Magman\u0131n yerkabu\u011fundan y\u00fckselerek y\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na yanarda\u011f p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmesi ad\u0131 verilir.Yanarda\u011f bir kez olu\u015ftuktan sonra yeralt\u0131ndan magma geldi\u011fi s\u00fcrece p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmeler devam eder.\u0130ki p\u00fcsk\u00fcrme aras\u0131nda onlarca, y\u00fczlerce, hatta binlerce y\u0131l ge\u00e7bilir.<\/p>\n
Magma Y\u00fckseli\u015fi:
\n Astenosferdeki magma, ancak yeterince b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u201ckabarc\u0131k\u201dolu\u015fturacak bi\u00e7imde birikti\u011fi zaman litosfere do\u011fru y\u00fckselir.Magman\u0131n y\u00fckselmesine yol a\u00e7an s\u00fcre\u00e7, bozuk bir musluktan suyun damlamas\u0131na(ancak ters y\u00f6nde) benzer.Bozuk bir muslukta su s\u00fcrekli bi\u00e7imde muslu\u011fun a\u011fz\u0131nda birikir fakat damla halinde d\u00fc\u015fmesi ancak yeterli a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa ula\u015fmas\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.Magma da yeralt\u0131nda yeterli derecede birikti\u011finde ve yo\u011funlu\u011fu \u00e7evresindeki kaya k\u00fctlelerinden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funda yukar\u0131 do\u011fru \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flar.\u00c7o\u011fu yanarda\u011f\u0131n alt\u0131nda (yerkabu\u011funun i\u00e7inde ya da alt\u0131nda) magman\u0131n birikti\u011fi bir magma odas\u0131 vard\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Yanarda\u011f\u0131n Alt\u0131:
\n Magma odas\u0131 il yanarda\u011f\u0131n y\u00fczeyi aras\u0131nda kanal ya da baca olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan geni\u015flemi\u015f \u00e7atlaklar bulunur.Bunlar bir \u00f6nceki patlamalardan arta kalan kat\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f magma ile doludur.baz\u0131 yanarda\u011flarda, magma odas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7ok say\u0131da baca olmak ile birlikte bunlar\u0131n hepsi y\u00fczeye ula\u015fmayabilir.Bir bacan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere a\u011f\u0131z denir.Yanarda\u011f a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131 yuvarlak ya da ince uzun bi\u00e7imde olabilir.Baz\u0131 a\u011f\u0131zlar, krater ad\u0131 verilen derin \u00e7ukurlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulunur.Bir p\u00fcsk\u00fcrme s\u0131ras\u0131nda, magma, birikti\u011fi magma odas\u0131ndan y\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kan bacalardan birinden ge\u00e7erek,yanarda\u011f\u0131n tepesindeki a\u011f\u0131za ula\u015f\u0131r ve buradan d\u0131\u015far\u0131 f\u0131\u015fk\u0131r\u0131r. Baz\u0131 durumlarda ise magma ,yanarda\u011f\u0131n yamac\u0131ndaki bir a\u011f\u0131zdan \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n
Lav:
\n P\u00fcsk\u00fcrme s\u0131ras\u0131nda y\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kan magma lav ad\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r.Yanarda\u011f\u0131n yama\u00e7lar\u0131ndan, lavdan olu\u015fan bir nehir gibi akan lav ak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n zaman so\u011fuyup kat\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131yla volkanik kayalar olu\u015fur.\u00c7e\u015fitli t\u00fcrlerde lav bulunmakla birlikte bunlar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc nerdeyse di\u011fer mineral elementlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bir silisyum ve oksijen kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 olan silisyum dioksit (SiO2) i\u00e7erir. Lav\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011fu ,i\u00e7indeki silisyum dioksit oran\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir.Yo\u011fun olmayan lav bal k\u0131vam\u0131ndad\u0131r.Yo\u011fun lav ise \u015fekerlenmi\u015f bal gibi koyu ve yap\u0131\u015fkand\u0131r.Bir patlama s\u0131ras\u0131nda yanarda\u011fdan farkl\u0131 yo\u011funlukta lavlar p\u00fcsk\u00fcrebilir.
