Ar\u0131 halde g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fs\u00fc beyaz renkli bir metal olan demir (Fe), d\u00fcnyada ki metaller i\u00e7inde en bol bulunanlar\u0131n ikincisi, elementler aras\u0131nda ise d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr. Yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7ekirde\u011fi, b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda metal demirden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak, yery\u00fcz\u00fc kabu\u011funda demir, \u00f6teki maddelerle tepkimeye girmi\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Ar\u0131 durumda \u00e7ok seyrek bulunur: Yaln\u0131zca baz\u0131 g\u00f6kta\u015flar\u0131nda ve bazaltl\u0131 kayalarda. T\u00fcm bitkilerin, hayvanlar\u0131n ve insanlar\u0131n, ya\u015famak i\u00e7in demire ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u0130nsanlarda en b\u00fcy\u00fck demir y\u00fczdesi, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kan h\u00fccrelerinde bulunur. Hemoglobinin temel b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden birini olu\u015fturur. Kasalarda ve dokularda, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck miktarlar halinde bulunur. Demirin kimyasal simgesi olan Fe, latince \u201cdemir\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen ferrum\u2019 dan t\u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. Demirin atom numaras\u0131 26, atom a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 55,85 ve \u00f6zg\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 7,86\u2019 d\u0131r. Demir, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u011fnelerden dev yap\u0131lara kadar, binlerce i\u015flenmi\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ana maddesidir. K\u00fck\u00fcrt ve oksijen gibi metallerle kolayca birle\u015fir. Ba\u015fka herhangi bir metalden \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda, ala\u015f\u0131mlarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. En yararl\u0131 ve ucuz metallerden biri olan \u00e7elik, demire k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir miktar karbon kat\u0131lmas\u0131yla elde edilir. Topaz, turkuvaz ve lal ta\u015f\u0131 dahil, \u00e7e\u015fitli de\u011ferli ta\u015flar\u0131n kapsam\u0131nda deri vard\u0131r. DEM\u0130R F\u0130L\u0130ZLER\u0130 Demir, yer kabu\u011funda b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda bulunan bir\u00e7ok y\u00fckseltgenmi\u015f minerallerden ergitilir. Bu mineraller aras\u0131nda hematit, magnetit, limonit ve karbonat sideriti sayabiliriz. Hematit (Fe2O3), y\u00fczde 70 demir, y\u00fczde 30 oksijen kapsayan bir filizdir. Ad\u0131, kan k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131s\u0131 renginden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc yunanca \u201ckan\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden t\u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. Hematit, bazen e\u015fkenar paralel y\u00fczl\u00fc bi\u00e7iminde, bazen bir g\u00fcl yapraklar\u0131na benzeyen ince tabakalar halinde, bazen de boya maddesi olarak kullan\u0131lan ve toprakl\u0131 k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 bak\u0131r filizi diye adland\u0131r\u0131lan bir toz halinde bulunur. Magnetit (Fe3O4), ad\u0131n\u0131 magnetit \u00f6zelliklerinden alan ve y\u00fczde 72 demir kapsayan en zengin demir filizidir. E\u015fkenar paralel y\u00fczl\u00fc ve sekiz y\u00fczl\u00fc sistemlerde billurla\u015f\u0131r. Magnetit su ve \u00e7\u00f6zelti halindeki gazlar\u0131n kimyasal olarak a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rmaya u\u011fratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 olivin ve biyotit gibi kayalar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fiminden de olu\u015fur. Limonit filizi, d\u00fcnya demir \u00fcretiminde olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli bir y\u00fczde olu\u015fturur. Her bir limonit \u00f6rne\u011finde ki demir y\u00fczdesi, bulunan su molek\u00fclleri say\u0131s\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6teki demir filizlerinin de\u011fi\u015fimiyle olu\u015fan limonit \u00e7o\u011funlukla demirli su \u00e7\u00f6zeltileri yataklar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Demir