\u0130SLAM\u0130YETTEN \u00d6NCEK\u0130 T\u00dcRK TAR\u0130H\u0130<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrk Ad\u0131n\u0131n Anlam\u0131: Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar sonucunda Pers, Bizans kaynaklar\u0131 ve eski T\u00fcrk\u00e7e metinlerden anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re T\u00fcrk kelimesinin anlam\u0131n\u0131n “g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, kuvvetli” anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fi ifade edilmektedir.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkler tarih boyunca de\u011fi\u015fik adlarla bir\u00e7ok devlet kurmu\u015flard\u0131r. T\u00fcrk ad\u0131 ilk defa G\u00f6kt\u00fcrkler taraf\u0131ndan devlet ad\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve ayn\u0131 dili konu\u015fan, ayn\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcre sahip olan topluluklar\u0131n ortak ad\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. ‘T\u00fcrk” ad\u0131na ilk defa G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk Kitabeleri’nde rastlanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkler’in \u0130lk Anayurdu: T\u00fcrklerin ilk anayurdu Orta Asya’d\u0131r. Orta Asya; do\u011fuda Kingan da\u011flan, bat\u0131da Hazar Denizi, g\u00fcneyde Hindiku\u015f ve Karanl\u0131k da\u011flar\u0131, kuzeyde ise Altay da\u011flar\u0131 ve Baykal g\u00f6l\u00fc ile \u00e7evrili olan b\u00f6lgedir.<\/p>\n
Co\u011frafi \u015fartlar\u0131n elverdi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00fcst\u00fcn bir medeniyet kuran T\u00fcrkler’in ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00e7evresine “Andro-nova k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc” denilmektedir. Andronova K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc’nde tun\u00e7tan ve alt\u0131ndan e\u015fya yap\u0131m\u0131 yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. Bak\u0131r e\u015fyalar\u0131n \u00fczeri alt\u0131nla kaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Andronova’n\u0131n devam\u0131 “Karasuk K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc”d\u00fcr. D\u00fcnyada demirin i\u015flenerek \u00e7e\u015fitli e\u015fyalar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ilk defa bu k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00e7evresinde g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu maden Hindistan, Avrupa ve \u00c7in’de ancak y\u00fczy\u0131llar sonra kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130klim \u015fartlar\u0131 ve yery\u00fcz\u00fc \u015fekillerine uygun olarak T\u00fcrkler yar\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7ebe bir hayat tarz\u0131n\u0131 benimsemi\u015fler, daha \u00e7ok hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k ve tar\u0131mla u\u011fra\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrk G\u00f6\u00e7leri ve Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131
\nG\u00f6\u00e7lerin Nedenleri<\/p>\n
*\u0130klim ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak meydana gelen kurakl\u0131k, artan n\u00fcfusa mevcut topraklar\u0131n yetmemesi ve bu geli\u015fmelerin sonucunda b\u00f6lgede ge\u00e7im s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131
\n*T\u00fcrk boylar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki siyasal anla\u015fmazl\u0131klardan dolay\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan sava\u015flar
\n*D\u0131\u015f bask\u0131lardan (\u00c7in, Kitan ve Mo\u011fol) dolay\u0131 T\u00fcrklerin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmek istememeleri
\n*Salg\u0131n hayvan hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ve otlaklar\u0131n yetersiz hale gelmesi
\nG\u00f6\u00e7lerin Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/p>\n
*Orta Asya k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve medeniyeti d\u00fcnyan\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fik yerlerine yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n*Orta Asya\u2019da kalan boylar Hunlar\u0131n y\u00f6netiminde ilk T\u00fcrk devletini kurmu\u015flard\u0131r.
\n*Farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde T\u00fcrk devletleri kurulmu\u015ftur.
\n*Bat\u0131ya giden T\u00fcrkler, Kavimler G\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.
\n*T\u00fcrkler de\u011fi\u015fik k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00e7evreleriyle etkile\u015fim i\u00e7ine girmi\u015flerdir.
