1. D\u0130LLER\u0130N SINIFLANDIRILMASI <\/p>\n
* Bug\u00fcn yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde ka\u00e7 dil konu\u015fuldu\u011fu kesin olarak belli de\u011fildir. Bununla birlikte yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde konu\u015fulan dil say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ortalama 3000-3500 aras\u0131nda oldu\u011fu tahmin edilmektedir.
\n * Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki diller, ses sistemi, bi\u00e7im yap\u0131s\u0131 ve s\u00f6z dizimi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan baz\u0131 yak\u0131nl\u0131klar ve benzerlikler g\u00f6sterir. Diller aras\u0131ndaki bu yak\u0131nl\u0131k ve benzerli\u011fe dil aileleleri (dil akraba-l\u0131\u011f\u0131) ad\u0131 verilir. <\/p>\n
Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki diller yap\u0131 ve k\u00f6ken olmak \u00fczere iki bak\u0131mdan incelenir:
\n A. Yap\u0131 Bak\u0131m\u0131ndan D\u00fcnya Dilleri
\n 1. Tek heceli diller:
\n * Bu dillerdeki s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerde \u00e7ekim eki yoktur.
\n * S\u00f6zc\u00fckler ek almadan de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011framadan kalmaktad\u0131r. * C\u00fcmle i\u00e7erisinde s\u00f6zc\u00fckler, bulunduklar\u0131 yere ve ba\u015fka s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerle yan yana gelme durumuna g\u00f6re anlam kazan\u0131r.
\n * Yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde \u00c7ince ile Vietnam dili ve baz\u0131 Himalaya ve Afrika dilleri ve Avrupa\u2019da Bask dili bu gruba girer. <\/p>\n
2. Eklemeli (Biti\u015fken) Diller:
\n * Bu dillerde bir veya daha \u00e7ok heceli k\u00f6klere yap\u0131m ve \u00e7ekim ekleri eklenir.
\n * K\u00f6ke getirilen yap\u0131m ekleri ile yeni s\u00f6zc\u00fckler, yeni kavramlar t\u00fcretilir.
\n * Bu dile en g\u00fczel \u00f6rnek T\u00fcrk\u00e7edir. Ayr\u0131ca Altay dilleri, (Mo\u011folca, Mancu- Tunguz) k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ayr\u0131mlarla Japonca; Ural dilleri (Fince, Macarca, Samoyet\u00e7e) ile baz\u0131 Asya ve Afrika dilleri bu gruba girer. <\/p>\n
3. \u00c7ekimli (B\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc) Diller:
\n * B\u00fck\u00fcm, s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn \u00e7ekimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda k\u00f6k\u00fcn \u00f6zellikle k\u00f6kteki \u00fcnl\u00fcn\u00fcn de\u011fi\u015fmesidir.
\n * \u00c7ekim s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle yeni s\u00f6zc\u00fckler ve kavramlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.
\n * Hint- Avrupa dilleri (Almanca, Farsca, Frans\u0131zca, Hint\u00e7e) ile Arap\u00e7a \u00e7ekimli dil grubuna girer. <\/p>\n
B. K\u00f6ken Bak\u0131m\u0131ndan D\u00fcnya Dilleri
\n 1. Hint – Avrupa Dilleri Ailesi
\n a. Asya Kolu: Hint\u00e7e, Fars\u00e7a, Ermenice
\n b. Avrupa kolu:
\n * Germen (Cermen) Dilleri: Almanca, \u0130ngilizce, Felemek\u00e7e (Hollanda\u2019da ve Bel\u00e7ika\u2019n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda kullan\u0131> dil).
\n * Romen Dilleri: Latince, Frans\u0131zca, \u0130spanyolca, Portekizce, \u0130talyanca
\n * \u0130slav Dilleri: Rus\u00e7a, S\u0131rp\u00e7a, Leh\u00e7e (Lehistan b\u00f6lgesinde kullan\u0131> dil).
\n 2. Hami-Sami Dilleri Ailesi: Akat\u00e7a, Arap\u00e7a, \u0130branice
\n 3. Bantu Dilleri Ailesi: Orta ve G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019da ya\u015fayan Bantular\u0131n dilleri bu gruba girer.
\n 4. \u00c7in Dilleri Ailesi: \u00c7ince ve Tibet\u00e7e bu ailedendir.
