N\u00fcfus, belirli bir yerde ya\u015fayan insan say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder.
\nN\u00dcFUS ARTI\u015eI
\nDo\u011fum oran\u0131 ile \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki fark n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Bir \u00fclkede do\u011fum oran\u0131 fazla, \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131 az ise n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131 meydana gelir. \u00d6l\u00fcm oran\u0131 do\u011fum oran\u0131ndan fazla olursa, n\u00fcfusta azalma meydana gelir. Genellikle az geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 fazla, geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde ise n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 azd\u0131r.
\n N\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 ile kalk\u0131nma h\u0131z\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir ili\u015fki bulunmaktad\u0131r.
\n Buna g\u00f6re;
\n \u2022 N\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 kalk\u0131nma h\u0131z\u0131ndan y\u00fcksek ise, \u00fclkenin geli\u015fimi yava\u015flar veya geriler.
\n \u2022 N\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 kalk\u0131nma h\u0131z\u0131ndan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ise, \u00fclkenin geli\u015fimi artar.
\n N\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n olumlu sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 oldu\u011fu gibi, olumsuz sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 da olabilmektedir.
\n a. N\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n olumlu sonu\u00e7lar\u0131
\n \u2022 \u00dcretim artar.
\n \u2022 Vergi gelirleri artar.
\n \u2022 Mal ve hizmetlere talep artar.
\n \u2022 Yeni end\u00fcstri dallar\u0131 do\u011far.
\n \u2022 \u0130\u015f\u00e7i \u00fccretleri ucuzlar.
\n \u2022 \u0130hracatta rekabet kolayla\u015f\u0131r.
\n b. N\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n olumsuz sonu\u00e7lar\u0131
\n \u2022 \u0130\u015fsizlik artar.
\n \u2022 Kalk\u0131nma h\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer.
\n \u2022 Ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen milli gelir azal\u0131r.
\n \u2022 Tasarruflar azal\u0131r.
\n \u2022 T\u00fcketim artar.
\n \u2022 \u0130\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f g\u00f6\u00e7ler artar.
\n \u2022 \u0130nsanlar\u0131n temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 zorla\u015f\u0131r.
\n \u2022 \u0130hracat azal\u0131r.
\n \u2022 Demo\u011frafik (n\u00fcfusa ba\u011fl\u0131) yat\u0131r\u0131mlar artar.
\n \u2022 \u00c7evre kirlenmesi artar.
\n \u2022 Belediye hizmetleri zorla\u015f\u0131r.
\nT\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DE N\u00dcFUS SAYIMLARI VE SONU\u00c7LARI
\n N\u00fcfusla ilgili bilgiler, genellikle n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan elde edilir. Bu say\u0131mlarla n\u00fcfusun say\u0131s\u0131, meslek gruplar\u0131, ya\u015f durumu, e\u011fitim, ailedeki n\u00fcfus say\u0131s\u0131, kad\u0131n – erkek n\u00fcfusu, n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 gibi bilgiler elde edilebilir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ilk n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131 1927 y\u0131l\u0131nda, en son n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131 ise, 22 Ekim 2000 tarihinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n \u2022 1927 – 2000 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu ve miktar\u0131 s\u00fcrekli artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n \u2022 1927 y\u0131l\u0131nda 13,6 milyon olan n\u00fcfus, 1997 y\u0131l\u0131nda 62,8 milyona y\u00fckselmi\u015f, 2000 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki son say\u0131mda 70 milyon civar\u0131nda olmu\u015ftur.
\n \u2022 N\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 en az 1940 – 1945 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, en fazla 1955 – 1960 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.
\n T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DE N\u00dcFUSUN DA\u011eILI\u015eI
\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki co\u011frafi b\u00f6lgeler, b\u00f6l\u00fcmler ve y\u00f6reler aras\u0131nda n\u00fcfus miktar\u0131 ve yo\u011funlu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnden \u00f6nemli farklar bulunmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de n\u00fcfusun farkl\u0131 da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda etkili olan fakt\u00f6rler \u015funlard\u0131r:
\n1. Fiziki Fakt\u00f6rler
\n a. \u0130klim \u00f6zellikleri: \u00dclkemizde n\u00fcfusun yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu yerlerin, genelde k\u0131y\u0131 b\u00f6lgeler olmas\u0131nda \u0131l\u0131man iklimin b\u00fcy\u00fck etkisi vard\u0131r. Kurak ve k\u0131\u015flar\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 so\u011fuk ge\u00e7en yerlerde n\u00fcfus fazla yo\u011fun de\u011fildir.
\n b. Yer\u015fekilleri: \u00dclkemizde y\u00fcksek ve engebeli yerlerde n\u00fcfus azd\u0131r. Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi, Ta\u015feli pl\u00e2-tosu, Mente\u015fe y\u00f6resi gibi yerler bunlara \u00f6rnek verilebilir.
\n c. Toprak \u00f6zellikleri: Verimli topraklar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu alanlar (\u00c7ukurova, Gediz, B. Menderes) n\u00fcfus\u00e7a kalabal\u0131k iken, Tuz G\u00f6l\u00fc \u00e7evresi gibi yerlerde verimsiz topraklar bulundu\u011fundan n\u00fcfus \u00e7ok azd\u0131r.
