Plato denince akarsular taraf\u0131ndan derince yar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f vadilerle yar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f d\u00fczl\u00fckler akla gelir. T\u00fcrkiye`nin platolar\u0131na de\u011finmeden \u00f6nce dikkat edece\u011fimiz en \u00f6nemli nokta yurdumuzun b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc ile plato olmas\u0131d\u0131r.
\n T\u00fcrkiye bu duruma d\u0131\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7le taraf\u0131ndan a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131larak peneplen hale gelmi\u015f y\u00fczeylerin 4.zaman ba\u015flar\u0131nda toptan y\u00fckselmesiyle eri\u015fmi\u015ftir. Ancak her yer ayn\u0131 derece y\u00fckselmemi\u015ftir. Do\u011fu Anadolu da 2000m olan bu y\u00fckselme de\u011feri \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu da 1000-1500 m , G\u00fcney Do\u011fu Anadolu`da 400-800 m, Kocaeli-\u00c7atalca da 200-400 m`ler aras\u0131nda olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. B\u00f6ylece \u00fclkemizde al\u00e7ak ve y\u00fcksek platolar olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Bunlara en \u00e7ok \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu da rastlan\u0131r. Kimi platolar peneplen (yontukd\u00fcz) y\u00fczeylerin y\u00fckselmesiyle, kimileri karstla\u015f\u0131mayla, bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc de volkanik etkilerle olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Bu platolar\u0131n be\u015feri ve ekonomik de\u011ferleri fazlad\u0131r .<\/p>\n
Platolar\u0131n T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u201ddeki Co\u011frafi Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131
\n Kuzey Anadolu Platolar\u0131:<\/p>\n
Olduk\u00e7a engebeli olan Kuzey Anadolu `da plato d\u00fczl\u00fckleri fazla de\u011fildir. En \u00f6nemlileri Bat\u0131 Kara denizde Safran bolu ve \u0130stanbul bo\u011faz\u0131n\u0131n iki yan\u0131nda yer alan \u00c7atalca-Kocaeli Platolar\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7atalca-Kocaeli platosu, a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131larak peneplen hale gelmi\u015f y\u00fczeylerin y\u00fckseltisiyle olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Ancak bu y\u00fckselme 200-400 m de\u011ferleri aras\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan al\u00e7ak platolara girmektedir. \u00dczerinde al\u00e7ak tepelikler mevcuttur. \u00c7atalca s\u0131rtlar\u0131 ile \u00c7aml\u0131ca tepeleri gibi. Bu plato trakya`da da devam eder.
\n Bat\u0131 Karadeniz de yer alan Safranbolu platosu ortalama 500 m y\u00fckseltiye sahip peneplen ve al\u00e7ak platolardand\u0131r. Yenice (Filyos) ve kollar\u0131 Devrek , Ara\u00e7, So\u011fanl\u0131 \u0131rmaklar\u0131yla par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f olan bu plato kalkerli yap\u0131da olup vokl\u00fcz kayal\u0131klara sahiptir. Bu kaynaklar sayesinde platodaki vadilerde ileri tar\u0131m s\u00f6z konusudur.
