T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DE \u0130KL\u0130M ELEMANLARI<\/p>\n
A. SICAKLIK<\/p>\n
1. Y\u0131ll\u0131k Ortalama S\u0131cakl\u0131k Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/p>\n
En d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ortalama s\u0131cakl\u0131klar, Kuzeydo\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.
\n En y\u00fcksek ortalama s\u0131cakl\u0131klar, G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nin g\u00fcneyi ile Akdeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.
\n En d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131k ile en y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k aras\u0131ndaki fark 8\u00b0C den fazlad\u0131r.
\n S\u0131cakl\u0131k genelde g\u00fcneyden kuzeye gidildik\u00e7e azalmaktad\u0131r.
\n 2. Temmuz Ay\u0131 Ortalama S\u0131cakl\u0131k Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/p>\n
Temmuz ay\u0131nda, b\u00f6lgeler aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131cakl\u0131k fark\u0131 Ocak ay\u0131na oranla daha azd\u0131r.
\n Temmuz ay\u0131nda en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131k, Kuzeydo\u011fu Anadolu, Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131 ve Marmara\u2019n\u0131n kuzeyinde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.
\n Bu ayda en y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klar , G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi’nde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr
\n 3.Ocak Ay\u0131 Ortalama S\u0131cakl\u0131k Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/p>\n
Ocak ay\u0131nda, b\u00f6lgeler aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131cakl\u0131k fark\u0131, Temmuz ay\u0131na oranla daha fazlad\u0131r.
\n En d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131klar, Kuzeydo\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.
\n En y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klar Akdeniz k\u0131y\u0131 kesiminde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.
\n B. BASIN\u00c7 ve R\u00dcZG\u00c2RLAR<\/p>\n
BASIN\u00c7<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi en \u00e7ok etkileyen gezici bas\u0131n\u00e7 merkezleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
a. Sibirya Antisiklonu: Sibirya \u00fczerinde olu\u015fur. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi k\u0131\u015f\u0131n etkiler. So\u011fuk ve kar getirir. 60\u00b0 enlemleri \u00e7evresinde olu\u015fmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, so\u011fumadan dolay\u0131 termik k\u00f6kenlidir.<\/p>\n
b. Asor Antisiklonu: Atlas Okyanusu \u00fczerindeki Asor Adalar\u0131 \u00e7evresinde, 30\u00b0 DYB alan\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n
K\u0131\u015f mevsiminde Sibirya antisiklonu ile birle\u015ferek T\u00fcrkiye \u00fczerinde etkili oldu\u011funda \u0130zlanda siklonu T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye sokulamaz. Bunun sonucunda da \u00fclkemizde k\u0131\u015flar so\u011fuk, sert ve kar ya\u011f\u0131\u015fl\u0131 ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n
c. Basra Siklonu: Basra K\u00f6rfezi \u00e7evresinin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131yla olu\u015fur. Samyeli r\u00fczg\u00e2rlar\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla Akdeniz ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu b\u00f6lgelerinde etkili olur. Havadaki nemi kurutarak s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve buharla\u015fmay\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r. 30\u00b0 Kuzey enlemi \u00e7evresinde olu\u015fmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u0131s\u0131nmadan dolay\u0131 termik k\u00f6kenlidir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yaz mevsiminde etkilidir.<\/p>\n
d. \u0130zlanda Siklonu: \u0130zlanda \u00fczerinde olu\u015fur. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de k\u0131\u015f\u0131n ve ilkbaharda etkili olur. Etkili oldu\u011funda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de k\u0131\u015flar \u0131l\u0131k, k\u0131sa ve ya\u011fmurlu ge\u00e7er. 60\u00b0 enlemleri \u00e7evresinde olu\u015ftu\u011fu i\u00e7in dinamik k\u00f6kenlidir.<\/p>\n