\n*T\u00fcrklerin \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6lgelere yay\u0131lmas\u0131, T\u00fcrk tarihinin bir b\u00fct\u00fcn halinde incelenmesini engellemi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrklerin at\u0131 ev\u00e7ille\u015ftirmeleri ve tekerle\u011fi kullanmalar\u0131 \u00e7ok uzak b\u00f6lgelere g\u00f6\u00e7 etmelerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
\u0130lk T\u00fcrk Devletleri
\n1. Asya Hun \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu<\/p>\n
Kurulduklar\u0131 tarih kesin olarak bilinmeyen Hunlar hakk\u0131nda \u00c7inlilerin verdi\u011fi bilgiler M.\u00d6. I. Bin y\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131na kadar uzan\u0131r. <\/p>\n
M.\u00d6. III. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda Hunlar, \u00c7inlilere kar\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fc\u00e7 haline gelmi\u015flerdir. \u00c7inliler, Hun ak\u0131nlar\u0131na engel olabilmek i\u00e7in kuzey s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131nda bir duvar \u00f6rmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn \u201c\u00c7in Seddi\u201d diye bildi\u011fimiz bu duvar M.\u00d6. 214 y\u0131l\u0131nda tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00c7inlilerle m\u00fccadele eden Mete Han\u2019\u0131n as\u0131l d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi, \u00c7in\u2019i etkisiz hale getirmekti. \u00c7in\u2019i y\u0131ll\u0131k vergiye ba\u011flayan Mete, g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn sembol\u00fc olarak \u00c7inli bir prensesle evlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kalabal\u0131k \u00c7in n\u00fcfusu i\u00e7erisinde T\u00fcrklerin asimile olmas\u0131ndan \u00e7ekinen Mete, \u00c7inlilerle antla\u015fma yapm\u0131\u015f ve onlarla dost kalmay\u0131 tercih etmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n
Mete Han\u2019dan sonra Hunlar zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde, \u00c7inlilerin propagandas\u0131yla Hun beyleri birbirine d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Mete\u2019nin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra zay\u0131flayan Hunlar, \u00f6nce Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 olarak sonra da G\u00fcney ve Kuzey olarak par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Kavimler G\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc<\/p>\n
Aral g\u00f6l\u00fc \u00e7evresinde toplanan Hun boylar\u0131 Orta Asya\u2019daki \u00c7in bask\u0131s\u0131 ve kurakl\u0131k y\u00fcz\u00fcnden IV. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131ndan itibaren bat\u0131ya do\u011fru g\u00f6\u00e7 ederek barbar kavimleri Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu \u00fczerine sald\u0131rmalar\u0131 sonucu Kavimler g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc olmu\u015ftur (375).<\/p>\n
Kavimler G\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/p>\n
*Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu ikiye ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (395).
\n*Bat\u0131 Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (476).
\n*Avrupa\u2019da yeni milletler ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve yeni devletler kurulmu\u015ftur. B\u00f6ylece Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar gelen etnik yap\u0131s\u0131 olu\u015fmu\u015ftur.
\n*\u0130lk\u00e7a\u011f\u2019\u0131n sonu Orta\u00e7a\u011f\u2019\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 kabul edilmi\u015ftir.
\n*Feodalite (Derebeylik) rejimi ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n*Avrupa\u2019da Hun Devleti kurulmu\u015ftur.
\n*Hristiyanl\u0131k barbar kavimler aras\u0131nda yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n2. G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk Devleti (552 – 630)<\/p>\n
G\u00f6kt\u00fcrkler T\u00fcrk ad\u0131yla kurulan ilk devlettir. Ba\u015fkentleri \u00d6t\u00fcken, ilk h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131 Bumin Ka\u011fan\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00dclkenin bat\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6neten \u0130stemi Yabgu bat\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde fetih hareketlerinde bulunmu\u015f, Akhunlara kar\u015f\u0131 Sasanilerle birle\u015fmi\u015f ve bu devletin topraklar\u0131 G\u00f6kt\u00fcrkler ile Sasaniler aras\u0131nda payla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7inlilerin G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk Devleti\u2019ni i\u00e7i\u015flerine kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sonucunda 582 tarihinde \u00fclke ikiye ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Do\u011fu G\u00f6kt\u00fcrkleri 630 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Bat\u0131 G\u00f6kt\u00fcrkleri ise 659 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c7in egemenli\u011fine girerek y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
3. Kutluk Devleti (682 – 745)<\/p>\n
Kutluk Devleti\u2019nin en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemler Bilge Ka\u011fan ve karde\u015fi K\u00fcl Ti\u011fin d\u00f6nemleri olmu\u015ftur. Vezir Tonyukuk ise dan\u0131\u015fman olarak Kutluk Devleti\u2019nin siyasetinde \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bilge Ka\u011fan \u00f6ld\u00fckten sonra Kutluk Devleti\u2019nde i\u00e7 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Basmil, Karluk ve Uygur T\u00fcrkleri Kutluk Devleti\u2019ne son vermi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n
