Ridaniye Sava\u015f\u0131 (Ridaniye Zaferi)<\/p>\n
Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun kesin zaferiyle neticelenen Osmanl\u0131-Meml\u00fbk meydan muharebesi.
\n22 Ocak 1517 tarihinde, Kahire yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Ridaniye mevkiinde, Osmanl\u0131 Sultan\u0131 Birinci Selim Han (Yavuz) ile M\u0131s\u0131r Meml\u00fbk Sultan\u0131 Tomanbay aras\u0131nda meydana geldi. Neticesi itibariyle \u0130sl\u00e2m ve Osmanl\u0131 tarihi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli hadise ve de\u011fi\u015fikliklere sebep oldu. <\/p>\n
Sultan Selim Han, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti aleyhine ba\u015fka devletlerle ittifak i\u00e7ine giren Meml\u00fbk Devleti’ne kar\u015f\u0131, 1516 y\u0131l\u0131nda M\u0131s\u0131r Seferine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. 24 A\u011fustos 1516 tarihinde, Mercidab\u0131k\u2019ta M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131lar\u0131 ma\u011flup ederek, Suriye ve Filistin\u2019i zaptetti. \u0130leri harek\u00e2ta devamla a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131yla beraber Sin\u00e2 \u00c7\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fc be\u015f g\u00fcnde ge\u00e7erek, S\u00e2lihiye\u2019ye geldi. Sin\u00e2 \u00c7\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fc ge\u00e7erken ya\u011fmur ya\u011f\u0131nca, her birine d\u00f6rder ve alt\u0131\u015far \u00e7ekim hayvan\u0131n\u0131n ko\u015fuldu\u011fu a\u011f\u0131r arabalardaki y\u00fczlerce top, kumlar\u0131n kat\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 sayesinde kolayca ge\u00e7irildi. Ordu ve hayvanlar su s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ekmedi. Sultan Selim Han\u0131n Ridaniye\u2019ye giderken, ordunun a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131yla bir g\u00fcnde elli kilometre y\u00fcr\u00fcmesi, harp tarihinde rekordur. <\/p>\n
Osmanl\u0131 ordusu, 21 Ocakta, Kahire\u2019ye \u00e7ok yak\u0131n, Birket-\u00fcl-Hac mevkiinde konaklad\u0131. M\u0131s\u0131r Seferi esnas\u0131nda, \u00e7\u00f6lde ve Kahire yak\u0131n\u0131nda Bedev\u00ee e\u015fk\u0131yalar\u0131n ve Meml\u00fbklar\u0131n tecav\u00fczk\u00e2r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 tedbir al\u0131n\u0131p, taarruzlar\u0131 \u00f6nlendi. Tomanbay kumandas\u0131ndaki M\u0131s\u0131r-Meml\u00fbk ordusu, \u00c2diliye\u2019deydi. Kahire\u2019nin kuzeyindeki Ridaniye K\u00f6y\u00fc Ovas\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcndeki, cephesi kuzeydo\u011fuya d\u00f6n\u00fck bir mevzi haz\u0131rlay\u0131p, do\u011fuda El-Mukattam Da\u011f\u0131na; bat\u0131 kanad\u0131 da Nil Nehrine dayat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu mevziin \u00f6n\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u0130leri araziye hakim olup, Sin\u00e2 \u00c7\u00f6l\u00fcnden gelen yolu kapayan ve kontrol alt\u0131nda bulunduran bir vaziyetteydi. Mevzi kaz\u0131lan derin bir hendekle, \u00e7\u0131kan topra\u011f\u0131n bu hende\u011fin \u00f6n\u00fcne at\u0131lmas\u0131yla haz\u0131rlanan bir siper ve gerisine g\u00f6m\u00fclen iki y\u00fcz top vard\u0131. Toplar, Avrupa\u2019dan getirilmi\u015f olup, top\u00e7ular yabanc\u0131yd\u0131. Tomanbay, ordusunun piyade k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 bu mevzie yerle\u015ftirip, s\u00fcvari birlikleri ve ihtiyat\u0131 geride bulunduruyordu. Tomanbay\u2019\u0131n taktik plan\u0131; Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n taarruzunu \u00f6nce top\u00e7u ate\u015fiyle k\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra s\u00fcvarilerin ve hassa ordusu c\u00fcnd\u00eelerin kar\u015f\u0131 taarruzu ile Osmanl\u0131 ordusunu yok etmekti. Meml\u00fbk ordusunun mevcudu elli bin civar\u0131nda bulunuyordu. Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun mevcudu altm\u0131\u015f bin olup, \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz de top vard\u0131. Toplar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 yivli olup, baz\u0131lar\u0131 arka arkaya be\u015f, on g\u00fclle atabiliyordu. <\/p>\n
