yerle\u015fmi\u015ftir
\nDeniz,g\u00f6l,kapl\u0131ca ve buzul sular\u0131 gibi \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 ortamlara uyumlu gruplar bulunur
\nBaz\u0131 gruplar\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131 suyun \u00f6zelli\u011finin bozulmas\u0131na ve di\u011fer canl\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6lmesine neden olur
\nSel\u00fcloz h\u00fccre \u00e7eperi bulundururla
\n\u00d6nemi
\nBesin kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r
\nHayvan yemi \u00fcretimi
\nAntibiyotik \u00fcretimi
\nKimya sanayide kullan\u0131l\u0131r
\nG\u00fcbre \u00fcretimi
\nKozmetik ve ila\u00e7 sanayide kullan\u0131l\u0131r
\nMinerel kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r
\nEkosistemlerde d\u00fczenleme ve art\u0131klar\u0131n ar\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 amac\u0131 ile kullan\u0131l\u0131r<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
PROT\u0130STALAR Genel \u00d6zellikleri Eukaryotik canl\u0131lard\u0131r Tek h\u00fccreli ve koloni \u015feklinde ya\u015farlar Serbest ve parazit ya\u015fayanlar bulunur Ototrof ve heterotrof olarak beslenenler bulunur E\u015feyli ve e\u015feysiz \u00fcreme g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr E\u015feyli \u00fcreme konjugasyonla E\u015feysiz \u00fcreme b\u00f6l\u00fcnme ve tomurcuklanma ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir Beslenme ve hareket organellerine g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r Kam\u00e7\u0131l\u0131lar Tatl\u0131 sularda ya\u015farlar. Kontraktil kofullar\u0131 vard\u0131r Beslenme ve hareketlerini kam\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131yla yaparlar. …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[7764,2619,5778,7742,6634,5930,7765,7690,7766],"class_list":["post-3365","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-amitoz","tag-antibiyotik","tag-eseysiz-ureme","tag-eukaryotik","tag-konjugasyon","tag-ototrof","tag-plasmodezma","tag-protistalar","tag-sporogoni"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3365","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3365"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3365\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3365"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3365"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3365"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}