Zarf (Belirte\u00e7) : \u0130simlerin varl\u0131klar\u0131 ya da kavramlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, fiillerin ise hareketleri, olu\u015flar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftik. Varl\u0131klar\u0131n nas\u0131l belli nitelikleri varsa, fiillerin de belli nitelikleri vard\u0131r. \u0130smin niteli\u011fini bildiren s\u00f6zc\u00fcklere s\u0131fat demi\u015ftik. Fiillerin niteli\u011fini bildiren s\u00f6zc\u00fcklere de zarf diyoruz.<\/p>\n
\u0093G\u00fczel bir evde oturmak istiyorum.\u0094 c\u00fcmlesinde \u0093g\u00fczel\u0094 s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u0093ev\u0094 isminin niteli\u011fini bildiriyor, onun nas\u0131l oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor. \u00d6yle ise bu s\u00f6zc\u00fck s\u0131fat g\u00f6revindedir.<\/p>\n
Ayn\u0131 s\u00f6zc\u00fck;<\/p>\n
Bu ev uzaktan daha g\u00fczel g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordu.\u0094 c\u00fcmlesinde \u0093g\u00f6r\u00fcnmek\u0094 fiilinin nas\u0131l oldu\u011funu bildiriyor. \u0130\u015fte bu durumda \u0093g\u00fczel\u0094 s\u00f6z\u00fc zarft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
K\u0131saca zarflar fiillerle ilgili s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerdir. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, s\u0131fat\u0131n, adla\u015fm\u0131\u015f s\u0131fat\u0131n veya ba\u015fka bir zarf\u0131n derecesini bildiren zarflar da vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
1. Durum Zarflar\u0131<\/p>\n
Fiilin durumunu yani nas\u0131l yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildiren s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerdir. Fiile sorulan \u0093nas\u0131l\u0094 sorusuna cevap verir.<\/p>\n
O, h\u0131zl\u0131 ko\u015fard\u0131. (Nas\u0131l ko\u015fard\u0131?)
\n \u00c7ok tatl\u0131 g\u00fcl\u00fcms\u00fcyor. (Nas\u0131l g\u00fcl\u00fcms\u00fcyor?)
\n Bu g\u00fcnler zor ge\u00e7ecek. (Nas\u0131l ge\u00e7ecek?)<\/p>\n
c\u00fcmlelerinde alt\u0131 \u00e7izili s\u00f6zler durum bildiren zarflard\u0131r. Bu s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerden sonra isim gelseydi s\u00f6zc\u00fckler s\u0131fat olacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n
Zarf\u0131n mutlaka fiillerden \u00f6nce gelmesi \u015fart de\u011fildir. Zarfla fiil aras\u0131na ba\u015fka s\u00f6zc\u00fckler girebilir.<\/p>\n
\u0093D\u0131\u015far\u0131dan kesik kesik k\u00f6pek havlamalar\u0131 geliyordu.\u0094<\/p>\n
c\u00fcmlesinde \u0093kesik kesik\u0094 zarf\u0131yla onun niteledi\u011fi fiil aras\u0131na ba\u015fka \u00f6\u011fe girmi\u015ftir. Elbette bu zarf\u0131n \u00f6zelli\u011fini de\u011fi\u015ftirmez.<\/p>\n
2. Zaman Zarf\u0131<\/p>\n
Fiilin ne zaman yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildiren s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerdir. Fiile sorulan \u0093ne zaman\u0094 sorusuna cevap verir.<\/p>\n
Tatilden d\u00fcn d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015fler.
\n Ak\u015fama bizde toplan\u0131yoruz.
\n Art\u0131k buradan gitmelisin.