R\u00dcZG\u00c2RLAR<\/p>\n
a. So\u011fuk Yerel R\u00fczg\u00e2rlar<\/p>\n
Karayel: Balkanlar\u2019daki y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve Basra K\u00f6rfezi\u2019ndeki al\u00e7ak bas\u0131n\u00e7 sonucu olu\u015fur. Kuzeybat\u0131dan so\u011fuk ve kuru olarak eser. K\u0131\u015f mevsiminde Marmara B\u00f6lgesi ile Bat\u0131 Karadeniz\u2019de s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 azaltarak kar ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131na neden olur.<\/p>\n
Y\u0131ld\u0131z: Kuzeyden eser. Karadeniz \u00fczerinden geldi\u011fi i\u00e7in so\u011fuk ve nemlidir. Karadeniz Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019nda ya\u011f\u0131\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Poyraz: Marmara, Karadeniz ve \u0130\u00e7 b\u00f6lgelerimize kuzeydo\u011fudan esen so\u011fuk, kuru bir r\u00fczgard\u0131r. Do\u011fu Avrupa\u2019daki y\u00fcksek bas\u0131nc\u0131n etkisi sonucunda olu\u015fur. K\u0131\u015f\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 azaltarak kar ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131na neden olur. Yaz poyraz\u0131 ise serin ve kuru olarak eser.<\/p>\n
Ege Denizi\u2019nde, yaz\u0131n poyraz benzeri r\u00fczg\u00e2rlar tam kuzeyden eserler. Eski Yunanl\u0131lar bu r\u00fczgarlara, ticaret r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131 anlam\u0131nda Etesia demi\u015flerdir. Bug\u00fcn de, D\u00fcnya literat\u00fcr\u00fcnde Ege Denizi\u2019nde yaz\u0131n kuzeyden esen r\u00fczg\u00e2rlara etezyen (etesien) denilmektedir.<\/p>\n
b. S\u0131cak Yerel R\u00fczg\u00e2rlar<\/p>\n
Lodos: Kuzey Afrika\u2019daki y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve Hazar Denizi\u2019ndeki al\u00e7ak bas\u0131n\u00e7 sonucu olu\u015fur. Marmara, Ege ve Akdeniz b\u00f6lgelerinde etkilidir. Akdeniz\u2019den geldi\u011fi i\u00e7in nemli ve s\u0131cakt\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7 kesimlere sokulurken y\u00fckseltinin etkisiyle so\u011fuyarak ya\u011f\u0131\u015fa neden olur. K\u0131\u015f mevsiminde etkili oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerde, s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rarak kar erimelerine neden olur.<\/p>\n
K\u0131ble: G\u00fcneyden eser. \u0130\u00e7 kesimlerimizde etkili olur. Akdeniz B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde nemli ve s\u0131cak, i\u00e7 kesimlerde ise, kuru ve s\u0131cak olarak eser.<\/p>\n
Ke\u015fi\u015fleme (Samyeli): 30\u00b0 enlemi \u00e7evresindeki dinamik y\u00fcksek bas\u0131nc\u0131n etkisi sonucu olu\u015fur. Suriye \u00c7\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019nden G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu\u2019ya do\u011fru eser. S\u0131cak ve kurudur. Bitkiler \u00fczerinde kurutucu etkisi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
C. NEM ve YA\u011eI\u015eLAR<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u011f\u0131\u015f da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 haritas\u0131 ile yer\u015fekilleri haritas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, aralar\u0131nda yak\u0131n ilgi bulundu\u011fu tespit edilmektedir.
\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de fazla ya\u011f\u0131\u015f alan yerler (1000 mm. den fazla), Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 Karadeniz b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri ile baz\u0131 Bat\u0131 ve Do\u011fu Anadolu da\u011flar\u0131d\u0131r. En fazla ya\u011f\u0131\u015f alan yer Rize \u00e7evresidir. (2400 mm. den fazla)
\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de orta derecede ya\u011f\u0131\u015f alan yerler (500 mm – 1000 mm aras\u0131), Akdeniz, Ege, Marmara, Orta Karadeniz, Do\u011fu Anadolu ve \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu\u2019nun kuzey kesimleridir.
