Anlat\u0131m Bi\u00e7imleri<\/p>\n
\u00c7e\u015fitli ama\u00e7lara y\u00f6nelik olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen anlat\u0131m\u0131n etkileyici olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6ntemlere ba\u015fvurulur.\u0130\u015fte,anlat\u0131m\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirirken ba\u015fvurulan bu y\u00f6ntemlere \u201canlat\u0131m bi\u00e7imleri\u201d diyoruz.
\nAnlat\u0131m bi\u00e7imlerini \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralayabiliriz:
\n1)A\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 Anlat\u0131m,
\n2)\u00d6yk\u00fcleyici Anlat\u0131m (Hikaye Etme)
\n3)Betimleyici Anlat\u0131m (Tasvir Etme)
\n4)Tart\u0131\u015fmac\u0131 Anlat\u0131m<\/p>\n
A)A\u00c7IKLAYICI ANLATIM: <\/p>\n
Herhangi bir konu hakk\u0131nda bilgiler vermek,bir \u015feyler \u00f6\u011fretmek amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik anlat\u0131m bi\u00e7imidir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6RNEK:Memduh \u015eevket Esendal \u00f6yk\u00fclerini sade ve temiz bir T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019yle yazm\u0131\u015f,\u00f6yk\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fckte \u00c7ehov tarz\u0131n\u0131 benimsemi\u015ftir.Onun \u00f6yk\u00fclerini okuyanlar eserin i\u00e7inde kendilerini,\u00e7evrelerini ve hayatta kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 ki\u015fileri bulur gibi olurlar.Esendal,g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131 iyimser bir hava i\u00e7inde verir.\u00d6yk\u00fclerindeki olaylar son derece basittir.<\/p>\n
B)TARTI\u015eMACI ANLATIM:<\/p>\n
Okuyucuyu veya dinleyiciyi istenilen davran\u0131\u015f ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce bi\u00e7imine y\u00f6neltmek amac\u0131yla ba\u015fvurulan bir anlat\u0131m bi\u00e7imidir.Bu anlat\u0131m bi\u00e7imiyle okuyucunun sahip oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin
\nde\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi ama\u00e7lan\u0131r.Yani ama\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve konularda de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d6RNEK:Edebiyat metninin dili g\u00fcnl\u00fck ileti\u015fim dilinden b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcne ayr\u0131ym\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fclegelmi\u015ftir bizde.\u0130stiareli, aktarmal\u0131, do\u011fall\u0131ktan uzak bir dil olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr hep.Edebiyat s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc;s\u00fcsl\u00fc p\u00fcsl\u00fc, \u00f6zentili, abartmal\u0131 ve bo\u015f s\u00f6zler y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 gibi bir anlam kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r bu y\u00fczden.Bunu da,edebiyat dilini g\u00fcnl\u00fck dilden apayr\u0131 g\u00f6ren bir anlay\u0131\u015fa ba\u011flayabiliriz.Oysa edebiyat dili g\u00fcnl\u00fck dilden t\u00fcm\u00fcyle kopuk bir dil de\u011fildir.G\u00fcndelik dilin g\u00fczel, duygusal bir doku i\u00e7inde yeniden d\u00fczenlenimidir bir bak\u0131ma. <\/p>\n
C)\u00d6YK\u00dcLEY\u0130C\u0130 ANALTIM:<\/p>\n
Bu anlat\u0131mda ama\u00e7;olay\u0131 okuyucunun g\u00f6z\u00fc \u00f6n\u00fcnde canland\u0131rmak,anlatmak istenileni bir olay i\u00e7erisinde vermektir.\u00d6yk\u00fcleyici anlat\u0131mda olaylar olu\u015f haline uygun olarak bir dizi halinde verilirse birbirine ba\u011flan\u0131r.\u00d6yk\u00fcleme, tasarlanan ya da ya\u015fanan bir olay\u0131n anlat\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r.Roman, hikaye ve masallar\u0131n anlat\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6yk\u00fcleyici anlat\u0131m bi\u00e7imindedir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6RNEK:A\u011f\u0131r adamlarla kahveye girdi Hasan.Olanlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc bir s\u00fcre.Otursam m\u0131 oturmasam m\u0131 diye bir teredd\u00fct ge\u00e7irdi.Sonra oturdu bir k\u00f6\u015feye isteksiz.Babadan kalma t\u00fct\u00fcn tabakas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131,kal\u0131nca bir sigara sard\u0131.\u00d6yle dalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ki masas\u0131na konan \u00e7ay barda\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sesi bile dikkatini \u00e7ekmemi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
D)BET\u0130MLEY\u0130C\u0130 ANLATIM (TASV\u0130R ETME):<\/p>\n