\n c\u00fcmlelerinde alt\u0131 \u00e7izili s\u00f6zc\u00fckler fiilin zaman\u0131n\u0131 bildirdiklerinden zarf g\u00f6revindedirler.<\/p>\n
3. Yer – Y\u00f6n Zarf\u0131<\/p>\n
Fiilin y\u00f6neldi\u011fi yeri bildiren s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerdir. Fiile sorulan \u0093nereye\u0094 sorusuna cevap verir ve ek almaz. Bu t\u00fcr zarflar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 bellidir.<\/p>\n
\u0093Yukar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k, ben de geliyorum.\u0094 c\u00fcmlesinde, fiile \u0093Nereye \u00e7\u0131k?\u0094 diye sorarsak, \u0093yukar\u0131\u0094 cevab\u0131 gelir. Ek de olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re yer – y\u00f6n zarf\u0131d\u0131r. E\u011fer c\u00fcmle \u0093Yukar\u0131ya \u00e7\u0131k.\u0094 \u015feklinde olsayd\u0131, s\u00f6zc\u00fck isim g\u00f6revinde kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n
A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 indi. \u00d6te gitti.
\n Geri geldi. Beri geldi.
\n \u0130leri gitti. D\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.
\n \u0130\u00e7eri girdi.<\/p>\n
c\u00fcmlelerinde alt\u0131 \u00e7izili s\u00f6zc\u00fckler yer zarflar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
4. Azl\u0131k – \u00c7okluk (Miktar) Zarflar\u0131<\/p>\n
Zarflar i\u00e7inde \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fik \u00f6zellikler g\u00f6steren s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerdir bunlar. Fiilin, s\u0131fat\u0131n, zarf\u0131n, adla\u015fm\u0131\u015f s\u0131fat\u0131n miktarlar\u0131n\u0131 bildirebilen geni\u015f bir kullan\u0131m alan\u0131na sahiptir. Bu zarflar \u0093ne kadar\u0094 sorusuna cevap verir.<\/p>\n
\u0093Pastadan biraz alabilir miyim?\u0094<\/p>\n
c\u00fcmlesinde \u0093alabilir miyim\u0094 fiiline \u0093Ne kadar\u0094 sorusunu sorarsak \u0093biraz\u0094 cevab\u0131 gelir. \u0130\u015fte fiilin miktar\u0131n\u0131 bildiren bu s\u00f6zc\u00fck zarft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu t\u00fcr zarflar s\u0131fata sorulan \u0093ne kadar\u0094 sorusuna da cevap verebilir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6rne\u011fin;
\n \u0093\u00c7ok g\u00fczel bir kitapt\u0131.\u0094 c\u00fcmlesinde \u0093kitap\u0094 isimdir. \u0093Nas\u0131l kitap?\u0094 diye sorarsak \u0093g\u00fczel\u0094 s\u0131fat\u0131 cevap verir. \u0093Ne kadar g\u00fczel?\u0094 diye sorarsak \u0093\u00e7ok\u0094 cevab\u0131 gelir. \u0130\u015fte s\u0131fat\u0131n derecesini bildiren \u0093\u00e7ok\u0094 s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zarft\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc burada \u00e7ok olan g\u00fczelliktir.<\/p>\n
Bu t\u00fcr zarflar, ba\u015fka bir zarf\u0131n derecesini de bildirebilir. Bu durumda zarfa sorulan \u0093ne kadar\u0094 sorusuna cevap verir.<\/p>\n
\u0093\u00c7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 ko\u015fuyor.\u0094 c\u00fcmlesinde \u0093ko\u015fuyor\u0094 fiildir. \u0093Nas\u0131l ko\u015fuyor?\u0094 diye sorarsak \u0093h\u0131zl\u0131\u0094 zarf\u0131n\u0131 buluruz. \u0093Ne kadar h\u0131zl\u0131?\u0094 diye sordu\u011fumuzda ise \u0093\u00e7ok\u0094 cevab\u0131 gelir. Zarf\u0131n derecesini bildiren bu s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011fe de zarf diyoruz.<\/p>\n
Bunlar adla\u015fm\u0131\u015f s\u0131fatlar\u0131n da derecelerini bildirebilir.<\/p>\n
\u0093Bu plan en ya\u015fl\u0131lar da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131narak haz\u0131rland\u0131.\u0094<\/p>\n
c\u00fcmlesinde \u0093ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0094 adla\u015fm\u0131\u015f s\u0131fatt\u0131r. Buna \u0093Ne kadar ya\u015fl\u0131?\u0094 diye sorarsak \u0093en ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0094 cevab\u0131 gelir. Ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131n derecesini bildiren \u0093en\u0094 s\u00f6z\u00fc zarft\u0131r. \u00d6rnekleri \u00e7o\u011faltal\u0131m.<\/p>\n
O, bu derse pek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131. (Fiilin zarf\u0131)
\n Pek sa\u011flam bir ayakkab\u0131ya benzemiyor. (S\u0131fat\u0131n zarf\u0131)
\n Pek ak\u0131ll\u0131s\u0131n sen de! (Adla\u015fm\u0131\u015f s\u0131fat\u0131n zarf\u0131)
\n \u0093Ne kadar\u0094 sorusu elbette sadece zarf\u0131 buldurmaz.
