\n Yanarda\u011flar, yeralt\u0131ndaki ergimi\u015f kayalar\u0131n ,kaya par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n ve gazlar\u0131n yerkabu\u011fundaki a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131klardan p\u00fcsk\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olu\u015fumlard\u0131r.Art arda olan p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmeler sonucunda maddelerin \u00fcst \u00fcste y\u0131\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan y\u00fckseltiler de ayn\u0131 bi\u00e7imde adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.Y\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kan ergimi\u015f durumdaki maddeler zamanla kat\u0131la\u015farak volkanik kayalar\u0131 olu\u015fturur .Depremler gibi yanarda\u011flar\u0131n da \u00e7o\u011fu levha s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na yak\u0131n yerlerde bulunur.\u00d6te yandan, nas\u0131l ki, levha s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na uzak yerlerde de zaman zaman deprem olursa, baz\u0131 yanarda\u011flar da levhalar\u0131n i\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde bulunur.<\/p>\n
Yay\u0131lma S\u0131rtlar\u0131:
\n Okyanus dibinde. \u0130ki levhan\u0131n birbirinden uzakla\u015fmakta oldu\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131rda ,okyanus ortas\u0131 s\u0131rtlar\u0131 ya da yay\u0131lma s\u0131rtlar\u0131 ad\u0131 verilen yanarda\u011flardan olu\u015fan s\u0131ra da\u011flar vard\u0131r.Levha birbirinden ayr\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131nda astenosfer \u00fczerindeki bas\u0131n\u00e7 azal\u0131r.Bunun sonucunda, levha s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda bulunan kat\u0131 durumdaki minareler tanecikleri ergiyerek magmaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.Y\u00fckselmeye ba\u015flayan yeni magman\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu levha kenarlar\u0131nda kat\u0131la\u015f\u0131p kal\u0131r, y\u00fczeye ula\u015fan b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ise okyanus taban\u0131nda yanarda\u011flar olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n
\u201cPlastik\u201d Kayalar:
\n Bilim adamlar\u0131, astenosferi genellikle \u201cplastik\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlarlar.Bunun nedeni, astenosferin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn yumu\u015fsak olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n , s\u0131v\u0131dan \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck miktarlarda magma bulunan kat\u0131 mineral taneciklerinden olu\u015ftu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar.Astenosferdeki s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n , minerallerin \u00e7o\u011funu ergitmeye yetecek kadar y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n ,\u00fcsteki litosfer katman\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu yo\u011fun bas\u0131n\u00e7 bunu engeller.<\/p>\n
Dalma-Batma B\u00f6lgesi Yanarda\u011flar\u0131:
\n Yanarda\u011flar, iki levhan\u0131n \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sonucu birinin di\u011feri alt\u0131na dald\u0131\u011f\u0131 levha s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131nda olu\u015fur.Dalan levha, 100-200 km derinlikte bulunan ve dalma-batma b\u00f6lgesi ad\u0131 verilen b\u00f6lgede ergimeye ba\u015flar ve magmaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.Bu magma, levhan\u0131n \u00fczerinde biriken tortullar ve ergimi\u015f durumdaki okyanusal litosferden olu\u015fur.Magma ,tortullarla birlikte yerin derinliklerine \u00e7ekilen su i\u00e7erir.Olu\u015fan yeni magma ,\u00e7atlaklardan ge\u00e7erek y\u00fczeye p\u00fcsk\u00fcr\u00fcr ve \u00fcstteki levhan\u0131n \u00fczerinde yanarda\u011flar\u0131n olu\u015fuma yol a\u00e7ar.Bu \u00e7atlaklar ,levhalar\u0131n hareketi sonucunda olu\u015fur.\u00dcstteki levhan\u0131n okyanusal litosfer levhas\u0131 olmas\u0131 durumunda ,yanarda\u011flar\u0131n su y\u00fczeyinin \u00fczerinde kalan b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri bir dizi volkanik ada olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n
Magma:
\n Magma, ergimi\u015f durumdaki de\u011fi\u015fik mineraller ve baz\u0131 mineral kristallerinde olu\u015fan lapa benzeri, yo\u011fun bir s\u0131v\u0131d\u0131r.K\u0131vam\u0131, su ve buz kristalleri i\u00e7eren yar\u0131 erimi\u015f durumdaki kar gibidir.Bilim adamlar\u0131 ,magman\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun astenosferde bulunmakla birlikte bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn de alt mantonun baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde geldi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar. <\/p>\n
S\u0131cak Noktalar:
\n Bir\u00e7ok yanarda\u011f\u0131n olu\u015fumunun levha s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131ndaki hareketle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n baz\u0131lar\u0131 bu s\u0131n\u0131rlara uzak yerlerde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.Bu yanarda\u011flar\u0131n \u201ds\u0131cak noktalar\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc s\u0131cak b\u00f6lgelerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucunda olu\u015ftuklar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor.
\n Bilim adamlar\u0131, s\u0131cak noktalar\u0131n astenosfer ve alt mantoda bulundu\u011fu varsay\u0131l\u0131yor.S\u0131cak noktalarda, \u0131s\u0131 ak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n mantonun i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7erek y\u00fckseldi\u011fi tahmin ediliyor.Bu ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bas\u0131nc\u0131n etkisini ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucunda da magma olu\u015fur.Y\u00fczeye do\u011fru \u00e7\u0131kan magma, litosferden ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda, yolunun \u00fczerindeki kaya k\u00fctlelerini ergiterek kendisine yol a\u00e7ar.Magman\u0131n y\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde zamanla yanarda\u011flar olu\u015fur. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Yanarda\u011flar, yeralt\u0131ndaki ergimi\u015f kayalar\u0131n ,kaya par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n ve gazlar\u0131n yerkabu\u011fundaki a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131klardan p\u00fcsk\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olu\u015fumlard\u0131r.Art arda olan p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmeler sonucunda maddelerin \u00fcst \u00fcste y\u0131\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan y\u00fckseltiler de ayn\u0131 bi\u00e7imde adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.Y\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kan ergimi\u015f durumdaki maddeler zamanla kat\u0131la\u015farak volkanik kayalar\u0131 olu\u015fturur .Depremler gibi yanarda\u011flar\u0131n da \u00e7o\u011fu levha s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na yak\u0131n yerlerde bulunur.\u00d6te yandan, nas\u0131l ki, levha s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na uzak yerlerde de zaman …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[11369,2962,3147,3481],"class_list":["post-5692","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-dalma-batma-bolgesi-yanardaglari","tag-magma","tag-okyanus","tag-yanardaglar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5692","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5692"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5692\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5692"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5692"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5692"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}