{"id":679,"date":"2011-05-28T09:49:26","date_gmt":"2011-05-28T06:49:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/\/?p=679"},"modified":"2011-05-28T09:49:26","modified_gmt":"2011-05-28T06:49:26","slug":"fiiller","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/fiiller\/","title":{"rendered":"Fiiller"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>F\u0130\u0130L: Varl\u0131klar\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u015fleri, eylemleri, zaman ve ki\u015fiye ba\u011flayarak anlatan kelimelere F\u0130\u0130L denir.<br \/>\nFiil olan s\u00f6zc\u00fckte \u00fc\u00e7 temel \u00f6\u011fe vard\u0131r. 1. Eylem 2. Zaman 3. Ki\u015fi<br \/>\nyakla\u015f\u0131yordum, durmu\u015ftur, s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor, buldu (yakla\u015f, dur, s\u00f6yle, bul) Bu kelimelerin fiil olup olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in, en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck anlaml\u0131 par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 (k\u00f6klerini) buluruz:<br \/>\nBuldu\u011fumuz bu k\u00f6klere, mastar eki, &#8220;-mek, -mak&#8221; ekleriz. E\u011fer anlaml\u0131 kelimeler elde ediyorsak, buldu\u011fumuz kelimeler fiil demektir.<br \/>\n\u00d6rne\u011fin; &#8220;g\u00f6z&#8221; s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne &#8220;-mek, -mak&#8221; mastar\u0131n\u0131 ekledi\u011fimizde &#8220;g\u00f6zmek, g\u00f6zmak&#8221; gibi anlams\u0131z kelimeler olu\u015fuyorsa. Demek ki &#8220;g\u00f6z&#8221; s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc fiil de\u011fildir.<br \/>\nK\u00f6k:Fiilerin sonlar\u0131ndaki b\u00fct\u00fck ekler at\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra kalan anlaml\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131na K\u00d6K denir. <\/p>\n<p>\u00c7ekimli Fiil<br \/>\nTaban K\u00f6k<br \/>\nSonucu<br \/>\ng\u00f6rd\u00fcm<br \/>\nseviyor<br \/>\nbilir<br \/>\nsuluyor<br \/>\ng\u00f6r<br \/>\nsev<br \/>\nbil<br \/>\nsula<br \/>\nbozulmad\u0131<br \/>\nbozulmad\u0131<br \/>\nbozulmad\u0131<br \/>\nbozulmad\u0131<\/p>\n<p>F\u0130\u0130LLERDE ZAMANDilimizde tek zamanl\u0131 ek alm\u0131\u015f fiiller oldu\u011fu gibi birden \u00e7ok zaman veya kip eki alm\u0131\u015f fiiller de vard\u0131r. bunlar:<br \/>\nA. Basit Zamanl\u0131 Fiiller: Tek zaman eki alm\u0131\u015f fiillerdir. T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede geni\u015f zamanla birlikte d\u00f6rt temel zama bulunur.<br \/>\n1. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f Zaman: \u0130\u015f veya olu\u015fun daha \u00f6nceden, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildiren zamand\u0131r. \u0130kiye Ayr\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130kiye Ayr\u0131l\u0131r:<br \/>\na. Belirli (-di&#8217;li) Ge\u00e7mi\u015f Zaman: Eylemin s\u00f6z\u00fcn s\u00f6ylendi\u011fi andan, \u00f6nceden yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, s\u00f6yleyenin kesin inanc\u0131yla tam anlatr\u0131r:<br \/>\nFiillerde bulunan &#8220;-di, -du, -d\u00fc, -tu&#8221; ekleri -di&#8217;li ge\u00e7mi\u015f zaman\u0131 belirtirler.