Betimleme en yal\u0131n bi\u00e7imiyle s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerle resim \u00e7izme i\u015fidir.Varl\u0131klar\u0131n niteliklerini,bu varl\u0131klar\u0131n duyular\u0131m\u0131z \u00fczerinde uyand\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 izlenimleri belirtmektir.Betimleme nesnelerin, varl\u0131klar\u0131n, belirgin \u00f6zelliklerini tan\u0131t\u0131p g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde canland\u0131rmakt\u0131r.Bu anlat\u0131mda okuyucunun \u00e7e\u015fitli duyular\u0131na seslenilerek anlat\u0131lan varl\u0131kla ilgili izlenim kazan\u0131lmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lan\u0131r.Bu amac\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi i\u00e7in titiz bir g\u00f6zlem gerekir.G\u00f6zlem s\u0131ras\u0131nda ay\u0131rt edici \u00f6zelliklerin anlat\u0131lmas\u0131na \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6RNEK:Eski bir ta\u015f k\u00f6pr\u00fc ge\u00e7ildikten sonra fakir mahallelere giriliyor ve sefalet,b\u00fct\u00fcn deh\u015feti ve \u00e7irkinli\u011fiyle ba\u015fl\u0131yordu.Ortalar\u0131ndan akan \u00e7irkin sular\u0131nda yar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131plak \u00e7ocuklarla \u00e7amurdan k\u00f6pekler, e\u011fri b\u00fc\u011fr\u00fc sokaklar\u2026 Tezekten, \u00e7amurdan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yar\u0131 yar\u0131ya topra\u011fa g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f penceresiz kul\u00fcbeler\u2026<\/p>\n
D\u00dc\u015e\u00dcNCEY\u0130 GEL\u0130\u015eT\u0130RME YOLLARI<\/p>\n
Bir yaz\u0131da ileriye s\u00fcr\u00fclen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla yazar \u00e7e\u015fitli yollara ba\u015fvurur.D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurulan y\u00f6ntemler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
1)TANIMLAMA:<\/p>\n
Bir kavrama ya da olay\u0131n belirgin \u00f6zellikleriyle tan\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131na tan\u0131mlama denir.Tan\u0131m k\u0131saca \u201cnedir\u201d sorusuna verilen cevapt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d6RNEK:\u0130nsan v\u00fccudunun en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yap\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131na h\u00fccre denir.(Nesnel)
\n*Yi\u011fitlik, kahramanl\u0131k, sava\u015f temalar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fleyen \u015fiirlere epik \u015fiir denir.(Nesnel)
\n*Ya\u015fam, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckleri yenebilme sanat\u0131d\u0131r.(\u00d6znel)
\n*Toros da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n etekleri Akdeniz\u2019den ba\u015flar.(De\u011fil)<\/p>\n
2)\u00d6RNEKLEND\u0130RME:<\/p>\n
\u0130leriye s\u00fcr\u00fclen soyut d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin somutla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 y\u00f6ntemidir.S\u00f6ylenmek istenilenin okuyucunun kafas\u0131nda canland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan bir y\u00f6ntemdir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6RNEK:
\nGen\u00e7 Kalemler hareketi,edebiyat\u0131m\u0131za \u00f6zellikle dil konusunda yepyeni bir anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 getirmi\u015ftir.T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kendi benli\u011fine yava\u015f yava\u015f d\u00f6nmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f;halk,ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n yazd\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 anlar duruma gelmi\u015ftir.1911\u2019li y\u0131llarda yazan \u00d6mer Seyfettin\u2019i, Ziya G\u00f6kalp\u2019i a\u00e7\u0131p okuyun, severek, anlayarak okursunuz yazd\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131.S\u00f6zc\u00fckler, tamlamalar\u2026hep anlayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bi\u00e7imdedir.<\/p>\n
3)KAR\u015eILA\u015eTIRMA:<\/p>\n
Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmada iki varl\u0131k, iki kavram ya da iki \u015fey aras\u0131ndaki benzerlik ve kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131klardan yararlanma s\u00f6z konusudur.Benzerliklerin ya da kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131klar\u0131n ortaya konmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma ile olur.<\/p>\n
\u00d6RNEK:\u00d6zge Ali\u2019ye g\u00f6re daha \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkand\u0131r.