Sultan Selim Han, esirlerden ve ke\u015fif neticesinde Meml\u00fbk muharebe usul\u00fcn\u00fc tespit ettirdi. Vakit ge\u00e7irmeden d\u00fc\u015fmana son darbeyi vurmak i\u00e7in d\u00e2hiy\u00e2ne ve c\u00fcretli bir kararla harekete ge\u00e7ildi. Ridaniye mevziine, cepheden taarruz vazifesi yapacak yedek kuvvetleri b\u0131rakt\u0131ktan sonra, as\u0131l kuvvetlerle, 21\/22 Ocak 1517 gecesi Kahire\u2019nin do\u011fusundaki El-Mukattam Da\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dola\u015farak sarkt\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 toplar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrat ve maharetle uygun yerlere yerle\u015ftirdi. B\u00f6ylece Sultan Selim Han, Meml\u00fbklar\u0131n beklemedi\u011fi bir istikametten taarruz etmekle, M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131lar\u0131 bask\u0131na u\u011frat\u0131p, taktik planlar\u0131n\u0131 bozarak, uzun zamandan beri b\u00fcy\u00fck emeklerle haz\u0131rlad\u0131klar\u0131 mevzi ve toplar\u0131 muharebe d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakacakt\u0131. 22 Ocak sabah\u0131, harp ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce, iki taraf\u0131n muharebe d\u00fczeni bu haldeydi. <\/p>\n
Sava\u015f, 22 Ocak 1517 sabah\u0131 erken saatlerde ba\u015flad\u0131. M\u0131s\u0131r ordusunun \u00f6n\u00fcndeki Osmanl\u0131 alay\u0131 h\u00fccuma ge\u00e7ince, Tomanbay \u00f6nceden mevzilerde haz\u0131r bekletti\u011fi toplar\u0131n ate\u015fe ba\u015flamalar\u0131n\u0131 emretti. Bu arada gerilerine sarkm\u0131\u015f bulunan as\u0131l Osmanl\u0131 kuvvetlerinin \u201cAllah, Allah!\u201d nidalar\u0131 ile kendilerine h\u00fccum etti\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcnce, \u015fa\u015fk\u0131na d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Toplar\u0131, mevzilerinde kal\u0131p i\u015fe yaramad\u0131. Meml\u00fbk kuvvetleri, bir anda iki ate\u015f aras\u0131nda kald\u0131. Fakat, Meml\u00fbk s\u00fcvarileri, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir cesaretle ileri at\u0131ld\u0131lar. Merkezdeki saflar birbirine girip, iki taraf da k\u0131yas\u0131ya muharebeye tutu\u015ftu. Yak\u0131n muharebe ve bo\u011fu\u015fma, kay\u0131plar\u0131 artt\u0131rd\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 top\u00e7u ve t\u00fcfek\u00e7isinin ate\u015fi alt\u0131nda m\u00fccadele edip, pervas\u0131zca direnmeleri, Meml\u00fbk kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 daha da artt\u0131rd\u0131. Meml\u00fbklar\u0131n, Osmanl\u0131 merkezine kar\u015f\u0131 ileri at\u0131lmalar\u0131 \u00fczerine, Vez\u00eeri\u00e2zam Had\u0131m Sinan Pa\u015fa kumandas\u0131ndaki sa\u011f kanat ve Vezir Yunus Pa\u015fa emrindeki sol kanat kuvvetleri taarruza ge\u00e7erek M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131lar\u0131n yan ve gerilerini ku\u015fatt\u0131. Bu arada, sava\u015f\u0131 kaybetmek \u00fczere oldu\u011funu anlayan Tomanbay, yan\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 iki y\u00fcz se\u00e7me askerle padi\u015fah\u0131n ota\u011f\u0131na sald\u0131rd\u0131. Padi\u015fah\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrebilirse, Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun da\u011f\u0131labilece\u011fini hesaplam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ancak onlar, Yavuz zannettikleri Sinan Pa\u015fan\u0131n kuvvetlerini yararak etraf\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evirdiler. Sinan Pa\u015fa, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir azim ve kahramanl\u0131kla m\u00fccadele ettiyse de \u015fehit d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Yavuz Sultan Selim, bu k\u0131sma derhal B\u00e2li A\u011fa kumandas\u0131nda yard\u0131mc\u0131 birlikler g\u00f6nderip durumu lehine \u00e7evirdi. Muharebe, ak\u015fama do\u011fru Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun zaferiyle sonu\u00e7land\u0131. <\/p>\n
Yirmi be\u015f bin kay\u0131p veren Meml\u00fbk ordusunun geride kalanlar\u0131, Kahire\u2019ye ve oradan da Sait istikametine \u00e7ekildi. Sultan Tomanbay da, Kurtbay ve bir avu\u00e7 adam\u0131yla, sel\u00e2meti ka\u00e7makta buldu. Vezir Yunus Pa\u015fa, Meml\u00fbklara kar\u015f\u0131 zaferin kazan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve Tomanbay\u2019\u0131n ka\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Sultan Selim Hana bildirdi\u011finde; <\/p>\n