<br \/>\n\u00d6\u011fretmenimiz s\u0131n\u0131fa geldi. B\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7ocuklar bah\u00e7eye ko\u015ftu &#8230;b. Belirsiz (-mi\u015f&#8217;li) Ge\u00e7mi\u015f Zaman: Eylemlerin s\u00f6zden \u00f6nce yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirir ancak, kesinlik yoktur. S\u00f6yleyen kendisi duyup g\u00f6rmemi\u015f, i\u015fitmi\u015ftir. Bu kip masallara yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<br \/>\nFiillerde bulunan &#8220;-mu\u015f, -m\u0131\u015f, -mi\u015f, -m\u00fc\u015f&#8221; ekleri -mi\u015f&#8217;li ge\u00e7mi\u015f zaman\u0131 belirtirler.<br \/>\nOkul bah\u00e7esinde \u00fc\u00e7 tur ko\u015fmu\u015f. Havalar so\u011fuyunca \u00fc\u015f\u00fctm\u00fc\u015f&#8230;2. \u015eimdiki Zaman: Eylem ile anlat\u0131m\u0131n birlikte oldu\u011funu bildiren zamand\u0131r Ders \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorum. Al\u0131\u015f veri\u015f yap\u0131yorum.<br \/>\n3. Gelecek Zaman: Eylem ile anlat\u0131mdan sonra yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildiren zamand\u0131r<br \/>\nAynur tiyatroya gidecek. Birlikte e\u011flenece\u011fiz.<br \/>\n4. Geni\u015f Zaman: Eylem her zaman yap\u0131labilece\u011fini bildiren zamand\u0131r<br \/>\nAk\u015famlar\u0131 trene binerim. Her gece oyun oynar\u0131m.<br \/>\nB. Birle\u015fik Zamanl\u0131 Fiiller: Birden \u00e7ok zaman veya kip eki alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<br \/>\n1. Hik\u00e2ye: Basit zamanl\u0131 bir fiile ek fiil olan &#8220;idim veya idi&#8221; getirilerek yap\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>\nbak (\u0131) + yor + idi __ bak\u0131yordu<br \/>\nal + m\u0131\u015f + idim __ alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m<br \/>\n2. Rivayet: Basit zamanl\u0131 bir fiile ek fiil olan &#8220;imi\u015fim, imi\u015f&#8221; getirilerek yap\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>\nbak (\u0131) + yor + imi\u015f __ bak\u0131yormu\u015f<br \/>\nal + acak + imi\u015f __ alacakm\u0131\u015f<br \/>\n3. \u015eart: Basit zamanl\u0131 bir fiile ek fiil olan &#8220;isem, ise&#8221; getirilerek yap\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>\nbak (\u0131) + yor + isem __ bak\u0131yorsam<br \/>\nal + acak + ise __ alacaksa<br \/>\nF\u0130\u0130LLERDE \u015eAHIS<\/p>\n<p>Fiillerin belirtti\u011fi i\u015f, olu\u015f veya hareket bir \u015fahsa ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bunu fiilin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ekten ve fiile y\u00f6neltti\u011fimiz sorudan anlar\u0131z. <\/p>\n<p>__ Geldim<br \/>\n__ K\u0130m geldi?<br \/>\n__ Ben (I. tekil \u015fah\u0131s)<\/p>\n<p>gel<br \/>\nfiil k\u00f6k\u00fc<br \/>\n&#8211;<br \/>\ndi<br \/>\nzaman eki<br \/>\n&#8211;<br \/>\nm<br \/>\n\u015fah\u0131s eki<br \/>\n__<br \/>\ngeldim<\/p>\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da &#8220;gelmek&#8221; fiilinin \u015fah\u0131slara g\u00f6re \u00e7ekimi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<br \/>\nFiil k\u00f6k\u00fc<\/p>\n<p>Zaman eki<\/p>\n<p>\u015eah\u0131s eki<\/p>\n<p>geldim<br \/>\ngeldin<br \/>\ngeldi<br \/>\ngeldik<br \/>\ngeldiniz<br \/>\ngeldiler<br \/>\n(I. tekil \u015fah\u0131s)<br \/>\n(II. tekil \u015fah\u0131s)<br \/>\n(III. tekil \u015fah\u0131s)<br \/>\n(I. \u00e7o\u011ful \u015fah\u0131s)<br \/>\n(II. \u00e7o\u011ful \u015fah\u0131s)<br \/>\n(III. \u00e7o\u011ful \u015fah\u0131s)<\/p>\n<p>F\u0130\u0130L K\u0130PLER\u0130 Fiillerde zaman, \u015fah\u0131s veya dilek bildiren, ek alm\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imlerine K\u0130P denir. Dilimizde fiil kipleri ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r:<br \/>\nA. Haber Kipleri: Haber kipleri i\u015fin, olu\u015fun veya hareketin zaman ve \u015fahsa ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak meydana geldi\u011fini bildiren kiplerdir. Bunlara B\u0130LD\u0130RME K\u0130PLER\u0130 de denir.<br \/>\n1. Belirli (-di&#8217;li) Ge\u00e7mi\u015f Zaman Kipi: Eylemin s\u00f6z\u00fcn s\u00f6ylendi\u011fi andan, \u00f6nceden yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, s\u00f6yleyenin kesin inanc\u0131yla tam anlatr\u0131r:<br \/>\nFiillerde bulunan &#8220;-di, -du, -d\u00fc, -tu&#8221; ekleri -di&#8217;li ge\u00e7mi\u015f zaman\u0131 belirtirler.<br \/>\n\u00d6\u011fretmenimiz s\u0131n\u0131fa geldi. B\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7ocuklar bah\u00e7eye ko\u015ftu &#8230;<br \/>\n2. Belirsiz (-mi\u015f&#8217;li) Ge\u00e7mi\u015f Zaman Kipi: Eylemlerin s\u00f6zden \u00f6nce yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirir ancak, kesinlik yoktur. S\u00f6yleyen kendisi duyup g\u00f6rmemi\u015f, i\u015fitmi\u015ftir. Bu kip masallara yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<br \/>\nFiillerde bulunan &#8220;-mu\u015f, -m\u0131\u015f, -mi\u015f, -m\u00fc\u015f&#8221; ekleri -mi\u015f&#8217;li ge\u00e7mi\u015f zaman\u0131 belirtirler.<br \/>\nOkul bah\u00e7esinde \u00fc\u00e7 tur ko\u015fmu\u015f. Havalar so\u011fuyunca \u00fc\u015f\u00fctm\u00fc\u015f&#8230;<br \/>\n3. \u015eimdiki Zaman Kipi: Eylem ile anlat\u0131m\u0131n birlikte oldu\u011funu bildiren zamand\u0131r Ders \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorum. Al\u0131\u015f veri\u015f yap\u0131yorum.<br \/>\n\u015eimdiki zaman kipinin eki &#8220;-yor&#8221; fiillere hi\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe u\u011framadan eklenir.<br \/>\n4. Gelecek Zaman Kipi: Eylem ile anlat\u0131mdan sonra yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildiren zamand\u0131r<br \/>\nAynur tiyatroya gidecek. Birlikte e\u011flenece\u011fiz.<br \/>\nGelecek zaman kipinin ses uyumuna g\u00f6re &#8220;-ecek, -acak&#8221; t\u0131r<br \/>\n5. Geni\u015f Zaman Kipi: Eylem her zaman yap\u0131labilece\u011fini bildiren zamand\u0131r<br \/>\nAk\u015famlar\u0131 trene binerim. Her gece oyun oynar\u0131m.<br \/>\nGelecek zaman kipinin ekleri &#8220;-ar, -er, -\u0131r, -ir, -or, -\u00f6r, ur, -\u00fcr, -r&#8221; dir.<br \/>\nB. Dilek Kipleri: Bir eylemin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ya da bir olu\u015fun meydana gelmesini dilek anlam\u0131 vererek anlatan kiplerdir. D\u00f6rde ayr\u0131l\u0131r:<br \/>\n1. Gereklilik Kipi: Bir i\u015f, olu\u015f veya hareketin gereklili\u011fini anlat\u0131r. Ekleri ses uyumuna g\u00f6re &#8220;-meli, -mal\u0131&#8221; d\u0131r.<br \/>\nHaftada bir kitap okumal\u0131y\u0131m Kestikten sonra aff\u0131m\u0131 istirham etmelisin<br \/>\n2. \u0130stek Kipi: Bir i\u015f, olu\u015f veya hareketin yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n, olmas\u0131n\u0131n istendi\u011fini belirten kiptir. Ekleri ses uyumuna g\u00f6re &#8220;-e, -a&#8221; d\u0131r<br \/>\n\u015eimdi aff\u0131n\u0131 yazay\u0131m \u0130stirham\u0131m kabul olunmazsa, kendi ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131n kesilmesini isteyeyim.