\n2. Be\u015feri Fakt\u00f6rler
\n a. Sanayile\u015fme: B\u00fct\u00fcn D\u00fcnya\u2019da oldu\u011fu gibi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de, sanayile\u015fmenin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130stanbul, \u0130zmit, Adapazar\u0131, Bursa, Adana ve \u0130zmir buna \u00f6rnektir.
\n b. Tar\u0131m: Tar\u0131m\u0131n geli\u015fti\u011fi yerler yo\u011fun n\u00fcfusludur. \u00c7ukurova, Gediz, Bafra ve \u00c7ar\u015famba ovalar\u0131 \u00e7evresi gibi.
\n c. Yeralt\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131: Madenlerin veya enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fletilmesinde yo\u011fun n\u00fcfusa ihtiya\u00e7 oldu\u011fundan, bu alanlarda da n\u00fcfus fazlad\u0131r. Zonguldak, Soma, Elbistan buna \u00f6rnektir.
\n d. Turizm: \u00dclkemizde, Ege ve Akdeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131ndaki merkezlerde turizmden dolay\u0131 n\u00fcfus yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n e. Ula\u015f\u0131m: Ula\u015f\u0131m yollar\u0131 kav\u015fa\u011f\u0131nda bulunan illerimizin n\u00fcfusu artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Eski\u015fehir, Ankara, Kayseri, \u0130stanbul gibi illerin geli\u015fmesinde, ula\u015f\u0131m yollar\u0131 \u00fczerinde bulunmalar\u0131 da etkili olmu\u015ftur.
\nN\u00dcFUS YO\u011eUNLU\u011eU
\n 1. Aritmetik N\u00fcfus Yo\u011funlu\u011fu
\n Bir \u00fclke veya b\u00f6lgedeki toplam n\u00fcfusun, o \u00fclke veya b\u00f6lgenin y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcne b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesiyle elde edilen say\u0131ya, aritmetik n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu denir.
\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc (izd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm alan\u0131 olarak) 779.452 km2, toplam n\u00fcfusu da 62.865.574 (1997) dir. Buna g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin aritmetik n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu, 1997 y\u0131l\u0131na g\u00f6re yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 81’dir. Ancak, bu yo\u011funluk \u00e7ok kaba olarak n\u00fcfusun da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir ve sadece \u00fclkelerin n\u00fcfus yo\u011funluklar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131yaslamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Oysa il ve il\u00e7elerin n\u00fcfuslar\u0131 ve y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri dikkate al\u0131narak yap\u0131lan aritmetik yo\u011funluk, ger\u00e7e\u011fe daha yak\u0131n rakamlar vermektedir.
\n 2. Tar\u0131msal N\u00fcfus Yo\u011funlu\u011fu
\n Bir \u00fclkede veya herhangi bir sahada, tar\u0131m ve hayvanc\u0131l\u0131kla ge\u00e7inen n\u00fcfusun, tar\u0131msal alana b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesiyle elde edilen n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011funa tar\u0131msal n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu denir. Bu y\u00f6ntem, aritmetik n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011funa g\u00f6re, daha ger\u00e7ek\u00e7idir.
\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de tar\u0131msal n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu b\u00f6lge ve iller aras\u0131nda farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir. Bunda yer\u015fekillerinin da\u011fl\u0131k ve oval\u0131k olmas\u0131yla, tar\u0131mda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan n\u00fcfusun miktar\u0131 etkili olmaktad\u0131r.
\n Genel olarak, tar\u0131msal n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu, da\u011fl\u0131k alanlar\u0131m\u0131zda fazla, geni\u015f tar\u0131msal ovalar\u0131m\u0131zda ise d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.
\n 3. Fizyolojik N\u00fcfus Yo\u011funlu\u011fu
\n Toplam n\u00fcfusun, ekili – dikili alanlara b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan yo\u011funlu\u011fa fizyolojik n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu denilmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
N\u00fcfus, belirli bir yerde ya\u015fayan insan say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder. N\u00dcFUS ARTI\u015eI Do\u011fum oran\u0131 ile \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki fark n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Bir \u00fclkede do\u011fum oran\u0131 fazla, \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131 az ise n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131 meydana gelir. \u00d6l\u00fcm oran\u0131 do\u011fum oran\u0131ndan fazla olursa, n\u00fcfusta azalma meydana gelir. Genellikle az geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 fazla, geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde ise …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1403,1406],"tags":[4090,10039,10038,4093,3118,10037,3641,4092],"class_list":["post-4630","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-odevler","category-sosyal-bilgiler-odevleri","tag-aritmetik-nufus-yogunlugu","tag-cografi-bolgeler","tag-dogum-orani","tag-fizyolojik-nufus-yogunlugu","tag-nufus-artis-hizi","tag-nufus-nedir-nufus-ile-ilgili-genel-bilgi","tag-tarim","tag-tarimsal-nufus-yogunlugu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4630","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4630"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4630\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4630"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4630"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4630"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}