Protein yap\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 (Translasyon) \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015famaya ay\u0131rabiliriz. Ba\u015flama (Initiation), uzama (Elongation) ve sonlanma (Termination). Baz\u0131 protein fakt\u00f6rleriyle birlikte mRNA, tRNA ve ribozomlar translasyon i\u00e7in gereklidir. Enerji ise GTP (Guanosin trifosfat)\u2019den sa\u011flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ribozom-mRNA birle\u015fmesi ve tRNA olu\u015fumu Protein Sentezinin Ba\u015flamas\u0131<\/p>\n
DNA’y\u0131 kaynak olarak kullanan RNA polimeraz enzimi taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen mRNA molek\u00fcl\u00fc, IF proteinlerinin yard\u0131m\u0131yla \u00f6nce ribozomun k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck altbirimine ba\u011flan\u0131r. Daha sonra mRNA 5′ ucundan okunmaya ba\u015flar. AUG kodonu protein sentezini ba\u015flat\u0131c\u0131 kodondur. Bu kodona Met-tRNAi (bakterilerde fMet-tRNAf) molek\u00fcl\u00fc ba\u011flan\u0131r. Daha sonra b\u00fcy\u00fck alt birim ile k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck alt birim birle\u015fir ve protein sentezi ilerler. Gerekli olan enerji GTP\u2019den sa\u011flan\u0131r. Ba\u015flat\u0131c\u0131 kodona uyan tRNA, ribozomun P b\u00f6lgesine yerle\u015ferek A b\u00f6lgesine kodona uygun yeni bir aminoa\u00e7i-tRNA gelmesi beklenir.<\/p>\n
Polipeptid uzamas\u0131<\/p>\n
Uzama<\/p>\n
Ribozomun A y\u00fczeyine uygun antikodona sahip tRNA gelir ve zay\u0131f hidrojen ba\u011flar\u0131yla kodona ba\u011flan\u0131r. Bu s\u0131rada 2 molek\u00fcl GTP harcan\u0131r. \u0130kinci basamakta P y\u00fczeyde bulunan polipeptid, A y\u00fczeyine gelen amino asit ile birle\u015fecek bi\u00e7imde ortama aktar\u0131l\u0131r. Ribozom, mRNA \u00fczerinde 3′ y\u00f6n\u00fcne do\u011fru hareket ederek A y\u00fczeyinde bulunan tRNA ile birlikte polipeptidi P y\u00fczeyine aktar\u0131r. P y\u00fczeyinde bulunan tRNA ise E y\u00fczeyine ge\u00e7erek ribozomdan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Enerji GTP\u2019den sa\u011flan\u0131r. Ribozom, mRNA \u00fczerinde 5′—>3′ y\u00f6n\u00fcnde hareket eder. Okuma ise kodon seviyesinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n
Sonlanma<\/p>\n
Polipeptidin serbest kalmas\u0131 Uzama, mRNA \u00fczerinde durma kodonlar\u0131na kadar devam eder. A y\u00fczeyine serbest b\u0131rak\u0131c\u0131 fakt\u00f6rler geldi\u011finde okuma sonlan\u0131r. Bu fakt\u00f6rlerin A y\u00fczeyine gelebilmesi i\u00e7in mRNA\u2019daki kodonun UAG, UAA veya UGA \u015feklinde olmas\u0131 gerekir. Hidroliz enzimleri yard\u0131m\u0131yla P y\u00fczeyinde bulunan polipeptit serbestb\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece protein sentezi sonlanm\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Protein yap\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 (Translasyon) \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015famaya ay\u0131rabiliriz. Ba\u015flama (Initiation), uzama (Elongation) ve sonlanma (Termination). Baz\u0131 protein fakt\u00f6rleriyle birlikte mRNA, tRNA ve ribozomlar translasyon i\u00e7in gereklidir. Enerji ise GTP (Guanosin trifosfat)\u2019den sa\u011flan\u0131r. Ribozom-mRNA birle\u015fmesi ve tRNA olu\u015fumu Protein Sentezinin Ba\u015flamas\u0131 DNA’y\u0131 kaynak olarak kullanan RNA polimeraz enzimi taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen mRNA molek\u00fcl\u00fc, IF proteinlerinin yard\u0131m\u0131yla \u00f6nce ribozomun k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[2181,11770,2499,11771,2283],"class_list":["post-6444","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-bakteri","tag-polipeptid-yapimi","tag-protein-sentezi","tag-protein-yapimi","tag-ribozom"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6444","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6444"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6444\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6444"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6444"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6444"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}