<br \/>\n3. Dilek \u015eart Kipi: Bir dilek ve \u015fart\u0131n anlam\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015f veya olu\u015fun, hareketin meydan gelmesi bir \u015farta ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Ekleri ses uyumuna g\u00f6re &#8220;-se, -sa&#8221; d\u0131r.<br \/>\nBabam gelirse gidece\u011fiz Okusa da babas\u0131 gibi, adam olsa.<br \/>\n4. Emir Kipi: Bir i\u015f, olu\u015f veya hareketin olmas\u0131n\u0131, yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 veya yap\u0131lmamas\u0131n\u0131 emretmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>\nHay\u0131r bey, hay\u0131r!&#8230; Padi\u015fah\u0131n emrinden \u00e7\u0131kma. Beni kes&#8230; Kestikten sonra aff\u0131m\u0131 istirham et.<br \/>\n\u0130nsan kendine emir veremeyece\u011finden bu kipin birinci tekil ve \u00e7o\u011ful \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131 yoktur.<br \/>\nF\u0130\u0130L \u00c7EK\u0130MLER\u0130<\/p>\n<p>Basit Zamanl\u0131 Fiillerin \u00c7ekimleri<\/p>\n<p>Birle\u015fik Zamanl\u0131 Fiiller:Basit zamanl\u0131 bir fiilin, ikinci bir zaman eki almas\u0131yla meydana gelen fiillere B\u0130RLE\u015e\u0130KZAMANLI F\u0130\u0130L denir. Bile\u015fik zamanl\u0131 fiiller \u00fc\u00e7e ayr\u0131l\u0131r:<br \/>\n1. Hikaye Bile\u015fik Zaman\u0131: Eki &#8220;-di&#8221; dir.<br \/>\nokumu\u015ftu, yapsayd\u0131, \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131, yapmal\u0131 idik&#8230;<br \/>\n2. Rivayet Bile\u015fik Zaman\u0131: Eki &#8220;-mi\u015f&#8221; tir.<br \/>\ns\u00f6yleyecekmi\u015f, gidiyormu\u015fsunuz, d\u00f6nmeliymi\u015fim&#8230;<br \/>\n3. \u015eart Bile\u015fik Zaman\u0131: Eki &#8220;-se, -sa&#8221; d\u0131r<br \/>\nal\u0131rsam, yaparsam, bilmezsen, g\u00f6rd\u00fclerse&#8230;<br \/>\nFiillerin Olumsuz ve Soru \u015eekilleri:<br \/>\nOlumlu Fiil: \u0130\u015fin, olu\u015fun ya da hareketin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya yap\u0131labilece\u011fini bildiren fiilere, olumlu fiil denir.<br \/>\nResim yapaca\u011f\u0131m (Olumlu fiil)<br \/>\nOlumsuz Fiil: \u0130\u015fin, olu\u015fun ya da hareketin yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya yap\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildiren fiilere, olumsuz fiil denir.<br \/>\nResim yapmayaca\u011f\u0131m (Olumsuz fiil)<br \/>\nFiillere olumsuzluk anlam\u0131n\u0131 &#8220;-me, -ma&#8221; ekleri vermektedir.<br \/>\nF\u0130\u0130L\u0130MS\u0130LER<\/p>\n<p>Asl\u0131nda fiil olduklar\u0131 halde c\u00fcmle i\u00e7inde \u00e7ekimli halde bulunmayan, fiile benzeyen, ama fiillerin g\u00f6revini yapmayan kelimelere F\u0130\u0130L\u0130MS\u0130 denir.<br \/>\nBir c\u00fcmlede ne kadar fiilimsi varsa o kadar c\u00fcmlecik vard\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc her fiilimsi bir yan c\u00fcmlecik olu\u015fturur. \u00c7ekimli fiilin bulundu\u011fu gruptaki kelimeler temel c\u00fcmleci\u011fi meydana getirirler.