B\u00f6l\u00fcmler
\nAscomycota
\nBasidiomycota
\nChytridiomycota
\nDeuteromycota
\nGlomeromycota
\nZygomycota
\nMantar, \u00e7ok h\u00fccreli ve tek h\u00fccreli olabilen \u00f6karyotik canl\u0131lard\u0131r. Hayvanlar gibi aktif hareket edemezler ama bitkiler gibi Klorofil de ta\u015f\u0131mazlar. Yani heterotrofdurlar. Besinlerini d\u0131\u015f ortamdan al\u0131rlar. S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmada bitkiler alemi i\u00e7inde ele al\u0131nmalar\u0131 bilim adamlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda uzun y\u0131llar tart\u0131\u015fma konusu olmu\u015ftur. Mantarlar parazit olarak, \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fck\u00e7\u00fcl (saprofit) veya simbiyotik olarak ya\u015fayabilirler. Makromantarlar\u0131n \u00fcremesi sporlar yoluyla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. Topra\u011fa d\u00f6k\u00fclen sporlar r\u00fczgarla ya da b\u00f6ceklerle \u00e7evreye da\u011f\u0131l\u0131r ve toprakta y\u0131llarca ya\u015fayabilir. Mantarlar nemli ortamlarda geli\u015firler, bu nedenle ya\u011fmurlardan sonra topraktaki sporlar \u00e7imlenerek mantarlar\u0131 olu\u015ftururlar. Tek h\u00fccreli mantarlar ise tomurcuklanarak \u00e7o\u011falabilirler.
\n Mantarlar aras\u0131nda insanlar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli ama\u00e7larla yararland\u0131klar\u0131 t\u00fcrler vard\u0131r. Fermantasyon yaparak alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7kilerin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda ve ekmek yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan Saccharomyces t\u00fcrleri, antibiyotik eldesinde kullan\u0131lan Penicillium t\u00fcrleri ve ergo alkaloitlerinin elde edildi\u011fi Claviceps purpurea mantar\u0131 gibi.
\n Mantar cinsleri i\u00e7inde 60 kadar t\u00fcr ile temsil edilen Amanita cinsi ayr\u0131 bir \u00f6neme sahiptir. Amanita t\u00fcrleri i\u00e7inde yenebilen bir mantar olan Amanita caesarea\u2019n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, zehirli ve hal\u00fcsinojen etkili Amanita muscaria ve Amanita pantherina ve \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc zehirli olan Amanita phalloides, Amanita verna ve Amanita virosa t\u00fcrleri yer al\u0131r. Amanita t\u00fcrleri di\u011fer mantarlardan, \u015fapkas\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda beyaz renkte \u0131\u015f\u0131nsal perdeler, yani lameller olmas\u0131, sap\u0131n ortaya yak\u0131n k\u0131sm\u0131nda sap\u0131 saran bir halka ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 ve sap\u0131n alt k\u0131sm\u0131nda yumurta kabu\u011fu bi\u00e7iminde bir \u00e7anak\u00e7\u0131k bulunmas\u0131 gibi \u00f6zellikleri ile ay\u0131rt edilirler. Yenebilen Amanita caesarea mantar\u0131nda ise lameller ve sap alt\u0131n sar\u0131s\u0131 rengindedir.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye’nin Yenen Mantar T\u00fcrleri<\/p>\n
\u00d6nemli not
\nYenebilen ve zehirli mantarlar yan yana yeti\u015febilirler. Baz\u0131 yenebilen ve zehirli t\u00fcrler birbirine o kadar benzer ki bunu ancak bir mantarbilimci ay\u0131rt edebilir. Zehirli mantarlar\u0131n tad\u0131 yenebilen mantarlar\u0131nkinden farkl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Etinin rengi, kokusu ve tad\u0131 ile bir mantar\u0131n zehirli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lamaz.<\/p>\n
Agaricus campestris
\nAmanita caesarea
\nArmillaria mellea
\nBoletus badius
\nBoletus bovinus
\nBoletus edulis
\nBoletus elegans
\nBoletus luteus
\nCantharellus cibarius
\nChroogomphus rutilus
\nCoprinus comatus
\nCraterellus cornucopioides
\nFistulina hepatica
\nHydnum coralloides
\nHydnum repandum
\nHygrophorus chrysodon
\nLactarius deliciosus
\nLactarius salmonicolor
\nLactarius volemus
\nLepiota procera
\nMorchella conica var. deliciosa
\nMorchella esculanta var. rotunda
\nPhlegmacium variecolor
\nPleurotus cornucopiae
\nPleurotus ostreatus
\nPolyporus squamosus
\nPolyporus sulphureus
\nRhizopogon luteolus
\nRussula delica
\nSparassis crispa
\nTricholoma terreum<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u00f6l\u00fcmler Ascomycota Basidiomycota Chytridiomycota Deuteromycota Glomeromycota Zygomycota Mantar, \u00e7ok h\u00fccreli ve tek h\u00fccreli olabilen \u00f6karyotik canl\u0131lard\u0131r. Hayvanlar gibi aktif hareket edemezler ama bitkiler gibi Klorofil de ta\u015f\u0131mazlar. Yani heterotrofdurlar. Besinlerini d\u0131\u015f ortamdan al\u0131rlar. S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmada bitkiler alemi i\u00e7inde ele al\u0131nmalar\u0131 bilim adamlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda uzun y\u0131llar tart\u0131\u015fma konusu olmu\u015ftur. Mantarlar parazit olarak, \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fck\u00e7\u00fcl (saprofit) veya simbiyotik olarak …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[7870,6640,6641,6642,2472,6645,6643],"class_list":["post-3433","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-ascomycota-basidiomycota","tag-chytridiomycota","tag-deuteromycota","tag-glomeromycota","tag-mantarlar","tag-turkiyenin-yenen-mantar-turleri","tag-zygomycota"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3433","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3433"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3433\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3433"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3433"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3433"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}