Heyelan,topra\u011f\u0131n \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131 ile birlikte alttaki ana kayan\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yerden kayarak yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmesidir. <\/p>\n
HEYELANDA ETK\u0130L\u0130 FAKT\u00d6RLER <\/p>\n
E\u011fimin fazla olmas\u0131. <\/p>\n
Ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n fazla olmas\u0131
\nToprak \u00f6zellikleri (killi olmas\u0131) <\/p>\n
Tabakalar e\u011fime paralel ise heyelan daha fazla g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. <\/p>\n
Yol yap\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ile yama\u00e7 denge profilinin bozulmas\u0131. <\/p>\n
Depremler <\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de heyelan olay\u0131 en fazla Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde Do\u011fuKaradeniz B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Sebepleri: Ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n ve e\u011fimin fazla olmas\u0131 ile topra\u011f\u0131n killi olmas\u0131d\u0131r. En fazla g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00f6nem ilkbahard\u0131r. Sebebi kar erimeleri ile topra\u011f\u0131n suya doygun hale gelmesidir. <\/p>\n
EROZYON <\/p>\n
Erozyon (toprak a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131), koruyucu \u00f6rt\u00fcden yoksun kalan topra\u011f\u0131n su ve r\u00fczgar\u0131n etkisiyle a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 ve ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 olay\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Akarsu ve r\u00fczgar erozyonunun birlikte etkili oldu\u011fu yerlerin ortak \u00f6zelli\u011fi bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc bak\u0131m\u0131ndan fakir olmalar\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n
EROZYONDA ETK\u0130L\u0130 FAKT\u00d6RLER <\/p>\n
Arazinin \u00e7ok engebeli olmas\u0131,
\nE\u011fimli arazilerde arazinin e\u011fime paralel s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi. <\/p>\n
Bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn tahrip edilmesi: Orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131, tarla a\u00e7mak amac\u0131yla a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n kesilmesi, otlaklarda a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 otlat\u0131lma yap\u0131lmas\u0131, an\u0131z \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn yak\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi. <\/p>\n
Ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n sa\u011fanak ya\u011f\u0131\u015f \u015feklinde olmas\u0131 Tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131n ama\u00e7 d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 (Tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131na fabrika yap\u0131m\u0131, Tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131n yerle\u015fmeye a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi) H\u0131zl\u0131 n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile topra\u011f\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 i\u015flenmesi
\nEROZYONUN SONU\u00c7LARI <\/p>\n
Verimsizle\u015fen ve yok olan tar\u0131m arazileri \u00fczerinde ya\u015fayanlar\u0131 besleyemez duruma gelip, k\u0131rsal kesimden kentlere do\u011fru g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc artt\u0131r\u0131r.
\nEkolojik denge bozulur.
\nMeralar\u0131n yok olmas\u0131 hayvanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n gerilemesine neden olur.
\nErozyon sonucu ta\u015f\u0131nan verimli topraklar, baraj g\u00f6llerinidoldurarak, ekonomik \u00f6m\u00fcrlerini k\u0131salt\u0131r.
\nBitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc ve topra\u011f\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir y\u00fczey, kar ve ya\u011fmur sular\u0131n\u0131 emmedi\u011finden, do\u011fal su kaynaklar\u0131 d\u00fczenli ve s\u00fcrekli olarak beslenemez.
\nKaybedilen toprak \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn yeniden olu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in binlerce y\u0131l gerekir.
\n\u0130\u00e7me sular\u0131nda kirlenme olur.
\nEROZYONU \u00d6NLEMEK \u0130\u00c7\u0130N; <\/p>\n
Mevcut bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc korunarak a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rma yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n
E\u011fimli tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131nda tarla e\u011fime dik s\u00fcr\u00fclmeli veya tara\u00e7a (seki) yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r
\nN\u00f6betle\u015fe tar\u0131m y\u00f6ntemi uygulanmal\u0131 (bu y\u00f6ntemde as\u0131l ama\u00e7 erozyonu \u00f6nlemek de\u011fildir. Verimi art\u0131rmakt\u0131r.)
\nOtlaklarda erken ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 otlatma yap\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.
\nBaraj g\u00f6l\u00fc yama\u00e7lar\u0131 a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\nAkarsu ta\u015fk\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00f6nlenmelidir.
\nAn\u0131z \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc yak\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.
\nT\u00dcRK\u0130YE’DE EROZYON
\nD\u00fcnyada oldu\u011fu gibi T\u00fcrkiye’de de toprak kayb\u0131 s\u00fcrecinin en \u00f6nemli etkeni erozyondur. Arazi e\u011fimi, iklim, bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc ve toprak \u00f6zelliklerinin etkile\u015fimi sonucu olu\u015fan do\u011fal erozyonun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, insan\u0131n do\u011faya m\u00fcdahalesi temeline dayanan bir dizi yapay etken, erozyonu bir afet niteli\u011fine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmektedir. <\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye kara y\u00fczeyinin %90\u2019\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fiddetlerde erozyon devam etmektedir T\u00fcrkiye’de akarsularla birlikte birim alandan ta\u015f\u0131nan toprak, ABD’nin 7, Avrupa’n\u0131n 17 ve Afrika’n\u0131n 22 kat\u0131 daha fazla d\u00fczeydedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Heyelan,topra\u011f\u0131n \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131 ile birlikte alttaki ana kayan\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yerden kayarak yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmesidir. HEYELANDA ETK\u0130L\u0130 FAKT\u00d6RLER E\u011fimin fazla olmas\u0131. Ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n fazla olmas\u0131 Toprak \u00f6zellikleri (killi olmas\u0131) Tabakalar e\u011fime paralel ise heyelan daha fazla g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Yol yap\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ile yama\u00e7 denge profilinin bozulmas\u0131. Depremler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de heyelan olay\u0131 en fazla Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde Do\u011fuKaradeniz B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Sebepleri: Ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1403,1406],"tags":[3229,10681,2926,4070,10679,10680],"class_list":["post-5025","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-odevler","category-sosyal-bilgiler-odevleri","tag-akarsu","tag-baraj-golu","tag-bitki-ortusu","tag-depremler","tag-heyelan-ve-erozyon","tag-toprak-asinmasi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5025","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5025"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5025\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5025"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5025"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5025"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}