<br \/>\nFiilimsiler: a) \u0130sim &#8211; fiil b) S\u0131fat &#8211; fiil c) Ba\u011f &#8211; fiil olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7e ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>\n1. \u0130sim &#8211; Fiiler: Fiil k\u00f6k ve g\u00f6vdelerine eklenen &#8220;-me, -mek, -i\u015f&#8221; ekleri sonucu meydana gelirler. Fiillerin isim gibi kullan\u0131labilen \u015fekilleridir. \u0130sim &#8211; fiiller; hem bir eylemin ad\u0131 olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in isim, hem de \u00f6zne, nesne, t\u00fcmle\u00e7 ald\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in fiil olan kelimelerdir.<br \/>\n\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmak zorunday\u0131m. B\u00fct\u00fcn sorunlar\u0131 anla\u015fma yoluyla \u00e7\u00f6zebiliriz.2. S\u0131fat &#8211; Fiiler: Varl\u0131klar\u0131 niteledikleri i\u00e7in sofat, yan c\u00fcmlecik kurduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in de fiil say\u0131lan kelimelerdir.<br \/>\nS\u0131fat &#8211; fiil t\u00fcreten ekler: &#8220;-en, -er, &#8211;acak, -mi\u015f, -dik, -esi &#8230;&#8221; gibi<br \/>\n\u00c7al\u0131\u015fkan insandan zarar gelmez. Olacak i\u015fin pe\u015finden ko\u015fulur. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f g\u00fcnlerimi \u00e7ok ar\u0131yorum.3. Ba\u011f &#8211; Fiiler: Birle\u015fik bir c\u00fcmlede iki c\u00fcmleyi ba\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u011fla\u00e7; \u00f6zne, nesne, t\u00fcmle\u00e7 ald\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in fiil say\u0131lan kelimelerdir. Ba\u011f fiillere &#8220;ula\u00e7&#8221; da denir. \u00c7ekim ekleri almazlar. C\u00fcmlede zarf olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131rlar.<br \/>\nBa\u011f fiiller \u015fu eklerle t\u00fcrerler: &#8220;-ip, -arak, -\u0131nca, -ma, -ken, -dan, -d\u0131k\u00e7a, -dik\u00e7e &#8230;&#8221;<br \/>\nCan\u0131m sa\u011f olduk\u00e7a hi\u00e7bir \u015fey beni y\u0131ld\u0131ramaz. \u0130\u015fe gireli gece g\u00fcnd\u00fcz \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorum. Sen gelince ben giderim.<br \/>\nEK F\u0130\u0130LLER<\/p>\n<p>Ek-fiil, isim soylu kelimelerin sonuna gelerek onlar\u0131n y\u00fcklem olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan ya da basit zamanl\u0131 fiillerin sonuna gelerek bu fiilleri birle\u015fik zamanl\u0131 fiile d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren ek h\u00e2lindeki fiildir. &#8220;imek&#8221; fiilinin ek olarak kullan\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n\u00b7Genellikle biti\u015fik yaz\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>\n\u00b7Ek-fiilin d\u00f6rt kipi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130sim<br \/>\nEk-fiil<br \/>\n\u015eah\u0131s eki<br \/>\nEk-fiil alm\u0131\u015f \u015fekli<br \/>\nmemur<br \/>\n-du<br \/>\n-m<br \/>\nmemurdum<\/p>\n<p>EK-F\u0130\u0130L\u0130 \u00d6RNEK \u00c7EK\u0130M\u0130<br \/>\n\u015eah\u0131slar<br \/>\nG\u00f6r\u00fclen Ge\u00e7mi\u015f Zaman<br \/>\n\u00d6\u011frenilen Ge\u00e7mi\u015f Zaman<br \/>\nDilek-\u015eart Kipi<br \/>\nGeni\u015f Zaman<br \/>\nBen<br \/>\nSen<br \/>\nO<br \/>\nBiz<br \/>\nSiz<br \/>\nOnlar<br \/>\nT\u00fcccard\u0131m<br \/>\nT\u00fcccars\u0131n<br \/>\nT\u00fcccard\u0131<br \/>\nT\u00fcccard\u0131k<br \/>\nT\u00fcccard\u0131n\u0131z<br \/>\nT\u00fcccard\u0131lar\/T\u00fcccarlard\u0131<br \/>\nT\u00fcccarm\u0131\u015f\u0131m<br \/>\nT\u00fcccarm\u0131\u015fs\u0131n<br \/>\nT\u00fcccarm\u0131\u015f<br \/>\nT\u00fcccarm\u0131\u015f\u0131z<br \/>\nT\u00fcccarm\u0131\u015fs\u0131n\u0131z<br \/>\nT\u00fcccarlarm\u0131\u015f<br \/>\nT\u00fcccarsam<br \/>\nT\u00fcccarsan<br \/>\nT\u00fcccarsa<br \/>\nT\u00fcccarsak<br \/>\nT\u00fcccarsan\u0131z<br \/>\nT\u00fcccarlarsa<br \/>\nT\u00fcccar\u0131m<br \/>\nT\u00fcccars\u0131n<br \/>\nT\u00fcccar (d\u0131r)<br \/>\nT\u00fcccar\u0131z<br \/>\nT\u00fcccars\u0131n\u0131z<br \/>\nT\u00fcccard\u0131rlar\/T\u00fcccarlard\u0131r <\/p>\n<p>F\u0130\u0130L \u00c7ATISI<br \/>\n\u00d6zne-Y\u00fcklem \u0130li\u015fkisine G\u00f6re<br \/>\nNesne-Y\u00fcklem \u0130li\u015fkisine G\u00f6re<br \/>\n\u00c7at\u0131 adlar\u0131<br \/>\nEtken<br \/>\nEdilgen<br \/>\nD\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc<br \/>\n\u0130\u015fte\u015f<br \/>\nEttirgen<br \/>\nGe\u00e7i\u015fli<br \/>\nGe\u00e7i\u015fsiz<br \/>\nOldurgan<br \/>\nEttirgen<br \/>\nEkler<\/p>\n<p>-l, -n<br \/>\n-l, -n<br \/>\n-\u015f<br \/>\n-t, -d\u0131r, -t\u0131r<\/p>\n<p>-t, -d\u0131r, -\u0131r, -t\u0131r<br \/>\n-t, -d\u0131r, -t\u0131r<br \/>\nFiilin c\u00fcmlede nesne ve \u00f6zne ile olan ilgisine fiilin \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 denir. Bu ilgiden dolay\u0131 fiil \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 nesnelerine g\u00f6re ve \u00f6znelerine g\u00f6re olmak \u00fczere ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>\n1) Nesne al\u0131p almamalar\u0131na g\u00f6re fiillerde \u00e7at\u0131<br \/>\nNesne, y\u00fcklemin bildirdi\u011fi eylemden etkilenen varl\u0131kt\u0131r. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e&#8217;de baz\u0131 c\u00fcmlelerde nesne bulunabildi\u011fi halde baz\u0131 c\u00fcmlelerde nesne bulunmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Bunun i\u00e7in de nesne al\u0131p almamalar\u0131na g\u00f6re fiiller ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r: a) Ge\u00e7i\u015fli fiiller: Nesne alan fiillere ge\u00e7i\u015fli fiil denir. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e&#8217;de k\u0131l\u0131\u015f bildiren fiiller genellikle ge\u00e7i\u015flidir: a\u00e7mak, ba\u011flamak, atmak, \u00e7\u00f6zmek&#8230; gibi. Ge\u00e7i\u015fli fiillere neyi, kimi sorular\u0131 soruldu\u011funda cevap al\u0131n\u0131r. Ge\u00e7i\u015fli fiillerin y\u00fcklem oldu\u011fu c\u00fcmlelerde, s\u00f6ylenmek istenmezse, nesne bulunmayabilir. b) Ge\u00e7i\u015fsiz fiiller: Nesne almayan fiillere ge\u00e7i\u015fsiz fiil denir. Ge\u00e7i\u015fsiz fiillere neyi, kimi sorular\u0131 soruldu\u011funda cevap al\u0131nmaz. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e&#8217;de olu\u015f bildiren fiiller genellikle ge\u00e7i\u015fsizdir: uyumak, \u00f6lmek, d\u00fc\u015fmek, susmak&#8230; gibi. Ge\u00e7i\u015fsiz fiillerin y\u00fcklem oldu\u011fu c\u00fcmlelerde nesne bulunmaz.