\n Bir yanarda\u011f\u0131n bi\u00e7imi, b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda, lav\u0131n yo\u011funluna ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.Yo\u011fun olmayan lav kat\u0131la\u015f\u0131ncaya kadar daha geni\u015f bir \u00e7evreye yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ,bu T\u00fcr lavdan olu\u015fan yanar da\u011flar\u0131n yama\u00e7lar\u0131 yumu\u015fak e\u011fimli olur.Kalkan bi\u00e7imli olarak tan\u0131mlanan Bu yanarda\u011flar, \u00e7o\u011fu zaman s\u0131cak noktalar ve yay\u0131lma s\u0131rtlar\u0131nda bulunur.Bu yanarda\u011flar\u0131n lav\u0131 \u00e7o\u011funlukla bazalttan olu\u015fur.Yo\u011fun lav,y\u00fcksek oranda silisyum dioksit i\u00e7erir ve genellikle dalma-batma b\u00f6lgelerinin \u00fczerindeki yanarda\u011flardan p\u00fcsk\u00fcr\u00fcr.\u00c7ok koyu oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in a\u011f\u0131zdan fazla uzakla\u015fmadan kat\u0131la\u015fan bu lav\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu yanarda\u011flar \u00e7o\u011fu zaman koni bi\u00e7imindedir.<\/p>\n
P\u00fcsk\u00fcrme Tipleri:
\n Yanarda\u011f\u0131n p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmeleri, lav\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imine g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.Bu da lav\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011funa ve lav\u0131n i\u00e7erdi\u011fi gazlar\u0131n ne kadar kolayl\u0131kla kurtulabilmelerine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.Yo\u011fun olmayan lavdan kolayca kurtulabilen gazlar, yo\u011fun lavdan ancak b\u00fcy\u00fck patlamalarla kurtulabilirler.
\nMagma, y\u00fczeye yakla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a \u00fczerindeki bas\u0131n\u00e7 azal\u0131r ve t\u0131pk\u0131 bir gazoz \u015fi\u015fesinin kapa\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman bas\u0131nc\u0131n azalmas\u0131 sonucu gazozun i\u00e7inde hava kabarc\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131 gibi volkanik gazlar magman\u0131n i\u00e7inde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kabarc\u0131klar olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n
Farkl\u0131 p\u00fcsk\u00fcrme tipleri:
\n*Hawaii tipi p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmeler genellikle hafif \u015fiddetedir.lav\u0131n \u00e7ok ak\u0131\u015fkan oldu\u011fu ve i\u00e7inde gazlar\u0131n kolayca kurtuldu\u011fu durumlarda bu t\u00fcr p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmeler olur.Kimi zaman magma, yanarda\u011fdan d\u0131\u015far\u0131, bir f\u0131skiyeden f\u0131\u015fk\u0131ran su gibi \u00e7\u0131kar.
\n*Stromboli tipi p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmeler, lav\u0131n biraz daha yo\u011fun olmas\u0131 durumunda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.S\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f gazlar, yanarda\u011f a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evresine s\u0131v\u0131 halde lav k\u00fctlerinin f\u0131\u015fk\u0131rmas\u0131na neden olan, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck patlamalarla a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar.
\n*Vulkona tipi p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmeler, lav\u0131n daha yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu durumlarda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.S\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f gazlar g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc patlamalarla a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar ve yanarda\u011f\u0131n a\u011fz\u0131na iri kaya par\u00e7alar\u0131 ile \u00e7ok miktarlarda volkanik k\u00fcl p\u00fcsk\u00fcr\u00fcr.
\n Pilinius tipi p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmeler, lav\u0131n \u00e7ok yo\u011fun olmas\u0131 durumunda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.S\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f gazlar, \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck patlamalarla kurtulur.Yanarda\u011f\u0131n p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmeleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda volkanik k\u00fcl g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcne f\u0131rlat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Magman\u0131n yerkabu\u011fundan y\u00fckselerek y\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na yanarda\u011f p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmesi ad\u0131 verilir.Yanarda\u011f bir kez olu\u015ftuktan sonra yeralt\u0131ndan magma geldi\u011fi s\u00fcrece p\u00fcsk\u00fcrmeler devam eder.\u0130ki p\u00fcsk\u00fcrme aras\u0131nda onlarca, y\u00fczlerce, hatta binlerce y\u0131l ge\u00e7bilir. Magma Y\u00fckseli\u015fi: Astenosferdeki magma, ancak yeterince b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u201ckabarc\u0131k\u201dolu\u015fturacak bi\u00e7imde birikti\u011fi zaman litosfere do\u011fru y\u00fckselir.Magman\u0131n y\u00fckselmesine yol a\u00e7an s\u00fcre\u00e7, bozuk bir musluktan suyun damlamas\u0131na(ancak ters y\u00f6nde) benzer.Bozuk …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[2960,2114,2962,11371,11373,11372,11370,2963],"class_list":["post-5694","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-astenosfer","tag-lav","tag-magma","tag-magma-yukselisi","tag-pilinius-tipi-puskurmeler","tag-puskurme-tipleri","tag-yanardag-puskurtmeleri","tag-yerkabugu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5694","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5694"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5694\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5694"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5694"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5694"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}