Metabolizma, organizman\u0131n ya\u015fama, b\u00fcy\u00fcme, olgunla\u015fma ve \u00fcremesi i\u00e7in gerekli enerji ve maddeyi sa\u011flayan olaylar\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. Anabolizma ve katabolizma diye iki b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fur. Anabolizma, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck molek\u00fcllerin b\u00fcy\u00fck molek\u00fcller haline getirilmesidir ve enerji gerektirir. Katabolizma ise b\u00fcy\u00fck molek\u00fcllerin, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck molek\u00fcllere par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 i\u015flemidir ve tam tersine enerji a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r.
\n Bazal metabolizma (Basal metabolism) ise, dinlenme esnas\u0131nda v\u00fccuttaki kimyasal de\u011fi\u015fimlerin ve t\u00fcketilen enerjinin v\u00fccut y\u00fczeyi birimine d\u00fc\u015fen miktar\u0131d\u0131r. Normal bazal metabolizma h\u0131z\u2019\u0131, belirli ya\u015f ve cinsler i\u00e7in sabittir. 20-50 ya\u015f aras\u0131ndaki normal bir erke\u011fin bazal metabolizmas\u0131, v\u00fccut y\u00fczeyinin her metrekaresi i\u00e7in 30-40 kalori veya yakla\u015f\u0131k her kg. a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bir kaloridir. E\u011fer ki\u015fi sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ise bu rakamlar de\u011fi\u015fmez.Bazal metabolizma, sabah uyan\u0131r uyanmaz, dinlenmi\u015f vaziyette ve herhangi bir \u015fey yemeden \u00f6nce \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bazal metabolizmas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclecek kimse hava miktar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7en bir ara\u00e7tan nefes al\u0131p verir. B\u00f6ylece ne kadar oksijen kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tesbit edilir ve al\u0131nan sonu\u00e7 ile bazal metabolizma ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. Standart ortalamadan +7 sapmalar genellikle normal kabul edilir. \u00c7ocuklarda bazal metabolizman\u0131n da y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 normaldir. Korku, \u00f6fke gibi sinirsel hallerde veya hipertiroidi gibi ger-
\n \u00e7ek hastal\u0131klarda da bazal metabolizma normalden y\u00fcksektir.
\n Kanda proteine ba\u011fl\u0131 iyod (PBI) miktar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi, bazal metabolizma h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 tayin eden di\u011fer bir y\u00f6ntemdir.
\n Uyku esnas\u0131nda veya beslenme yetersizliklerinde bazal metabolizma normalden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Keza anemik kimselerde, baz\u0131 sinir hastal\u0131klar\u0131nda veya tiroid yetersizliklerinde (Miks\u00f6dem) bazal metabolizma h\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer.
\n Hipofiz ve b\u00f6brek\u00fcst\u00fc bezleri, bazal metabolizmay\u0131 etkiler. Bu salg\u0131 bezlerinin az \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 bazal metabolizmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ise y\u00fckseltir.Gebe kad\u0131nlarda do\u011fumdan evvelki son 2-3 ayda ise \u00e7ocuk ve annenin metabolizmalar\u0131 birle\u015fmi\u015f vaziyette tesbit edilir.Zihni egzersizler, bazal metabolizmay\u0131 pek etkilemez. \u015eazal metabolizmay\u0131 en fazla etkileyen fizik egzersizlerdir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Metabolizma, organizman\u0131n ya\u015fama, b\u00fcy\u00fcme, olgunla\u015fma ve \u00fcremesi i\u00e7in gerekli enerji ve maddeyi sa\u011flayan olaylar\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. Anabolizma ve katabolizma diye iki b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fur. Anabolizma, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck molek\u00fcllerin b\u00fcy\u00fck molek\u00fcller haline getirilmesidir ve enerji gerektirir. Katabolizma ise b\u00fcy\u00fck molek\u00fcllerin, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck molek\u00fcllere par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 i\u015flemidir ve tam tersine enerji a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Bazal metabolizma (Basal metabolism) ise, dinlenme esnas\u0131nda v\u00fccuttaki kimyasal …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[6551,5609,3290,2631,7944,8168,2164,2303],"class_list":["post-3581","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-anabolizma","tag-bazal-metabolizma","tag-enerji","tag-hipofiz","tag-katabolizma","tag-miksodem","tag-oksijen","tag-protein"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3581","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3581"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3581\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3581"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3581"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3581"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}