bakterisi ad\u0131yla bilinen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck organizmalar\u0131n hareketi de b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda limonit yataklar\u0131 olu\u015fumuna yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. Avrupa\u2019 daki en b\u00fcy\u00fck yataklar olan Alsace-Lorraine yataklar\u0131 b\u00f6yle olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Siderit, FeCO3 form\u00fcl\u00fcyle g\u00f6sterilen ve y\u00fczde 43 demir kapsayan bir demir II karbonatt\u0131r. Billurlar\u0131 e\u015fkenar paralel y\u00fczl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Siderit de\u011fi\u015fimi u\u011framad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece beyazd\u0131r; ama y\u00fckseltgenli\u011finde (oksitlendi\u011finde), rengi sar\u0131 ile ya da kahverengiyle d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Siderit, \u00e7e\u015fitli t\u00fcrlerde tortul kayalarda birle\u015fme ya da kayalar\u0131n kimyasal de\u011fi\u015fmeleri sonucu olu\u015fur. Mika, form\u00fcl\u00fc FeO(OH) olan bir demir hidroksittir. Limonit ile birlikte bulunur. \u0130\u011fne bi\u00e7iminde billurlar ya da tabakalar halinde rastlan\u0131r. Prittien de (demir dis\u00fclf\u00fcr, FeS2 b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda demir \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. Prit, kavurma denilen bir s\u00fcre\u00e7le, k\u00fck\u00fcrt dioksit yapmak i\u00e7in bol hava ile yak\u0131l\u0131r. K\u00fck\u00fcrt dioksit, daha sonra, demir \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131na elveri\u015fli olan s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asit ve demir oksitler olu\u015fturmadan kullan\u0131l\u0131r. DEM\u0130R YATAKLARI A.B.D. en b\u00fcy\u00fck demir \u00fcreticisidir. Hemen her eyalette demir bulunur. Ancak, en \u00f6nemli yataklar Michigan, Minnessota ve Wisconsin\u2019 deki hematit filizleridir. D\u00fcnya y\u00fczeyindeki insan yap\u0131s\u0131 en geni\u015f delik, Minnessota\u2019 da Hibbing yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndad\u0131r ve bir de demir madeni y\u00fcz\u00fcnden a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Lorraine\u2019 deki b\u00fcy\u00fck limonit yataklar\u0131, Fransa i\u00e7in zengin ve ekonomik bir demir kayna\u011f\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Rusya\u2019 daki ba\u015fl\u0131ca yataklar Urallar\u2019 da Perm\u2019 de ve Ukrayna\u2019 da d\u0131r. Britanya\u2019 da demir filizi yataklar\u0131, Midlands ve Kuzey \u0130ngiltere k\u00f6m\u00fcr havzalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131r. \u0130sve\u00e7, Almanya, \u0130spanya, L\u00fcksemburg, Kanada ve Hindistan<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ar\u0131 halde g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fs\u00fc beyaz renkli bir metal olan demir (Fe), d\u00fcnyada ki metaller i\u00e7inde en bol bulunanlar\u0131n ikincisi, elementler aras\u0131nda ise d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr. Yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7ekirde\u011fi, b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda metal demirden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak, yery\u00fcz\u00fc kabu\u011funda demir, \u00f6teki maddelerle tepkimeye girmi\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Ar\u0131 durumda \u00e7ok seyrek bulunur: Yaln\u0131zca baz\u0131 g\u00f6kta\u015flar\u0131nda ve bazaltl\u0131 kayalarda. T\u00fcm bitkilerin, hayvanlar\u0131n ve insanlar\u0131n, ya\u015famak …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1407,1403],"tags":[11805,11804,2123,3040,2164],"class_list":["post-6476","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fen-ve-teknoloji-odevleri","category-odevler","tag-demir-disulfur","tag-demirin-kimyadaki-yeri","tag-kukurt","tag-metal","tag-oksijen"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6476","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6476"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6476\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6476"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6476"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6476"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}