\n 5. Ural- Altay Dilleri Ailesi:
\n a. Ural Kolu: Fince, Macarca,Estonca
\n b. Altay Kolu: T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, Mo\u011folca, Man\u00e7uca <\/p>\n
\u201c T\u00fcrk\u00e7e d\u00fcnya dilleri aras\u0131nda yap\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan sondan eklemeli dil grubuna girer. K\u00f6ken bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ise Ural-Altay dil ailesinin Altay koluna ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u201c <\/p>\n
2. T\u00dcRK D\u0130L\u0130N\u0130N TAR\u0130H\u00ce GEL\u0130\u015e\u0130M\u0130 <\/p>\n
T\u00fcrk dilinin k\u00f6keni \u00e7ok eski \u00e7a\u011flara dayanmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrk dili geli\u015fme a\u015famalar\u0131 kitaptaki \u015femaya g\u00f6re takip edilecektir. <\/p>\n
T\u00dcRK\u00c7EN\u0130N GEL\u0130\u015eMES\u0130NE KATKI SA\u011eLAYAN ESERLER <\/p>\n
T\u00fcrklerin 10. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren \u0130sl\u00e2miyeti kabul etmesiyle birlikte din, dil ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr hayatlar\u0131nda \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fiklikler olmu\u015ftur. Bu d\u00f6nemde bilim dili olarak Arap\u00e7a, edebiyat dili olarak da Fars\u00e7a kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dil ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr ala-n\u0131ndaki bu etkilenme sonucu Arap\u00e7adan,Fars\u00e7adan dilimize pek \u00e7ok s\u00f6zc\u00fck ve kavram girmi\u015ftir. Ancak T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bir ta-raftan da varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00d6zellikle Karahanl\u0131lar d\u00f6-neminde (932-1212) dil ve edebiyat\u0131m\u0131z a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli sa-y\u0131> Kutadgu Bilig, Divan\u00fc L\u00fcgati\u2019t T\u00fcrk ve Atabet\u00fcl Haka-y\u0131k adl\u0131 eserler yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Anadolu\u2019da T\u00fcrk\u00e7enin geli\u015fmesi ise \u015f\u00f6yle olmu\u015ftur: 11-12 ve 13. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda Anadolu\u2019da Anadolu Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131 devleti y\u00f6netime hakimdi. Bu d\u00f6nemde devletin resm\u00ee dili Fars\u00e7a idi. Edebiyat ve sanat dili olarak Fars\u00e7a, bilim dili olarak da medreselerde Arap\u00e7a \u00f6\u011fretiliyordu. Ayd\u0131nlar eserlerini Arap\u00e7a \u2013Fars\u00e7a ya da bu dillerin kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131yla yaz\u0131yorlard\u0131. T\u00fcrk\u00e7enin geli\u015fimine 12 ve 13. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda \u015eeyyat Hamza, Ahmet Fakih, Yunus Emre, Hac\u0131 Bekta\u015f Veli, Hoca Dehhani, Dede Korkut vb. pek \u00e7ok yazar ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr katk\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
1. D\u0130LLER\u0130N SINIFLANDIRILMASI * Bug\u00fcn yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde ka\u00e7 dil konu\u015fuldu\u011fu kesin olarak belli de\u011fildir. Bununla birlikte yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde konu\u015fulan dil say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ortalama 3000-3500 aras\u0131nda oldu\u011fu tahmin edilmektedir. * Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki diller, ses sistemi, bi\u00e7im yap\u0131s\u0131 ve s\u00f6z dizimi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan baz\u0131 yak\u0131nl\u0131klar ve benzerlikler g\u00f6sterir. Diller aras\u0131ndaki bu yak\u0131nl\u0131k ve benzerli\u011fe dil aileleleri (dil akraba-l\u0131\u011f\u0131) ad\u0131 verilir. Yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki diller …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1403,1405],"tags":[1510,11215,11218,11219,11217,2036,11216,9580],"class_list":["post-5542","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-odevler","category-turkce-odevleri","tag-dede-korkut","tag-dillerin-siniflandirilmasi-ve-turkcenin-dunya-dilleri-arasindaki-yeri","tag-haci-bektas-veli","tag-hoca-dehhani","tag-koken-bakimindan-dunya-dilleri","tag-tek-heceli-diller","tag-yapi-bakimindan-dunya-dilleri","tag-yunus-emre"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5542","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5542"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5542\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5542"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5542"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5542"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}