4. Uygur Devleti (745 – 840)<\/p>\n
Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019a yerle\u015fen Uygurlar, di\u011fer T\u00fcrk boylar\u0131n\u0131 egemenlikleri alt\u0131na ald\u0131lar. Uygurlar\u0131n en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fi yerle\u015fik hayat\u0131 benimseyen ilk T\u00fcrk toplumu olmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle tar\u0131m, sanat ve ticarette ilerlemi\u015flerdir. Mani dinine ait tap\u0131naklar yaparak mimaride geli\u015fme g\u00f6stermi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n
Uygurlar, XIII. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Cengiz Han\u2019\u0131n egemenli\u011fini kabul etmi\u015flerdir. Bundan sonra Mo\u011follar Uygur T\u00fcrklerini \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revlere getirmi\u015flerdir. Uygur yaz\u0131s\u0131, Mo\u011follar\u0131n da yaz\u0131s\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Uygurlar, di\u011fer T\u00fcrk topluluklar\u0131 ile birlikte Mo\u011follar\u0131n T\u00fcrkle\u015fmesinde \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u00c7a\u011fatay ve \u00d6zbek T\u00fcrkleri bu \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130lk T\u00fcrk Devletlerinde K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Medeniyet
\nDevlet Y\u00f6netimi<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrklerde h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar \u00fclkeyi t\u00f6relere, gelenek ve g\u00f6reneklere g\u00f6re y\u00f6netirlerdi. H\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131n g\u00f6revi da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k boylar\u0131 toplamak, halk\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 gidermek, toplumda adalet ve e\u015fitli\u011fi sa\u011flamak, halk\u0131n huzur ve g\u00fcvenini sa\u011flamakt\u0131.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrklerde iktidar\u0131 ve h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 kontrol eden, sava\u015f ve bar\u0131\u015f gibi konularda devleti ilgilendiren \u00f6nemli konular\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fen ve kurultay ad\u0131 verilen bir meclis bulunuyordu.<\/p>\n
Baz\u0131 T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131 kurultay\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 uygulamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu durum kurultay\u0131n dan\u0131\u015fma meclisine benzedi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n
Eski T\u00fcrklerde, devlet y\u00f6netme g\u00f6revinin H\u00fck\u00fcmdarlara tanr\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan verildi\u011fine olan inan\u00e7 halk\u0131n Hakan\u2019a mutlak ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131lara kadar T\u00fcrk devletlerinde \u201c\u00dclke topraklar\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmdar ailesinin ortak mal\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 devam etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Bu uygulaman\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
*Aile \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131nda s\u0131k s\u0131k taht kavgalar\u0131 ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n*T\u00fcrk devletleri k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f ve y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca irili ufakl\u0131 bir\u00e7ok devletin kurulmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur.
\n*\u0130\u00e7 m\u00fccadeleler T\u00fcrk devletlerinin zay\u0131flamas\u0131na ve d\u0131\u015f m\u00fcdahalelere ortam haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nOrdu<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrk devletlerinde hemen her T\u00fcrk sava\u015fa haz\u0131r durumda oldu\u011fundan, askerlik \u00f6zel bir meslek say\u0131lmazd\u0131. T\u00fcrk ordusunun temeli, atl\u0131 askerlerden meydana gelmi\u015ftir. D\u00fczenli ve disiplinli ilk T\u00fcrk ordusunun kurucusu Mete Han\u2019d\u0131r. Mete Han, T\u00fcrk ordusunu \u201conlu sisteme\u201d g\u00f6re te\u015fkilatland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Onba\u015f\u0131, Y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131, Binba\u015f\u0131 ve T\u00fcmenba\u015f\u0131 gibi).<\/p>\n
Hukuk<\/p>\n
Eski T\u00fcrklerde yaz\u0131l\u0131 hukuk yoktu. T\u00fcrklerin \u00e2det, gelenek ve g\u00f6reneklerinden olu\u015fan yaz\u0131s\u0131z hukuka \u201ct\u00f6re\u201d (t\u00fcre) denilirdi. Bununla beraber, t\u00f6renin anayasa niteli\u011finde, adalet, e\u015fitlik ve iyilik gibi de\u011fi\u015fmez ilkeleri vard\u0131. <\/p>\n