\n \u0093Fazla mal g\u00f6z \u00e7\u0131karmaz.\u0094 c\u00fcmlesinde alt\u0131 \u00e7izili s\u00f6zc\u00fck \u0093mal\u0094 isminin miktar\u0131n\u0131 bildirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in s\u0131fatt\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc isimlerin zarf\u0131 olmaz.
\n \u0093Bu kadar \u00e7ok arabay\u0131 nas\u0131l ta\u015f\u0131yor bu k\u00f6pr\u00fc?\u0094 derken \u0093\u00e7ok\u0094 s\u00f6z\u00fc \u0093araba\u0094 isminin s\u0131fat\u0131, \u0093bu kadar\u0094 s\u00f6z\u00fc de \u0093\u00e7ok\u0094 s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131n zarf\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bazen c\u00fcmlede birden fazla zarf\u0131n veya s\u0131fat\u0131n olmas\u0131, akl\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilir.<\/p>\n
\u0093Sevimli , sar\u0131\u015f\u0131n bir \u00e7ocuk i\u00e7eri girdi.\u0094 c\u00fcmlesinde \u0093\u00e7ocuk\u0094 isim, \u0093sar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0094 s\u0131fat, \u0093sevimli\u0094 s\u0131fattan \u00f6nce geldi\u011fi i\u00e7in zarftt\u0131r, gibi bir yanl\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye kap\u0131lmayal\u0131m. Bir s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn, zarf\u0131n ya da s\u0131fat\u0131n zarf\u0131 olmas\u0131 sadece \u0093ne kadar\u0094 sorusuna cevap vermesiyle, yani derece bildirmesiyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu c\u00fcmlede ise alt\u0131 \u00e7izili b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u00f6zc\u00fckler ismin s\u0131fatlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
5. Soru Zarf\u0131<\/p>\n
C\u00fcmlelerde zarflar\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z sorular vard\u0131. Bunlar\u0131n hepsi – nereye hari\u00e7 – soru zarflar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Nas\u0131l bu kadar g\u00fczel konu\u015fuyor?
\n Gitti\u011fi yerden ne zaman d\u00f6necek?
\n Ne kadar h\u0131zl\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcyor?
\n Neden s\u00f6z vermesine ra\u011fmen gelmiyor?
\n Ne g\u00fcl\u00fcp duruyorsun iki saattir?
\n c\u00fcmlelerinde alt\u0131 \u00e7izili s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerin hepsi soru zarf\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Zarf (Belirte\u00e7) : \u0130simlerin varl\u0131klar\u0131 ya da kavramlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, fiillerin ise hareketleri, olu\u015flar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftik. Varl\u0131klar\u0131n nas\u0131l belli nitelikleri varsa, fiillerin de belli nitelikleri vard\u0131r. \u0130smin niteli\u011fini bildiren s\u00f6zc\u00fcklere s\u0131fat demi\u015ftik. Fiillerin niteli\u011fini bildiren s\u00f6zc\u00fcklere de zarf diyoruz. \u0093G\u00fczel bir evde oturmak istiyorum.\u0094 c\u00fcmlesinde \u0093g\u00fczel\u0094 s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u0093ev\u0094 isminin niteli\u011fini bildiriyor, onun nas\u0131l oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor. \u00d6yle …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1403,1405],"tags":[9561,9562,2078,9565,9564,9563,9560],"class_list":["post-4320","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-odevler","category-turkce-odevleri","tag-belirtec","tag-durum-zarflari","tag-fiil","tag-soru-zarfi","tag-yer-yon-zarfi","tag-zaman-zarfi","tag-zarf-nedir"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4320","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4320"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4320\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4320"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4320"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4320"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}