\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de az ya\u011f\u0131\u015f alan yerler (500 mm nin alt\u0131nda), \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu, G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu ve yer yer Do\u011fu Anadolu\u2019nun \u00e7ukur yerleridir. En az ya\u011f\u0131\u015f alan yer, Tuz G\u00f6l\u00fc \u00e7evresi ile I\u011fd\u0131r Ovas\u0131 civar\u0131d\u0131r. (250 mm nin alt\u0131nda)
\n T\u00fcrkiye’de \u0130klimi \u00c7e\u015fitleri
\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de genel olarak \u00fc\u00e7 ana iklim tipi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.Bunlar; Karadeniz \u0130klimi, Akdeniz \u0130klimi ve Karasal iklimdir. <\/p>\n
1)KARADEN\u0130Z \u0130KL\u0130M\u0130:Bu iklim as\u0131l olarak Kuzey Anadolu Da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n Karadeniz\u2019e bakan yama\u00e7lar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Genel \u00f6zellikleri \u015funlard\u0131r: <\/p>\n
Her mevsim ya\u011f\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r.
\n Do\u011fu Karadeniz B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde maksimum ya\u011f\u0131\u015f sonbaharda, minimum ya\u011f\u0131\u015f ilkbaharda d\u00fc\u015fer. Y\u0131ll\u0131k ya\u011f\u0131\u015f miktar\u0131 2000-2500 mm\u2019dir.
\n Bat\u0131 Karadeniz B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde maksimum ya\u011f\u0131\u015f sonbaharda, minimum ya\u011f\u0131\u015f ilkbaharda d\u00fc\u015fer. Y\u0131ll\u0131k ya\u011f\u0131\u015f miktar\u0131 1000-1500 mm\u2019dir.
\n Orta Karadeniz B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde ise maksimum ya\u011f\u0131\u015f k\u0131\u015f\u0131n, minimum ya\u011f\u0131\u015f yaz\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fer. Y\u0131ll\u0131k ya\u011f\u0131\u015f miktar\u0131 700-1000 mm\u2019dir.
\n Karadeniz ikliminin g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc alanlarda kar ya\u011f\u0131\u015fl\u0131 g\u00fcnlerin ortalamas\u0131 18 g\u00fcnd\u00fcr.
\n Y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama s\u0131cakl\u0131k 13-15\u00b0C\u2019dir.
\n Ocak ay\u0131 ortalama s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 6-7\u00b0C\u2019dir.
\n Temmuz ay\u0131 ortalama s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 21-23\u00b0C\u2019dir.
\n Y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u0131cakl\u0131k fark\u0131 13-15\u00b0C\u2019dir.
\n Do\u011fal bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc ormand\u0131r.Y\u00fcksek alanlarda Alpin \u00e7ay\u0131rlar g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
2)AKDEN\u0130Z \u0130KL\u0130M\u0130:Bu iklim tipi \u00fclkemizde en belirgin olarak Akdeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclmekle birlikte, Ege ve Marmara B\u00f6lgelerinde de etkili olmaktad\u0131r. Genel \u00f6zellikleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
Yazlar s\u0131cak ve kurak, k\u0131\u015flar \u0131l\u0131k ve ya\u011f\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r.
\n Maksimum ya\u011f\u0131\u015f k\u0131\u015f\u0131n, minimum ya\u011f\u0131\u015f yaz\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fer.
\n Yaz ve k\u0131\u015f ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki fark olduk\u00e7a fazlad\u0131r.
\n Y\u0131ll\u0131k ya\u011f\u0131\u015f ortalamas\u0131, 600-1000 mm aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.
\n Y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u0131cakl\u0131k ortalamas\u0131 18-20\u00b0C\u2019dir.
\n Ocak ay\u0131 ortalamas\u0131 8-10\u00b0C\u2019dir.
\n Temmuz ay\u0131 ortalamas\u0131 28-30\u00b0C\u2019dir.
\n Y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u0131cakl\u0131k fark\u0131 15-18\u00b0C\u2019dir.
