Bo\u015fluk, havas\u0131zl\u0131k anlam\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan ‘vakum’ terimi \u00e7o\u011fu kez yanl\u0131\u015f anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Normal \u015fartlarda, deniz seviyesinde, v\u00fccudumuzun her santimetrekaresi \u00fczerinde l kilogram hava bas\u0131nc\u0131 vard\u0131r. Parma\u011f\u0131n\u0131za l kilograml\u0131k bir y\u00fck taksan\u0131z zor ta\u015f\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z ama parma\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n minik bir bozuk para b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde olan k\u0131sm\u0131 \u00fczerinde her zaman bu a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k vard\u0131r. Bir de b\u00fct\u00fcn v\u00fccudun \u00fczerinde olan\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn.<\/p>\n
\u00dczerimizdeki atmosfer tabakas\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu hayli y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 alt\u0131nda ezilmeyiz hatta hissetmeyiz bile. V\u00fccudumuz buna g\u00f6re ayarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu bas\u0131n\u00e7 biraz artarsa (denize dald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda) veya biraz azal\u0131rsa (u\u00e7akta veya y\u00fcksek da\u011flara \u00e7\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman) v\u00fccudumuz, kulaklar\u0131m\u0131z ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere bunu hemen alg\u0131lar.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015fte bas\u0131nc\u0131n, santimetrekareye l kilogram (1000 gram) olan atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmesine vakum denilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin santimetrekarede 0,8 kilograml\u0131k (800 gram) bir bas\u0131n\u00e7 pratikte atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n ne kadar alt\u0131nda ise o kadar yani l 000-800= 200 milibar vakum olarak ifade edilir.<\/p>\n
Vakumda, yani hava bas\u0131nc\u0131 atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131ndan daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funda \u00fczerimizdeki bas\u0131n\u00e7 da azalm\u0131\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcm\u00fcz hafiflemi\u015f oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re v\u00fccudumuz da daha rahat etmez mi? Hay\u0131r, tersine. V\u00fccudumuzun i\u00e7 bas\u0131nc\u0131 atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131na g\u00f6re ayarl\u0131d\u0131r. D\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131zdaki bas\u0131n\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015ferse, denge bozulaca\u011f\u0131ndan ve i\u00e7 bas\u0131nc\u0131m\u0131z fazla gelece\u011finden ba\u015fta damarlar\u0131m\u0131z olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm organlar\u0131m\u0131z zarar g\u00f6rebilir, devam etmesi durumunda ise insan\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcme g\u00f6t\u00fcrebilir.<\/p>\n
Hakiki veya mutlak vakum tam s\u0131f\u0131r hava bas\u0131nc\u0131na ula\u015fmakt\u0131r ki, bu pratikte m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Uzayda bile hakiki vakum yoktur. Bir ortam\u0131n hakiki yani mutlak vakumda olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in i\u00e7inde molek\u00fcl, atom, elektron, ve atomun di\u011fer k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131ndan hi\u00e7birinin olmamas\u0131 gerekir. Uzayda ‘neutrinus’ denilen partik\u00fcller vard\u0131r, bu nedenle uzayda bile hakiki vakum vard\u0131r diyemiyoruz. Ancak uzay o kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck, par\u00e7ac\u0131klar da o kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcrler ki y\u00fczde 99,9999….vakumdur diyebiliriz.<\/p>\n
Elinize bir \u015fi\u015fe al\u0131p havas\u0131n\u0131 bo\u015falt\u0131p, a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 da s\u0131zd\u0131rmaz \u015fekilde kapat\u0131rsan\u0131z \u015fi\u015fenin i\u00e7inde vakum olu\u015fmu\u015ftur diyebiliriz. \u015ei\u015fenin kapa\u011f\u0131nda bir delik a\u00e7arsan\u0131z d\u0131\u015far\u0131daki hava derhal i\u00e7eri h\u00fccum eder, i\u00e7erdeki vakumun yerini al\u0131r. O halde d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7evreleyen hava tabakas\u0131 ni\u00e7in uzay\u0131n bo\u015flu\u011funa, vakumlu ortam\u0131na ka\u00e7m\u0131yor?<\/p>\n
\u00d6rnekteki havan\u0131n, \u015fi\u015fenin i\u00e7ine dalmas\u0131na sebep \u00fczerindeki atmosferik bas\u0131n\u00e7t\u0131r. Atmosferde 10 000 metreye \u00e7\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda (yolcu u\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n normal u\u00e7u\u015f y\u00fcksekli\u011fi) hava bas\u0131nc\u0131 santimetrekarede 0,3 kilograma, 16 000 metrede 0,1 kilograma d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/p>\n
Atmosferin \u00fcst katmanlar\u0131na gittik\u00e7e de hava bas\u0131nc\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131ra yakla\u015f\u0131r. Havan\u0131n vakumlu ortama ka\u00e7mas\u0131n\u0131 yaratacak bir hava bas\u0131nc\u0131 yoktur, bu nedenle uzay\u0131n bo\u015flu\u011fu hava molek\u00fcllerini \u00e7ekemez, atmosfer tabakam\u0131z da uzay\u0131n bo\u015flu\u011funa ka\u00e7\u0131p gitmez. Tabii d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7ekim g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc de unutmamak laz\u0131m.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bo\u015fluk, havas\u0131zl\u0131k anlam\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan ‘vakum’ terimi \u00e7o\u011fu kez yanl\u0131\u015f anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Normal \u015fartlarda, deniz seviyesinde, v\u00fccudumuzun her santimetrekaresi \u00fczerinde l kilogram hava bas\u0131nc\u0131 vard\u0131r. Parma\u011f\u0131n\u0131za l kilograml\u0131k bir y\u00fck taksan\u0131z zor ta\u015f\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z ama parma\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n minik bir bozuk para b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde olan k\u0131sm\u0131 \u00fczerinde her zaman bu a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k vard\u0131r. Bir de b\u00fct\u00fcn v\u00fccudun \u00fczerinde olan\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. \u00dczerimizdeki atmosfer …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[2796,3672,2158,11469],"class_list":["post-6019","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-atmosfer","tag-atmosfer-basinci","tag-basinc","tag-vakum-nedir"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6019","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6019"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6019\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6019"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6019"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6019"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}