\u201cLala Lala! M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131 ald\u0131k ama Sinan\u2019\u0131 kaybettik. Sinan\u2019\u0131, M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019a de\u011fi\u015fmezdim. Sinan\u2019s\u0131z M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da ne g\u00fczellik olur?\u201d s\u00f6zleriyle Sinan Pa\u015fan\u0131n, yan\u0131ndaki k\u0131ymetini belirtti. Ertesi g\u00fcn Vez\u00eeri\u00e2zam Sinan Pa\u015fa ve di\u011fer \u015fehitler defnedildi. 24 Ocak 1517 tarihinde Kahire\u2019ye girilip, M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n fethi tamamland\u0131. <\/p>\n
Osmanl\u0131 zaferiyle neticelenen Ridaniye Meydan Muharebesi; Osmanl\u0131 Devletine ve d\u00fcnya tarihine pek \u00e7ok madd\u00ee ve manev\u00ee faydalar sa\u011flad\u0131. M\u0131s\u0131r, Arabistan Yar\u0131madas\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 hakimiyetine ge\u00e7ti. K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz\u2019e ve Hind Okyanusuna inilip, Kuzey Afrika hakimiyet yolu a\u00e7\u0131larak, Osmanl\u0131 hududu, Atlas Okyanusuna dayand\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Hicaz ve Orta Do\u011fudaki mukaddes makamlar, Osmanl\u0131 hizmetine a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Buralar nadide eserlerle s\u00fcslendi. Yeni eserler ve ilaveler yap\u0131larak, istifadeye sunuldu. Halifelik, Sultan Selim Hana ge\u00e7erek, Osmanl\u0131 padi\u015fahlar\u0131, saltanata ilaveten hilafet makam\u0131na da sahip olup, \u0130sl\u00e2m \u00e2leminin de lideri oldu. Ridaniye Muharebesi ve M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n fethinde, asker\u00ee sahada ilk defa Osmanl\u0131lar, 1517 y\u0131l\u0131nda, yivli top kulland\u0131lar. Avrupa\u2019da, 1868\u2019de, ilk defa Almanlar\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yivli toplar\u0131n, Osmanl\u0131larda on alt\u0131nc\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda mevcut olmas\u0131, imal edilerek muharebelerde kullan\u0131lmalar\u0131, teknikteki \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcklerini g\u00f6stermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir. Yavuz Sultan Selim Han\u0131n M\u0131s\u0131r Seferi, harek\u00e2t kabiliyeti, sevk ve idare, muharebede tatbik edilen taktik ve strateji bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, harp tarihinin e\u015fsiz numuneleri aras\u0131na girer.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ridaniye Sava\u015f\u0131 (Ridaniye Zaferi) Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun kesin zaferiyle neticelenen Osmanl\u0131-Meml\u00fbk meydan muharebesi. 22 Ocak 1517 tarihinde, Kahire yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Ridaniye mevkiinde, Osmanl\u0131 Sultan\u0131 Birinci Selim Han (Yavuz) ile M\u0131s\u0131r Meml\u00fbk Sultan\u0131 Tomanbay aras\u0131nda meydana geldi. Neticesi itibariyle \u0130sl\u00e2m ve Osmanl\u0131 tarihi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli hadise ve de\u011fi\u015fikliklere sebep oldu. Sultan Selim Han, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti aleyhine ba\u015fka devletlerle …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1403,1406],"tags":[1685,1833,1526,1831,1832,1834],"class_list":["post-573","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-odevler","category-sosyal-bilgiler-odevleri","tag-avrupa","tag-memlukler","tag-osmanli","tag-ridaniye-savasi","tag-ridaniye-zaferi","tag-sultan-selim-han"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/573","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=573"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/573\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=573"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=573"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=573"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}