\n Ege B\u00f6lgesinde da\u011flar\u0131n k\u0131y\u0131ya dik uzanmas\u0131, Akdeniz \u0130kliminin i\u00e7 kesimlere ula\u015fmas\u0131na olanak sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n Marmara B\u00f6lgesinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen Akdeniz \u0130kliminde, yazlar Akdeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re daha serin, k\u0131\u015flar ise daha so\u011fuk ve karl\u0131d\u0131r.
\n Akdeniz \u0130kliminin karekteristik bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc zeytin, defne, mersin, kekik gibi bitkilerden olu\u015fan makilerdir.<\/p>\n
3)KARASAL \u0130KL\u0130M:\u00dclkemizde Karasal \u0130klim, \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu, Do\u011fu Anadolu ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgeleri ile \u0130\u00e7 Bat\u0131 Anadolu B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.Genel \u00f6zellikleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
Yazlar s\u0131cak ve kurak, k\u0131\u015flar so\u011fuk ve kar ya\u011f\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r.
\n \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde maksimum ya\u011f\u0131\u015f ilkbaharda, minimum ya\u011f\u0131\u015f yaz\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fer.
\n \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu da ortalama ya\u011f\u0131\u015f 300-400 mm\u2019dir.
\n \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu\u2019nun k\u0131\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131k ortalamas\u0131, 1-2\u00b0C, yaz s\u0131cakl\u0131k ortalamas\u0131, 22-23\u00b0C, y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u0131cakl\u0131k ortalamas\u0131 ise, 10-12\u00b0C\u2019dir.
\n Ege B\u00f6lgesinin \u0130\u00e7 bat\u0131 Anadolu B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde de ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar k\u0131y\u0131 kesimine g\u00f6re azd\u0131r.
\n Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinin kuzeydo\u011fu kesiminde y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u0131cakl\u0131k ortalamas\u0131, 4-6\u00b0C\u2019dir.
\n Kuzeydo\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da k\u0131\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131k ortalamas\u0131, -7, -10\u00b0C, yaz s\u0131cakl\u0131k ortalamas\u0131, 17-19\u00b0C\u2019dir.
\n Y\u0131ll\u0131k ya\u011f\u0131\u015f miktar\u0131, 500-600 mm\u2019dir.
\n G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da ise ortalama ya\u011f\u0131\u015f, 400-700 mm\u2019dir.
\n G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesinde k\u0131\u015f mevsimi pek donlu ge\u00e7memekle beraber, yaz mevsiminde \u015fiddetli kuru s\u0131caklar egemendir.
\n G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama s\u0131cakl\u0131k, 15-16\u00b0C, k\u0131\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, 3-4\u00b0C, yaz s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise, 30-35\u00b0C\u2019dir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DE \u0130KL\u0130M ELEMANLARI A. SICAKLIK 1. Y\u0131ll\u0131k Ortalama S\u0131cakl\u0131k Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 En d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ortalama s\u0131cakl\u0131klar, Kuzeydo\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. En y\u00fcksek ortalama s\u0131cakl\u0131klar, G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nin g\u00fcneyi ile Akdeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. En d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131k ile en y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k aras\u0131ndaki fark 8\u00b0C den fazlad\u0131r. S\u0131cakl\u0131k genelde g\u00fcneyden kuzeye gidildik\u00e7e azalmaktad\u0131r. 2. Temmuz Ay\u0131 Ortalama S\u0131cakl\u0131k Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 Temmuz ay\u0131nda, …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1403,1406],"tags":[2790,3714,3183,3184,3490,3186,3489,3185,4275,10600,10790,3709],"class_list":["post-5219","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-odevler","category-sosyal-bilgiler-odevleri","tag-akdeniz-iklimi","tag-asor-antisiklonu","tag-basra-siklonu","tag-izlanda-siklonu","tag-karayel","tag-kesisleme","tag-lodos","tag-poyraz","tag-sibirya-antisiklonu","tag-sicak-yerel-ruzgarlar","tag-soguk-yerel-ruzgarlar","tag-turkiyenin-iklimi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5219","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5219"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5219\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5219"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}