Bir maddenin kat\u0131, s\u0131v\u0131 ve gaz halleri aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7i\u015fler yapmas\u0131na hal de\u011fi\u015ftirme denir. <\/p>\n
Erime: Bir maddenin kat\u0131 halden s\u0131v\u0131 hale ge\u00e7mesine erime, erimenin meydana geldi\u011fi s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa erime s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 denir.<\/p>\n
Donma: Bir maddenin s\u0131v\u0131 halden kat\u0131 hale ge\u00e7mesine donma, donman\u0131n meydana geldi\u011fi s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa donma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 denir.<\/p>\n
Kaynama: Bir maddenin s\u0131v\u0131 halden gaz hale ge\u00e7mesine kaynama, kaynaman\u0131n meydana geldi\u011fi s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa kaynama s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 denir. Kaynama ile buharla\u015fma ayn\u0131 \u015fey de\u011fildir. Buharla\u015fma her s\u0131cakl\u0131kta olurken kaynama belirli bir s\u0131cakl\u0131kta olur. Kaynama buharla\u015fman\u0131n en yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu and\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Yo\u011funla\u015fma: Bir maddenin gaz halden s\u0131v\u0131 hale ge\u00e7mesine yo\u011funla\u015fma, yo\u011funla\u015fman\u0131n meydana geldi\u011fi s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa yo\u011funla\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 denir.<\/p>\n
S\u00fcblimle\u015fme: bir kat\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131v\u0131 hale ge\u00e7meden gaz hale ge\u00e7mesine s\u00fcblimle\u015fme denir. Naftalin ve tuvaletlerde kullan\u0131lan kat\u0131 koku gidericiler buna \u00f6rnektir.
\n Hal de\u011fi\u015ftirme \u0131s\u0131s\u0131(L): 1gram maddeyi bir halden ba\u015fka bir hale ge\u00e7irmek i\u00e7in ona verilmesi veya ondan al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken \u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
E\u011fer madde eriyorsa erime \u0131s\u0131s\u0131(Le), kayn\u0131yorsa kaynama \u0131s\u0131s\u0131(Lk) ad\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d6z\u0131s\u0131(c): 1 maddenin 1gram\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 1\u00b0C de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in ona verilmesi veya ondan al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken \u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Hal de\u011fi\u015fimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda erime ve kaynama noktalar\u0131nda bir s\u00fcre s\u0131cakl\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fmez al\u0131nan \u0131s\u0131 molek\u00fcllerin aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in harcan\u0131r. Bu noktalarda harcanan enerji a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi hesaplan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Q = m.L <\/p>\n
Q = \u0131s\u0131
\n m = k\u00fctle
\n L = Bu harla\u015fma yada erime erime \u0131s\u0131.<\/p>\n
Hal de\u011fi\u015fiminde yukar\u0131da anlat\u0131lan s\u00fcre d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda harcanan \u0131s\u0131 enerjisi miktar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki form\u00fcl ile hesaplan\u0131r.
\n Q=m.c.\u0394t<\/p>\n
Q = \u0131s\u0131
\n m = k\u00fctle
\n c = \u00f6z \u0131s\u0131
\n \u0394t= s\u0131cakl\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fimi <\/p>\n
Hal De\u011fi\u015ftirme \u0130le \u0130lgili \u00d6zellikler: <\/p>\n
1. Hal de\u011fi\u015ftirme s\u00fcresince s\u0131cakl\u0131k sabit kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n
2. Bir madde i\u00e7in ;
\n erime s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131=donma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131
\n kaynama s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131=yo\u011funla\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131
\n erime \u0131s\u0131s\u0131=donma \u0131s\u0131s\u0131
\n kaynama \u0131s\u0131s\u0131=yo\u011funla\u015fma \u0131s\u0131s\u0131\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
3. Her maddenin belirli bir bas\u0131n\u00e7 alt\u0131nda belirli bir erime noktas\u0131 vard\u0131r. Erime s\u0131ras\u0131nda hacmi artan maddeler de donma noktas\u0131 bas\u0131nc\u0131n artmas\u0131yla artar. Erime s\u0131ras\u0131nda hacmi azalan maddelerin donma noktas\u0131 bas\u0131nc\u0131n artmas\u0131yla azal\u0131r, yani daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda donar. Buzun \u00fczerine bas\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 0\u00b0C den daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda da erimesi buna \u00f6rnektir.<\/p>\n
4. Her s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n belirli bir bas\u0131n\u00e7 alt\u0131nda belirli bir kaynama noktas\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bas\u0131n\u00e7 azald\u0131k\u00e7a kaynama noktas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kaynama buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131 ile d\u0131\u015f ortam bas\u0131nc\u0131n e\u015fitlendi\u011fi anda ba\u015flar. Y\u00fckseklere \u00e7\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131k\u00e7a atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131 azald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kaynama noktas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/p>\n
5. Is\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fald\u0131k\u00e7a buharla\u015fma kolayla\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
6. Hava ak\u0131m\u0131 buharla\u015fmay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n
7. S\u0131v\u0131 y\u00fczeyi geni\u015fledik\u00e7e buharla\u015fma kolayla\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
8. Bas\u0131n\u00e7 azald\u0131k\u00e7a buharla\u015fma kolayla\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
9. Erime, donma, kaynama, yo\u011funla\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131, \u00f6z\u0131s\u0131, hal de\u011fi\u015ftirme \u0131s\u0131lar\u0131 maddenin ay\u0131rt edici \u00f6zelliklerindendir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bir maddenin kat\u0131, s\u0131v\u0131 ve gaz halleri aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7i\u015fler yapmas\u0131na hal de\u011fi\u015ftirme denir. Erime: Bir maddenin kat\u0131 halden s\u0131v\u0131 hale ge\u00e7mesine erime, erimenin meydana geldi\u011fi s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa erime s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 denir. Donma: Bir maddenin s\u0131v\u0131 halden kat\u0131 hale ge\u00e7mesine donma, donman\u0131n meydana geldi\u011fi s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa donma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 denir. Kaynama: Bir maddenin s\u0131v\u0131 halden gaz hale ge\u00e7mesine kaynama, kaynaman\u0131n …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[2158,3689,4916,11486,4914,4915,7040],"class_list":["post-6044","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-basinc","tag-buharlasma","tag-gaz","tag-hal-degistirme","tag-kati","tag-sivi","tag-sublimlesme"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6044","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6044"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6044\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6044"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6044"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6044"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}