Uygurlarla birlikte hukuk daha sa\u011flam ve \u015fekilci bir nitelik kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ticaret hayat\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmesi, ki\u015filer aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerin \u201ckan\u0131tlanabilir\u201d nitelikte olmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirdi\u011finden yaz\u0131l\u0131 ve tan\u0131kl\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler \u00f6nem kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrklerin ceza i\u015flerinin kesin h\u00fckme ba\u011flanmas\u0131 ve devlet tarafindan takip edilmesi toplumda ”kan g\u00fctme” gelene\u011finide engellemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Din ve \u0130nan\u0131\u015f<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrklerde en eski din G\u00f6ktanr\u0131 dinidir. G\u00f6kten ba\u015fka baz\u0131 da\u011f, \u0131rmak, vadi gibi varl\u0131klarda bir tak\u0131m gizli g\u00fc\u00e7lerin bulundu\u011funa inan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Bu arada g\u00fcne\u015f ve ay kutsal say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Eski T\u00fcrklerde tanr\u0131, sonsuzdur ve herhangi bir \u015fekle sokulamaz. Bundan dolay\u0131 T\u00fcrklerde put\u00e7uluk olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi putlar\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan tap\u0131naklar da yoktur.<\/p>\n
\u00d6ld\u00fckten sonra dirilmeye inanan Hunlar, \u00f6l\u00fclerini g\u00fcnl\u00fck e\u015fyalar\u0131yla birlikte g\u00f6merlerdi. T\u00fcrklerdeki tek Allah inanc\u0131 ve yeniden dirilme d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi T\u00fcrklerin \u0130sl\u00e2m dinini kolayl\u0131kla benimsemelerinde etkili olmu\u015ftur. T\u00fcrkler Maniheizm, Budizm, Nasturizm (tabiat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k), Musevilik, Hristiyanl\u0131k ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131k gibi inan\u00e7lar\u0131 kabul etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n
Sosyal ve \u0130ktisadi Hayat<\/p>\n
Hunlar ve G\u00f6kt\u00fcrkler d\u00f6nemlerinde g\u00f6\u00e7ebe bir hayat s\u00fcren halk \u00e7ad\u0131rlarda ya\u015f\u0131yordu. T\u00fcrklerin ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 co\u011frafi \u015fartlar hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k faaliyetlerini \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkler Uygurlar d\u00f6neminde yerle\u015fik hayata ge\u00e7mi\u015flerdir. Bu geli\u015fmeler sonucunda T\u00fcrklerde mimari geli\u015fmi\u015f, \u015fehircilik ve \u015fehir k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrk devletlerinde sosyal hayat s\u0131n\u0131fs\u0131zd\u0131. Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olan bir ki\u015fi en \u00fcst g\u00f6revlere kadar \u00e7\u0131kabilirdi. Ayr\u0131ca T\u00fcrklerde k\u00f6lecilik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 yay\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Elveri\u015fli b\u00f6lgelerde tar\u0131m faaliyetleriyle u\u011fra\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkler arpa, bu\u011fday ve dar\u0131 gibi tah\u0131llar\u0131 yeti\u015ftirmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n
Yenilgiye u\u011frat\u0131lan ve egemenlik alt\u0131na al\u0131nan \u00fclkelerden al\u0131nan y\u0131ll\u0131k vergiler ve halktan toplanan vergiler T\u00fcrk ekonomisine destek olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkler yak\u0131n kom\u015fular\u0131yla yo\u011fun ticari ili\u015fkilerde bulunmu\u015flar, ticaret yapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fclkelere canl\u0131 hayvan, konserve et, deri, k\u00f6sele, k\u00fcrk ve hayvani g\u0131dalar satm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrklerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 topraklardan ge\u00e7en \u0130pek ve K\u00fcrk Yollar\u0131 T\u00fcrk devletlerine \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde gelir sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0130SLAM\u0130YETTEN \u00d6NCEK\u0130 T\u00dcRK TAR\u0130H\u0130 T\u00fcrk Ad\u0131n\u0131n Anlam\u0131: Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar sonucunda Pers, Bizans kaynaklar\u0131 ve eski T\u00fcrk\u00e7e metinlerden anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re T\u00fcrk kelimesinin anlam\u0131n\u0131n “g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, kuvvetli” anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fi ifade edilmektedir. T\u00fcrkler tarih boyunca de\u011fi\u015fik adlarla bir\u00e7ok devlet kurmu\u015flard\u0131r. T\u00fcrk ad\u0131 ilk defa G\u00f6kt\u00fcrkler taraf\u0131ndan devlet ad\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve ayn\u0131 dili konu\u015fan, ayn\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcre sahip olan topluluklar\u0131n …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1403,1406],"tags":[1642,1646,1418,1644,1640,1649,1648,1638,1633,1645,1643,1641,1639,1647],"class_list":["post-457","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-odevler","category-sosyal-bilgiler-odevleri","tag-asya-hun-imparatorlugu","tag-bilge-kagan","tag-cengiz-han","tag-feodalite","tag-gokturkler","tag-hunlar","tag-ilk-turk-devletlerinde-kultur-ve-medeniyet","tag-islamiyetten-onceki-turk-tarihi","tag-kavimler-gocu","tag-kutluk-devleti","tag-mete-han","tag-turk-adini-ilk-kim-kullandi","tag-turk-adinin-anlami","tag-uygur-devleti"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/457","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=457"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/457\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=457"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=457"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=457"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}