\n*En \u00e7ok sevdi\u011fim arkada\u015f\u0131m sensin.
\n*Eski \u015fiir hayali \u00f6\u011feleri yeni \u015fiir ise somut \u00f6\u011feleri i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n
4)TANIK G\u00d6STERME(ALINTI YAPMA):<\/p>\n
Anlat\u0131lmak istenilen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinden,s\u00f6zlerinden yararlanarak a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 yoludur.Ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 konuda s\u00f6yledi\u011fi s\u00f6zler yaz\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde al\u0131nt\u0131 olarak g\u00f6sterilir.Tan\u0131k olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine ba\u015fvurulan ki\u015finin, konusunda uzman g\u00fcvenilir olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6RNEK:Mutluluk, asl\u0131nda herkesin \u00e7ok yak\u0131n\u0131nda.\u0130steyen herkes, her an mutlu olabilir.Fizolof Sokrates: \u201cBir kitap, bir \u00e7i\u00e7ek, bir ku\u015f\u2026ne b\u00fcy\u00fck saadet!\u201d derken bunu anlatm\u0131yor mu?<\/p>\n
5)SAYISAL VER\u0130LERDEN YARARLANMA:D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 k\u0131lman\u0131n yollar\u0131ndan biri de say\u0131sal verilerden yararlanmad\u0131r.\u0130nsanlar okuduklar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131larla desteklendi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcrlerse yaz\u0131y\u0131 daha da inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bulurlar.
\n\u00d6RNEK:Ada pazar\u0131 \u015eeker Fabrikas\u0131 1953\u2019te i\u015fletmeye a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Kurulu\u015fta g\u00fcnde 1800 ton olan pancar i\u015fleme kapasitesi 1980\u2019de 6000 tona \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck bir geli\u015fme.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Anlat\u0131m Bi\u00e7imleri \u00c7e\u015fitli ama\u00e7lara y\u00f6nelik olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen anlat\u0131m\u0131n etkileyici olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6ntemlere ba\u015fvurulur.\u0130\u015fte,anlat\u0131m\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirirken ba\u015fvurulan bu y\u00f6ntemlere \u201canlat\u0131m bi\u00e7imleri\u201d diyoruz. Anlat\u0131m bi\u00e7imlerini \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralayabiliriz: 1)A\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 Anlat\u0131m, 2)\u00d6yk\u00fcleyici Anlat\u0131m (Hikaye Etme) 3)Betimleyici Anlat\u0131m (Tasvir Etme) 4)Tart\u0131\u015fmac\u0131 Anlat\u0131m A)A\u00c7IKLAYICI ANLATIM: Herhangi bir konu hakk\u0131nda bilgiler vermek,bir \u015feyler \u00f6\u011fretmek amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik anlat\u0131m bi\u00e7imidir. \u00d6RNEK:Memduh \u015eevket Esendal \u00f6yk\u00fclerini …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1403,1405],"tags":[1953,1955,1956,1954],"class_list":["post-657","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-odevler","category-turkce-odevleri","tag-anlatim-bicimleri","tag-betimleyici-anlatim","tag-memduh-sevket-esendal","tag-oykuleyici-anlatim"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/657","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=657"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/657\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=657"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=657"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=657"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}