\n Peneplen platolar\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer platolardan fark\u0131 bunlar\u0131n a\u015f\u0131n\u0131m y\u00fczeylerinden meydana gelmi\u015f olmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Peneplen platolar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu kez eski k\u00fctleler olduklar\u0131ndan , y\u00fczeyce eski k\u00fctlelere ait kayalar yer almakta ve bu eski k\u00fctleler i\u00e7inde alt\u0131n, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f, platin, nikel, krom, \u00e7inko, pirit, volfram gibi maden cevherlerine rastlana bilmektedir. \u00dcstelik bu madenler y\u00fczeyde yada y\u00fczeye \u00e7ok yak\u0131n olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in kolayca i\u015fletile bilmektedirler. Peneplen platolar\u0131 i\u00e7in di\u011fer bir \u00f6zellik p\u0131nar ve kaynaklar\u0131n bu sahalarda yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131 ve kaliteli i\u00e7me sular\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zellikle bu sahalarda bulunmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcney Anadolu (Akdeniz) Platolar\u0131<\/p>\n
G\u00fcney Anadolu`nun en \u00f6nemli platosu Ta\u015feli platosudur. Toros Da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n orta b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde yer alan bu plato, karstik etkilerle olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 2000m yi bulan Ta\u015feli Platosu kalkerli kayalardan olu\u015ftu\u011fu i\u00e7in y\u00fczeyinde \u00e7ok say\u0131da erime \u00e7ukurlar\u0131 bulunur. Bu platoda y\u00fczeyde su bulmak g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ya\u011fmur sular\u0131 kalkerlerin \u00e7atlaklar\u0131ndan k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 renkli killi topraklar (Terra Rossa) birikmi\u015ftir. Bu \u00f6zelli\u011fe ta\u015f \u00e7\u00f6llerini an\u0131msatt\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan Ta\u015feli platosu denmi\u015ftir. Plato, Ermenek ve G\u00f6ksu \u0131rmaklar\u0131yla par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n Ta\u015feli Platosunda s\u00fcrekli yerle\u015fmeler yoktur: Ta\u015feli platosunun belirtilen \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilmesi yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu platoda neden yerle\u015fmenin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kendili\u011finden ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Plato k\u0131rsal ya\u015fam bak\u0131m\u0131ndan daimi yerle\u015fme s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalmaktad\u0131r. K\u0131r yerle\u015fmeleri su kaynaklar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak kenar yama\u00e7larda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu alanda temel u\u011fra\u015f hayvanc\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131r. K\u0131\u015f\u0131 k\u00f6ylerde ge\u00e7iren
\n insanlar ilk baharda plato \u00fczerinde karlar\u0131n erimeye ve otsu \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn geli\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte platoya t\u0131rman\u0131rlar. Platoya ula\u015fan s\u00fcr\u00fcler daha \u00e7ok dolinlerin taban\u0131nda geli\u015fmi\u015f ot ve dikenlerle beslenirler. Bu k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 olanaklara kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k en b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck hayvanlar\u0131n su gereksiniminin sa\u011flanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Yer yer sulu \u00e7ukurlar ve ilkel sarn\u0131\u00e7lar bu problemi k\u0131smen \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler. Ancak su azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 , ot \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn yetersizli\u011fi arazinin engebelili\u011fi, kaya y\u00fczeylerinin lapyalar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden \u00e7ok p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fc olmas\u0131 gibi nedenlerle plato \u00fczerinde ke\u00e7iden ba\u015fka hayvan yeti\u015ftirmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmaz.
\n Plato son bahara dek s\u00fcren yayvanc\u0131l\u0131k bu mevsimde sislerin ve so\u011fuklar\u0131n bast\u0131rmas\u0131 ile sona erer, plato adeta k\u0131\u015f uykusuna \u00e7ekilir.
\n Teke platosu da karstik olu\u015fumlu di\u011fer platodur. N\u00fcfuslanma az ve tar\u0131m geridir. \u00dczerinde \u00e7ok say\u0131da erime \u00e7ukuru bulunur. <\/p>\n
Bat\u0131 Anadolu Platolar\u0131<\/p>\n
Hafif dalgal\u0131 d\u00fczl\u00fckler ve tepelikler halinde Saroz k\u00f6rfezi \u00e7evresinde, \u00c7anakkale \u2013 Bal\u0131kesir aras\u0131nda ve \u0130\u00e7 Bat\u0131 Anadolu da yer al\u0131rlar.g\u00fcneyde mente\u015fe eski k\u00fctlesi peneplen plato \u00f6rne\u011fi olu\u015fturur. \u0130\u00e7 Mente\u015fe platosu, B\u00fcy\u00fck Menderes ve kollar\u0131yla par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f, kimi yerinde vadiler geni\u015fleyerek ovalar\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015f (Tavsa,Yata\u011fan,\u00c7ine,Bozdo\u011fan) kimi yerinde daral\u0131p dikle\u015fir. Y\u00fczeyi verimsiz toprakla \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Su potansiyeli zay\u0131f oldu\u011fundan tar\u0131m geridir. Son y\u0131llarda serac\u0131l\u0131k \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu geli\u015fme her \u015feyden evvel platoyu terk etmeye haz\u0131rlanan k\u0131r n\u00fcf\u00fcsunu yeniden topra\u011fa ba\u011flaya bilmi\u015ftir.
