Varl\u0131klar\u0131, kavramlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layan s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerdir. \u0130simlerle, kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131klar\u0131 kavram ve nesneler aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131 bir ilgi vard\u0131r. Bunlar daima birbirlerini \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u201ckitap\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc akl\u0131m\u0131zda hemen varl\u0131k olarak \u201ckitap\u201d nesnesini canland\u0131r\u0131r. Ya da bir kitab\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde zihnimize hemen onu kar\u015f\u0131layan isim gelir. Kavramlar i\u00e7in ise bu kadar belirgin bir ili\u015fkinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyemeyiz. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u201cdert\u201d dendi\u011finde akl\u0131m\u0131zda bir nesne canlanmaz; ancak bunun insan\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131ya sokan bir durum oldu\u011fu zihnimizde belirir.<\/p>\n
\u0130sim de\u011fi\u015fik y\u00f6nlerden incelenir.
\n * Varl\u0131klara Verili\u015flerine G\u00f6re: <\/p>\n
a. Cins \u0130smi: Ayn\u0131 t\u00fcrden varl\u0131klar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layan isimlerdir. Bu varl\u0131klar\u0131n benzerleri etrafta \u00e7oktur: a\u011fa\u00e7, top, kitap vs.
\nb. \u00d6zel \u0130sim: Tek olan, tam bir benzeri bulunmayan varl\u0131klar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layan isimlerdir.<\/p>\n
Yer adlar\u0131 (Samsun, Uluda\u011f\u2026)
\nKi\u015fi adlar\u0131 (Ahmet, Mustafa\u2026)
\n\u00dclke adlar\u0131 (Pakistan, \u015eili)
\nKitap, dergi, gazete adlar\u0131 (Yaban, Tanin\u2026)
\nKurum adlar\u0131 (Marmara \u00dcniversitesi, K\u0131z\u0131lay)
\nDil adlar\u0131 (T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, \u0130ngilizce\u2026)
\nDin ve mezhep adlar\u0131 (\u0130slamiyet, Ortodoks\u2026)
\nHayvanlara verilen adlar (Boncuk, Tekir\u2026)<\/p>\n
Bir isim, her zaman cins ismi olmayaca\u011f\u0131 gibi her zaman \u00f6zel isim de olmaz.
\n\u201cMevsimlerden bahar\u0131 severim.\u201d derken \u201cbahar\u201d cins ismidir. Ancak;
\n\u201cBug\u00fcn Bahar s\u0131n\u0131fta yoktu.\u201d c\u00fcmlesinde bu isim bir ki\u015fi ad\u0131 olmu\u015f ve \u00f6zel isim haline gelmi\u015f. Elbette bunun tersi de olabilir.
\n\u201cUzaydan D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n resmini \u00e7ekmi\u015fler.\u201d
\nc\u00fcmlesinde \u201cD\u00fcnya\u201d \u00f6zel bir isimdir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir gezegeni kar\u015f\u0131lar. Ancak;<\/p>\n
\u201cD\u00fcn, seni, d\u00fcnyay\u0131 dola\u015ft\u0131m, bulamad\u0131m.\u201d c\u00fcmlesinde \u201cd\u00fcnya\u201d \u00e7ok yer gezmek anlam\u0131nda mecaz bir anlama gelmi\u015f ve cins ismi olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
Not : \u00d6zel isimlerin ba\u015f harfleri daima b\u00fcy\u00fck harfle yaz\u0131l\u0131r.
\n * Kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Say\u0131s\u0131na G\u00f6re: <\/p>\n
a. Tekil \u0130sim: Say\u0131ca tek bir varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layan isimlerdir: Kalem, silgi, ev\u2026
\nb. \u00c7o\u011ful \u0130sim: Say\u0131ca birden \u00e7ok varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layan isimlerdir. \u0130simlere (-ler, -lar) eki getirilerek yap\u0131l\u0131r: A\u011fa\u00e7lar, evler, kitaplar\u2026
\nc. Topluluk \u0130smi: \u00c7o\u011ful eki almadan bir\u00e7ok varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layan isimlerdir: Toplum, halk, millet, ordu, b\u00f6l\u00fck, s\u00fcr\u00fc\u2026<\/p>\n
Topluluk isimleri de \u00e7o\u011ful eki alabilir. Bu durumda gruplar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fulu bildirilmi\u015f olur. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u201cD\u00fcnya milletlerinin yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 gerekir.\u201d derken kendi i\u00e7inde bir grup olu\u015fturan \u201cmillet\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcyle birden fazla grup anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p>\n
\u0130simleri ayr\u0131ca somut ve soyut olu\u015flar\u0131na g\u00f6re de grupland\u0131rabiliriz. Ancak daha \u00f6nce soyut, somut anlam\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zdan, burada ayr\u0131ca \u00fczerinde durmayaca\u011f\u0131z. Somut anlaml\u0131 olan \u201cmasa\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn somut; soyut anlaml\u0131 olan \u201cne\u015fe\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn soyut isim oldu\u011funu bilmeliyiz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Varl\u0131klar\u0131, kavramlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layan s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerdir. \u0130simlerle, kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131klar\u0131 kavram ve nesneler aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131 bir ilgi vard\u0131r. Bunlar daima birbirlerini \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u201ckitap\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc akl\u0131m\u0131zda hemen varl\u0131k olarak \u201ckitap\u201d nesnesini canland\u0131r\u0131r. Ya da bir kitab\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde zihnimize hemen onu kar\u015f\u0131layan isim gelir. Kavramlar i\u00e7in ise bu kadar belirgin bir ili\u015fkinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyemeyiz. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u201cdert\u201d dendi\u011finde akl\u0131m\u0131zda bir …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1403,1405],"tags":[11225,9776,9767,9775],"class_list":["post-5554","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-odevler","category-turkce-odevleri","tag-cins-ismi","tag-cogul-isim","tag-isim","tag-tekil-isim"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5554","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5554"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5554\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5554"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5554"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5554"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}