Metinler ger\u00e7eklikle ili\u015fkileri, i\u015flevleri ve yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f ama\u00e7lar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rlar. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan metinler, sanat metinleri ve \u00f6\u011fretici metinler olmak \u00fczere i\u015flevleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r.
\nSanat metinlerinde yan anlam de\u011feri ta\u015f\u0131yan ve okuyucunun anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na, sezgisine b\u0131rak\u0131lan ifadelere yer verildi\u011fini, mecazl\u0131 ifadeler kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6ylece anlat\u0131ma \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131m ve duygu de\u011feri kazand\u0131rarak okuyucunun yeni ve farkl\u0131 anlamlar \u00e7\u0131karabildi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Sanat metinlerinde ger\u00e7ekli\u011fin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/p>\n
\u00d6\u011fretici metinler ise bilgi vermek amac\u0131yla yaz\u0131l\u0131rlar. \u00d6\u011fretici metinler g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131n ger\u00e7eklerini, tarihi olaylar\u0131, felsefi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri ve bilimsel ger\u00e7ekleri anlatan metinlerdir. \u00d6\u011fretici metinler genelde kelimelerin ilk anlamlar\u0131yla olu\u015fturulduklar\u0131ndan, bu metinler okuyucuda ayn\u0131 izlenimi b\u0131rak\u0131rlar.
\nS\u0131n\u0131flama ve s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma, felsefede \u201cbilgide ilk ve en \u00f6nemli ad\u0131m olarak, belirli \u015feylerin birli\u011fini ve \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fey t\u00fcrleri aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi kavraman\u0131n yolu; do\u011fada d\u00fczen ke\u015ffetmenin ilk ve en basit y\u00f6ntemi. Konu ve nesneleri cins t\u00fcr ili\u015fkisine g\u00f6re s\u0131ralama\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma \u00f6\u011frenmeyi, \u00f6\u011fretmeyi, ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak \u0130\u00e7in yap\u0131l\u0131r.
\nCanl\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7evrelerinde bulunan unsurlar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, insan\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan daha eskidir. Zira hayvanlar bile \u00e7evrelerinde bulunan objeleri besinler, besin olmayanlar, d\u00fc\u015fmanlar, rakipler, e\u015fler vs. \u015feklinde bir grupland\u0131rma yaparak tan\u0131rlar. S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rman\u0131n tarihi Eski Yunan\u2019a kadar uzan\u0131r. Eski Yunan bilginlerinden Hippocrates (M.\u00d6. 460-377), ilk olarak hayvan t\u00fcrlerini saym\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmaya ait bilinen en eski \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma Yunan filozof Aristoteles(M.\u00d6.354-291) taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Aristoteles yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmada \u201chava, kara ve su\u201d gibi canl\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fam ortamlar\u0131n\u0131 temel olarak alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nBilim adamlar\u0131, canl\u0131 ve cans\u0131z varl\u0131klar hakk\u0131nda sistemli ve yeterli bir bilgiye sahip olmak ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla canl\u0131 ve cans\u0131z varl\u0131klar hakk\u0131ndaki kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gidermek i\u00e7in s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmaya ihtiya\u00e7 duymu\u015flard\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131 bir\u00e7ok canl\u0131 ile \u0130lgili bilginin gelecek ku\u015faklara aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 da s\u00f6z konusu olmayabilirdi. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bilimin her kolunda ilerleme kaydedilmesinin nedeni, i\u015fte bu s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma y\u00f6nteminin olduk\u00e7a geli\u015fmi\u015f olmas\u0131 ve daha da geli\u015ftirilmesine yo\u011fun bir \u015fekilde devam edilmesidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lamayan \u015feyler anlams\u0131zd\u0131r; tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131, de\u011ferlendirilmesi, yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131 ve di\u011ferlerine iletilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Bu nedenle s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lamayan ve adland\u0131r\u0131lamayan \u015feyler sosyal ger\u00e7ekli\u011fimizin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olmaz. S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma ve adland\u0131rma \u2018\u015feyleri\u2019 tan\u0131d\u0131k hale sokar ve anlam ve \u00f6nem kazand\u0131r\u0131r.
\nS\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmada dikkate al\u0131nacak belli ba\u015fl\u0131 kurallar \u015fu \u015fekilde s\u0131ralanabilir:
\na. S\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 ay\u0131klamak ya da \u00f6beklemek i\u00e7in, her ad\u0131mda yaln\u0131zca tek bir ilke kullan\u0131labilir.
\nb. S\u0131n\u0131flama ya da b\u00f6lmenin ad\u0131mlar\u0131nda, hi\u00e7bir grup ya da s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n atlanmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na dikkat edilmelidir.
\nc. Hi\u00e7bir ara ad\u0131m unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Metinler ger\u00e7eklikle ili\u015fkileri, i\u015flevleri ve yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f ama\u00e7lar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rlar. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan metinler, sanat metinleri ve \u00f6\u011fretici metinler olmak \u00fczere i\u015flevleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Sanat metinlerinde yan anlam de\u011feri ta\u015f\u0131yan ve okuyucunun anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na, sezgisine b\u0131rak\u0131lan ifadelere yer verildi\u011fini, mecazl\u0131 ifadeler kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6ylece anlat\u0131ma \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131m ve duygu de\u011feri kazand\u0131rarak okuyucunun yeni ve farkl\u0131 anlamlar \u00e7\u0131karabildi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Sanat …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1403,1405],"tags":[668,9692,9694,9693],"class_list":["post-4384","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-odevler","category-turkce-odevleri","tag-aristoteles","tag-metinlerin-siniflandirilmasi","tag-ogretici-metinler","tag-sanat-metinleri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4384","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4384"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4384\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4384"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4384"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4384"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}