\n \u0130\u00e7 bat\u0131 Anadolu da Kula platosu volkanik olu\u015fumludur. Y\u00fczeyinde ilgin\u00e7 volkanik \u015fekiller yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u00e7 Anadolu Platolar\u0131<\/p>\n
Burada, hafif yar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f a\u015f\u0131n\u0131m platolar\u0131 olan Yukar\u0131 Sakarya, Haymana, Cihanbeyli, Obruk ve Bozok platolar\u0131yla, volkanik yap\u0131l\u0131 Ni\u011fde-Kayseri platolar\u0131 ve bir peneplen plato olan Uzun yayla vard\u0131r.
\n Yukar\u0131 Sakarya platosu ortalama 800m y\u00fckseklikte olup Sakarya `n\u0131n kollar\u0131yla yar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Topraklar\u0131 verimli, su kayna\u011f\u0131 bol oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ileri tar\u0131m sahas\u0131d\u0131r.
\n Haymana-Cihanbeyli, 1000-1200m y\u00fcksekli\u011fe sahip masa g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc bir platodur. Kuvvetli akarsu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in fazla par\u00e7alanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kuru tar\u0131m yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. Buras\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda tiftik ke\u00e7isinin vatan\u0131d\u0131r.
\n Obruk platosu tuz g\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00fcneyinde yer al\u0131r. G\u00fcneyde Karaca da\u011f, Hasan ve Melendiz volkanlar\u0131na yaslan\u0131r. Fazla par\u00e7al\u0131 de\u011fildir. Platonun g\u00fcneyinde Konya ovas\u0131 yer al\u0131r.
\n Bozok platosu K\u0131r\u015fehir eski k\u00fctlesinde yer al\u0131r. K\u0131z\u0131l\u0131rmak ve ye\u015fil\u0131rmak`\u0131n kollar\u0131yla par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n Ni\u011fde-Kayseri platosunda y\u00fczeye yay\u0131lan t\u00fcf, lav ve bunlar\u0131n ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131yla olu\u015fan maddeler, verimli topraklar\u0131n yer almas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur. \u00d6zellikle volkanik da\u011flardan do\u011fan dere ve \u00e7aylar\u0131n getirmi\u015f oldu\u011fu topraklar al\u00e7ak ve \u00e7ukur alanlarda birikerek kal\u0131n al\u00fcvyon tabakalar\u0131 olu\u015fmu\u015flar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu durum tar\u0131msal potansiyeli art\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu plato Toros da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n gediklerinden gelen nemli hava k\u00fctleleri sayesinde \u00e7evreye g\u00f6re \u00e7ok ya\u011f\u0131\u015f alabilmektedir Da\u011f \u00fczerinde biriken karlar, b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn su gereksinimini sa\u011flayan depo durumundad\u0131r. Da\u011flar\u0131n eteklerinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7ok
\n say\u0131da su kayna\u011f\u0131, su potansiyelini daha da art\u0131rarak sulu tar\u0131ma elveri\u015fli bir zemin haz\u0131rlar.
\n Platoda Jeotermal kaynaklar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da tespit edilmi\u015f ancak hen\u00fcz yararlanmaya ge\u00e7ilmemi\u015ftir. Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00f6zellikle Nev\u015fehir ve \u00dcrg\u00fcp y\u00f6relerinde lav ve t\u00fcflerin zemine yay\u0131larak erozyona maruz kalmalar\u0131yla peri bacalar\u0131 olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Bu \u015fekiller turizm a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferli oldu\u011fu gibi y\u00f6re halk\u0131na bar\u0131nak ya da yiyecek deposu olarak yarar sa\u011flar.
\n Bu platoda vadi i\u00e7i ovalar\u0131nda tar\u0131m \u00f6nem kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tah\u0131l (bu\u011fday, \u00c7avdar…) baklagil, \u015fekerpancar\u0131, patates, so\u011fan gibi k\u00fclt\u00fcr bitkileri ilk s\u0131rada yer al\u0131r, elma yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi ve ba\u011f k\u00fclt\u00fcrleri ise meyvecilik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ileri bir tar\u0131msal etkinlik olarak dikkat \u00e7eker. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmdeki ba\u011flar \u00dcrg\u00fcp ve Ni\u011fde`yi T\u00fcrkiye \u00e7ap\u0131nda \u015farap\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k merkezi durumuna getirmi\u015flerdir.