<br \/>\nGe\u00e7i\u015fsiz fiiller ek yard\u0131m\u0131yla ge\u00e7i\u015fli hale getirilebilir. B\u00f6yle fiillere oldurgan fiil denir. \u00d6rnek: \u00fc\u015f\u00fcmek\/\u00fc\u015f\u00fc-t-mek, uyumak\/uyu-t-mak, yatmak\/yat-\u0131r-mak, susmak\/sus-tur-mak&#8230;<br \/>\nGe\u00e7i\u015fli fiillerin ge\u00e7i\u015flilik dereceleri ek yard\u0131m\u0131yla art\u0131r\u0131labilir: Bu t\u00fcr fiiller ettirgen ad\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r. Bu fiiller \u00f6znesine g\u00f6re de ettirgen olarak isimlendirilir. al-d\u0131r-t-t\u0131r-mak, bul-dur-t-tur-mak, yaz-d\u0131r-t-t\u0131r-mak&#8230;<br \/>\nDilimizde baz\u0131 anlamlar\u0131yla \u00e7e\u015fitli, baz\u0131 anlamlar\u0131yla ge\u00e7i\u015fsiz olan fiiller de vard\u0131r:<br \/>\nBug\u00fcn de ge\u00e7ti: Ge\u00e7mek, ge\u00e7i\u015fsizdir.<br \/>\nIrma\u011f\u0131 y\u00fczerek ge\u00e7ti: Ge\u00e7mek, ge\u00e7i\u015flidir.<br \/>\nBu y\u0131l ekinler iyi s\u00fcrd\u00fc: S\u00fcrmek (b\u00fcy\u00fcmek), ge\u00e7i\u015fsizdir.<br \/>\nBu y\u0131l tarlas\u0131n\u0131 iyi s\u00fcrd\u00fc: S\u00fcrmek, ge\u00e7i\u015flidir.<br \/>\nTurfanda patates \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131: \u00c7\u0131kmak, ge\u00e7i\u015fsizdir.<br \/>\nBu yoku\u015fu yorulmadan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131: \u00c7\u0131kmak ge\u00e7i\u015flidir. <\/p>\n<p>Uyar\u0131lar:<br \/>\n\u00b7Bir c\u00fcmlede fiil ge\u00e7i\u015fli oldu\u011fu halde nesne kullan\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olabilir. Bu durumda fiilin \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fmez.<br \/>\n\u00b7Baz\u0131 fiiller c\u00fcmledeki kullan\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re ge\u00e7i\u015fli ya da ge\u00e7i\u015fsizolabilir<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>F\u0130\u0130L: Varl\u0131klar\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u015fleri, eylemleri, zaman ve ki\u015fiye ba\u011flayarak anlatan kelimelere F\u0130\u0130L denir. Fiil olan s\u00f6zc\u00fckte \u00fc\u00e7 temel \u00f6\u011fe vard\u0131r. 1. Eylem 2. Zaman 3. Ki\u015fi yakla\u015f\u0131yordum, durmu\u015ftur, s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor, buldu (yakla\u015f, dur, s\u00f6yle, bul) Bu kelimelerin fiil olup olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in, en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck anlaml\u0131 par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 (k\u00f6klerini) buluruz: Buldu\u011fumuz bu k\u00f6klere, mastar eki, &#8220;-mek, -mak&#8221; ekleriz. &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1403,1405],"tags":[2005,2004,1964,2008,2009,2003,2006,2007,1448,2010],"class_list":["post-679","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-odevler","category-turkce-odevleri","tag-basit-zamanli-fiiller","tag-cekimli-fiil","tag-dilek-kipleri","tag-emir-kipi","tag-fiilimsiler","tag-fiiller","tag-gecmis-zaman","tag-gelecek-zaman","tag-genis-zaman","tag-ozne"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/679","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=679"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/679\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=679"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=679"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.islamidavet.com\/kutuphane\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=679"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}