\u0130KL\u0130M \u0130klim b\u00fct\u00fcn ya\u015fama yerlerinin \u00fczerini bir \u00f6rt\u00fc gibi kapam\u0131\u015f ve do\u011frudan do\u011fruya ya da dolayl\u0131 olarak buradaki canl\u0131lara etkisi olmu\u015ftur. \u0130klim tek bir etken de\u011fil bir etken grubudur . Atmosfer s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bas\u0131n\u00e7, nemlilik ve bunlar\u0131n hepsinin bir aradaki hareketine hava diyoruz. Hava g\u00fcnlere, haftalara, aylara ve y\u0131llara g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterir ve havan\u0131n bu de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi b\u00f6ce\u011fin bulunma \u00e7oklu\u011funu, \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc, geli\u015fme h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 sezondan sezona etkiler. \u00d6te yandan iklim ise birka\u00e7 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda bir b\u00f6lge \u00fczerinde havan\u0131n ortalama durumudur Hava h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde de\u011fi\u015fir ancak iklim \u00e7ok y\u0131ll\u0131k periyotla \u00e7ok yava\u015f de\u011fi\u015fir ya da hemen hemen ayn\u0131 kal\u0131r. \u0130ncelememiz gereken mikroklima ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fimiz genel olarak bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc ile de\u011fi\u015fen ve atmosferin gayet s\u0131cak tabakalar\u0131na ve \u00f6zel ya\u015fama yerlerine ait olan aland\u0131r. Hatta bundan ufak bir di\u011fer iklimde mikro-mikroklima (b\u00f6cek iklimidir). Bunun yerden itibaren y\u00fcksekli\u011fi sadece birka\u00e7 mm dir. 1.1. S\u0131cakl\u0131k Ya\u015fam\u0131n normal olarak s\u00fcregeldi\u011fi s\u0131cakl\u0131klara biyokinetik s\u0131cakl\u0131k denir. B\u00f6cekler poikloterm (heteroform=de\u011fi\u015fken s\u0131cakl\u0131k) hayvanlar olduklar\u0131ndan v\u00fccut s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7evre s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Sabit s\u0131cakl\u0131kl\u0131 hayvanlardaki gibi i\u00e7 kimyasal olaylara \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretebilmesine kar\u015f\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u0131s\u0131, bilinen fiziksel kurallara g\u00f6re d\u0131\u015far\u0131 savrulur ve v\u00fccut s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evre s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ayn\u0131 d\u00fczeye gelir (Demirsoy, 1997). V\u00fccut s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fken olan b\u00f6ceklerde s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ayarlanmas\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 durum g\u00f6zlenir. 1. Helioterm: G\u00fcne\u015fle \u0131s\u0131nanlar. 2. Dikloterm: 10-300C ortam ile e\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131kta olanlar yani fiziksel kimyasal ayar. 3. \u015eimiyoterm: Kas hareketiyle s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckseltenler (Kansu, 1988). Her b\u00f6cek t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7in hayatta kal\u0131nabilecek s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n iyi ayarlanm\u0131\u015f bir dizisi vard\u0131r. Bu diziden a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ya da y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa maruz kalman\u0131n sonucu \u00f6l\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Dayan\u0131l\u0131r s\u0131cakl\u0131k dizisi t\u00fcr i\u00e7in fizyolojik duruma, t\u00fcrler aras\u0131nda ise t\u00fcrden t\u00fcre de\u011fi\u015fim g\u00f6sterir. Bu y\u00fczden: y\u00fcksek ya da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131klara maruz kalan birey hayatta kalabildi\u011fi zaman \u00f6mr\u00fc boyunca onu \u00f6ld\u00fcrebilecek zamanlar ve mekanlar olacakt\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin pek \u00e7ok b\u00f6cek sonbahar ve k\u0131\u015f\u0131n daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda ilkbahar ve yaz mevsiminden daha \u00e7ok hayatta kalabilirler. Tropik t\u00fcrler \u201c0\u201d derece s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa genellikle daha az dayan\u0131rlar. Karasal b\u00f6ceklerin, suda ya\u015fayan b\u00f6ceklere oranla daha geni\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131k tolerans\u0131 vard\u0131r ve karasal b\u00f6ceklerin yeti\u015fme yerindeki s\u0131cakl\u0131k tolerans\u0131 suda ya\u015fayanlar\u0131nkinden daha geni\u015ftir. Canl\u0131lar\u0131n en iyi faaliyet g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa optimum s\u0131cakl\u0131k denir. Genelde b\u00f6cekler 0-55 0C aras\u0131nda optimum s\u0131cakl\u0131klara de\u011fi\u015fim g\u00f6sterir. B\u00f6cek i\u00e7in en uygun s\u0131cakl\u0131k +26 0C\u2019dir. Toylar\u2019a g\u00f6re optimal s\u0131cakl\u0131k 22-38 0C aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Ancak bu tolerans\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda hayatta kalabilecek istisnai t\u00fcrler de vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0130KL\u0130M \u0130klim b\u00fct\u00fcn ya\u015fama yerlerinin \u00fczerini bir \u00f6rt\u00fc gibi kapam\u0131\u015f ve do\u011frudan do\u011fruya ya da dolayl\u0131 olarak buradaki canl\u0131lara etkisi olmu\u015ftur. \u0130klim tek bir etken de\u011fil bir etken grubudur . Atmosfer s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bas\u0131n\u00e7, nemlilik ve bunlar\u0131n hepsinin bir aradaki hareketine hava diyoruz. Hava g\u00fcnlere, haftalara, aylara ve y\u0131llara g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterir ve havan\u0131n bu de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[9373,2796,4397],"class_list":["post-4219","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-abiyotik-yasam","tag-atmosfer","tag-fizyoloji"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4219","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4219"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4219\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4219"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}