\n Ni\u011fde – Kayseri platosu volkanik olu\u015fumludur. Uzun yayla bir peneplen platodur ancak olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksektir. <\/p>\n
Do\u011fu Anadolu Platolar\u0131<\/p>\n
Genellikle volkanik yap\u0131l\u0131d\u0131rlar. En y\u00fcksek plato Erzurum-Kars platosudur. 2000m ye yak\u0131n y\u00fckseltiye sahiptir. T\u00fcrkiye\u201d nin en \u00f6nemli otlak sahas\u0131d\u0131r. Di\u011fer volkanik plato Murat platosudur. Murat ve kollar\u0131 ile par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Platoda Tunceli ve bir volkanik da\u011f olan Bing\u00f6l da\u011f\u0131 y\u00fckselir.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu Platolar\u0131<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u201d nin \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu\u201ddan sonra, di\u011fer b\u00fcy\u00fck plato sahas\u0131 G\u00fcneydo\u011fuda yer al\u0131r.Gaziantep platosundan ba\u015flayan platolar serisi Mardin \u201de kadar uzan\u0131r. Ancak bu plato ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde yer alan volkanik engebeler platoyu kesintiye u\u011frat\u0131r. Bu nedenle platolar birbirinden ayr\u0131 par\u00e7alar halinde bulunurlar. Bunlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde en karakteristik olan\u0131 Urfa-Suru\u00e7-Hilvan-Siverek- Viran\u015fehir ve Ceylan p\u0131nar ; i\u00e7ine alan k\u0131s\u0131md\u0131r. Urfa-Viran\u015fehir-Hilvan Platosu diye adland\u0131r\u0131lan bu plato F\u0131rat ve kollar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan hafif yar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f a\u015f\u0131n\u0131m platosudur. Platonun y\u00fczey \u015fekilleri Kuzey-G\u00fcney y\u00f6nl\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fir. G\u00fcneyde hafif dalgal\u0131 ava g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcnde iken kuzeye \u00e7\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131k\u00e7a dik yama\u00e7lar halinde devam eder. Bu yama\u00e7lar aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fczl\u00fcklere de rastlanabilir. Kalkerden olu\u015fan plato y\u00fczeyi \u00fczerinde toprak \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yitirilmi\u015f olup zemine ince bir toprak tabakas\u0131 ile ta\u015f ve \u00e7ak\u0131llar hakimdir. Plato y\u00fczeyi \u00fczerinde toprak ve su azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc son derece fakirdir. Buralarda tek bir k\u00f6ye bile \u00e7o\u011fu kez rastlanmaz. Geni\u015f plato y\u00fczeyi nacak ilk baharda s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclere mera hizmeti g\u00f6rebilir. Alan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck sorunu su teminidir. GAP ile devlet bu sorunu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleyerek y\u00f6reyi ekonomiye kazand\u0131r\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Gaziantep platosu bat\u0131dan gelen nemli hava k\u00fctlelerine a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. F\u0131rat`\u0131 hafif\u00e7e par\u00e7alad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu sahada yer alan ova \u201cverimli hilal\u201d olarak an\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Do\u011fal bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc ve tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri \u00e7e\u015fitlilik g\u00f6steren co\u011frafi potansiyeli y\u00fcksek bir sahad\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Plato denince akarsular taraf\u0131ndan derince yar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f vadilerle yar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f d\u00fczl\u00fckler akla gelir. T\u00fcrkiye`nin platolar\u0131na de\u011finmeden \u00f6nce dikkat edece\u011fimiz en \u00f6nemli nokta yurdumuzun b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc ile plato olmas\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye bu duruma d\u0131\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7le taraf\u0131ndan a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131larak peneplen hale gelmi\u015f y\u00fczeylerin 4.zaman ba\u015flar\u0131nda toptan y\u00fckselmesiyle eri\u015fmi\u015ftir. Ancak her yer ayn\u0131 derece y\u00fckselmemi\u015ftir. Do\u011fu Anadolu da 2000m olan bu y\u00fckselme de\u011feri …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1403,1406],"tags":[10915,3799,4329,10916,10985,10912,10984,10911],"class_list":["post-5293","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-odevler","category-sosyal-bilgiler-odevleri","tag-bati-anadolu-platolari","tag-bati-karadeniz","tag-ermenek","tag-ic-anadolu-platolari","tag-jeotermal-kaynaklar","tag-kuzey-anadolu-platolari","tag-obruk-platosu","tag-turkiyenin-platolari"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5293","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5293"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5293\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5293"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5293"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5293"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}